Repetition of all topics in social studies. Ege in social studies

Roof 06.08.2020

Roof

There is an opinion among schoolchildren that social science is the easiest subject of the exam. Many choose it for this very reason. But this is a delusion that leads away from serious preparation.

Changes in KIM USE 2019 in social studies:

The wording was detailed and the grading system for task 25 was reworked.
The maximum score for mission 25 has been increased from 3 to 4.
Detailed wording of tasks 28, 29, and improved systems
their evaluations.
The maximum primary score for completing the entire work has been increased
from 64 to 65.

How to start preparing for the exam in social studies?

1. Learn theory.

To do this, for each task selected theoretical material what you need to know and consider when performing a task. There will be questions with a philosophical bias (individual and society) and sociological (relationships in society). Remember that there are only 8 topics: society

Human
knowledge
spiritual sphere (culture)
social sphere
economy
politics
right

Indicates on what topics the survey will be in assignments. Within each topic, there are many smaller subtopics that you should pay attention to when studying.

To obtain a high result, the examinee must confidently operate with basic concepts and terms. Analyze information provided in the form of graphics. Work with text. Competently reason within the framework of the problem posed, concisely express your thoughts in writing.

Important advice: in preparation, materials and manuals for 2016 and earlier should not be used, as they have lost their relevance to the updated assignments.

2. Study well the structure of tasks, the system of their evaluation.

The examination paper is divided into two parts:

Tasks from 1 to 20 requiring a short answer (word, phrase or number);
Assignments from 21 to 29 - with a detailed answer and mini-essays.

Evaluation of USE assignments in social science was distributed as follows:

1 point - for 1, 2, 3, 10, 12 tasks.
2 points - 4-9, 11, 13-22.
3 points - 23, 24, 26, 27.
4 points - 25, 28.
6 points - 29.

The maximum you can score is 65 points.
The minimum should be - 43 total points.

Pay special attention to the tasks of the exam with a detailed answer in social studies.

3. Solving the tasks of the exam in social science.

The more test tasks you complete, the stronger your knowledge will be. Tasks are formed on the basis of a demo version from FIPI in social studies. Solve complete and thematic online tests with answers no matter what stage of theory you are at. After registering on the site, check and analyze your mistakes and keep statistics in your personal account, so that later they will not be allowed on the exam.

Exam Success Formula

High scores on the exam = theory + practice + systematic repetition + clearly planned time for classes + desire / will / diligence.

Get ready. Do your best. Strive for success! And then you will succeed.

Russian language and mathematics. According to data from previous years, almost half of the graduates (49%) pass social studies. And this is not surprising, since the Unified State Examination in social studies is necessary for admission to all humanitarian specialties.

In fact, the subject "social science" includes information on various aspects of society, studied within the whole class of humanities: economics, law, philosophy, sociology, political science and, to some extent, history.

The version of the KIM Unified State Examination in social studies has undergone minor changes. The developers have revised the difficulty of tasks 28 and 29, due to which the maximum primary score for the entire test has increased from 62 to 64.

EGE assessment

Last year, in order to pass the Unified State Exam in social studies, at least for a three, it was enough to score 19 primary points. They were given, for example, correctly completed the first 13 tasks of the test.

How it will be in 2019 is still not known for sure: you need to wait for an official order from Rosobrnadzor on the correspondence of primary and test scores. It will most likely appear in December. Considering that the maximum primary score has increased from 62 to 64, it is very likely that the minimum score may also change slightly.

In the meantime, you can focus on these tables:

USE structure

In 2019, the USE test in social studies consists of two parts, including 29 tasks.

Part 1: 20 tasks (No. 1–20) with a short answer (choose the correct answer from those offered, establish a correspondence between the elements of two sets, insert a missing word in the text);
Part 2: 9 tasks (No. 21-29) with a detailed answer (answers to questions, mini-essays).

Preparation for the exam

Pass USE tests online for free without registration and SMS. The presented tests are identical in their complexity and structure to the real exams held in the corresponding years.

Download demo versions of the exam in social studies, which will allow you to better prepare for the exam and make it easier to pass it. All proposed tests are developed and approved for preparation for the exam Federal Institute pedagogical measurements (FIPI). In the same FIPI, all official USE options.

The tasks that you will see, most likely, will not be found on the exam, but there will be tasks similar to the demo ones on the same topic.

General USE numbers

Year	Min. USE score	Average score	Number of applicants	Did not pass, %	Qty 100 points	Duration- exam length, min.
2009	39
2010	39	56,38	444 219	3,9	34	210
2011	39	57,11	280 254	3,9	23	210
2012	39	55,2	478 561	5,3	86	210
2013	39	56,23	471 011	5,3	94	210
2014	39	55,4				235
2015	42	53,3				235
2016	42					235
2017	42					235
2018

The USE in social studies is the most popular elective exam after the mandatory USE in mathematics and the Russian language. According to the data of previous years, more than half of the graduates chose social studies, and in 2013 69.3% passed it! At the same time, it is one of the most difficult exams. In that USE year in social studies, 5.3% of graduates did not pass, and this is about 25 thousand people! What is the reason for this failure?

The Five Pitfalls of Social Science

There is a common misconception among alumni that social studies is one of the easiest subjects. Many of them are sure that it is really possible to “blame something” on him. This is the first trap of social science. Students rely on their experience of oral answers in the classroom, where you can really say a lot, and the teacher himself will isolate the correct answer from what was said. On the Unified State Examination, where even the detailed answers of Part C consist of only a few sentences, it is impossible to "blank", but you need to give clear answers.

And here we have the second trap of social science: knowledge of terminology and the ability to operate with it. If terminology can be learned, then the ability to operate with it requires skills logical thinking: ability to compare and analyze. And this means that the Unified State Examination in social science, to a greater extent than any other exam, involves not simply reproducing the memorized material, but its "preparation", which is much more difficult.

The Unified State Examination in Social Studies is a real integral exam: it includes five topics related to different sciences Key words: economics, law, philosophy, sociology and political science. Each science has its own conceptual apparatus: terminology, approaches to evaluation and analysis. This is the third trap - the student needs to master all the terminology and logic of each of the five sciences. The complexity of the Unified State Examination in social studies lies in the fact that, unlike, for example, mathematics, where geometric problems occupy a clear place in the structure of the exam, the question for comparison can be both in the topic of economics and sociology. Consequently, the student must, first of all, determine what discipline he is dealing with, and then "turn on" the necessary conceptual apparatus.

The Unified State Exam in social studies is taken for many specialties - for economics, jurisprudence, public administration, architecture, customs, logistics and other specialties of the humanitarian and socio-economic profile.

When preparing for the exam in social studies, it is difficult to avoid the fourth trap: numerous textbooks and manuals. Some of them, unfortunately, are not always conscientious and can do a disservice. It is best to take two basic textbooks as a basis - Kravchenko and Bogolyubov, which are used in most schools. However, keep in mind that schools may use textbooks different years, and FIPI in its developments of the Unified State Examination relies on the latest editions.

The fifth trap of the exam - not enough hours assigned to this subject at school. This is due, first of all, to the paradoxes of development Russian education. As it improves, the exam in social science becomes more difficult, and at school this time is running departure from the profile study of this subject. And this is despite the fact that it is in demand in more than 30% of liberal arts universities. Today, social studies in the school curriculum exists only as a basic subject, which is given only one hour a week.

So how do you avoid the pitfalls and turn them into positives in preparation?

Here are five specific tips that Maxim Sigal, head of the teaching department from training center MAXIMUM preparation for the exam:

"Do not underestimate this exam. Many students treat social studies as something very simple, where you can hardly prepare, but simply give answers according to logic - this is definitely wrong!"

First trap: When choosing this subject, evaluate your knowledge objectively. Treat social science as an exact science.

Second trap: learn terminology and practice thinking logically. All types of tasks are described in the FIPI materials. Search for answers to questions, find out what exactly is required in a given answer, and how each answer is scored. In detailed tasks, specify how much you need to write to answer each question.

Third trap: learn to distinguish the terminology of each of the five disciplines included in the exam in social studies. When answering, the first thing to do is determine the discipline to be dealt with.

Fourth trap: be careful when choosing textbooks for preparing for the exam in social studies: a number of them use unused terminology and concepts. Consider the changes that have been made to the USE-2014 compared to 2013, namely:

Task B5 is more difficult. The total number of judgments given in the assignment condition increases from 4 to 5. It is necessary to distribute them into three, instead of the previous two, groups of judgments: facts, estimates, theoretical statements. Here it is very easy to get confused in estimates and theoretical statements. It should be remembered that theory is memorized knowledge, and evaluation is one's own opinion.
The topics proposed for writing an essay are grouped into five blocks instead of the previous six. Topics covered in terms of the provisions of sociology and social psychology are now included in one general direction. This makes it easier to write a task on a given topic, since the line between the terminology of these two disciplines is not always distinguishable.
For an essay, you can get a maximum of 5 points. It is important to remember here that if the meaning of the statement is not disclosed, then the work is simply not checked. Extra points are given for bringing the theoretical justification, and the highest - for the factual argument.

Fifth trap: the insufficient number of hours can only be compensated for by one thing - additional preparation for the Unified State Examination in social studies at the right and timely chosen courses.

Many parents will be horrified by reading this material. It is so difficult and takes time and diligence to prepare! But is it worth it to be afraid, because we all want to teach our children the ability to reason independently and think logically. Often accusations are made against the Unified State Examination: this format of the exam, they say, “stupefies” children, forces teachers to engage in “training” for the exam instead of transferring knowledge. We don't like it, do we? So we should be glad that the opposite is true with the Unified State Exam in social studies - in the process of preparing for it, children learn to think and use the knowledge they have received. Isn't that what most parents want?

Discussion

If the state textbooks of Bogolyubov and Kravchenko are bad, then the tests compiled on the basis of these textbooks will also always be bad. This is the main problem with passing the exam in social science. The only way out is to change basic textbooks, change social science standards and change tests. I advise you to use my textbook for reading - Valery Starikov "Interesting Social Science", which is published on the Russian and English Wikipedia:
[link-1]

05.01.2019 17:15:47, Valery Starikov

Useless information, a lot of water, thanks for your time

21.11.2017 18:08:06, [email protected]

22.03.2016 22:47:59, Ashati

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Life analyzed guidelines for teachers, prepared by the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI) based on typical mistakes of USE participants in 2016, and identified 5 problems for graduates taking exams in social studies.

As it turned out, the results of this USE in 2016 are comparable to 2015: 17.6% of the children could not achieve minimum score, the number of graduates who received more than 80 points decreased by 0.7%, and only 59 people scored 100 points (in 2015 there were more than 100 points - 80 people).

Guys confuse the concepts of "demand" and "supply"

They also do not know the factors that affect the increase and decrease of these categories.

Job example:

The graph shows the change in the supply of fresh vegetables in the consumer market: the supply curve has shifted from position

S into positionS1.

(On the chart: P - price of goods; Q - quantity of goods).

Which of the following factors can cause such a change?

1. Bad harvest.

2. Decreased consumer income.

3. Increasing energy tariffs.

4. Increase in fruit prices.

5. The onset of the heating season.

Correct answer: 1 - poor harvest; 3 - increase in tariffs for energy carriers.

According to experts, sometimes students and teachers deliberately ignore this type of assignment when preparing for the exam.

FIPI specialists proposed an algorithm for performing the following tasks:

The student needs to carefully read the terms of the assignment and understand what it is about (a change in "demand" or "supply"), because sometimes it is inattention that entails the incorrect completion of the assignment.

After that, you need to determine what happened - "increase" or "reduction".

And in the end, before giving your answer, you should analyze all the proposed options, correlating them with changes in a particular category.

Due to ignorance of terminology, students cannot solve the task where you need to choose a word or phrase

Such problems often arise due to inattention and unwillingness to double-check yourself.

One of the key problems with doing this type of assignment incorrectly is that graduates do not read the requirements for the assignment carefully enough. A typical mistake made by participants is writing down a word or phrase that was used in the task condition. The average percentage of completion is 67%.

Job example:

Write down the missing word in the table.

Correct Answer: Specificity.

In order to correctly complete this type of task, the student needs to determine what the answer should be - in one "word" or "phrase". Next, you need to identify the area of knowledge from which you need to find this concept (experts advise paying attention to the name of the table and columns).

After that, analyze the completed line of the table and then try to identify the characteristic of the term in the condition of the problem.

If it was required to write down a "word", but it turned out to be a "phrase", you should remember what the synonyms are.

The problem of choosing a generalizing word or phrase

The main problem is that the participants do not understand the requirements: the answer must contain the word (phrase) proposed in the task

This type of task could not be completed by 53% of participants who did not overcome the minimum score.

Job example:

In the row below, find the concept that is generalizing for all other concepts. Write down this word.

Subsystem, institution, society, group, personality.

Correct answer: society.

Experts ask students to pay attention to the need to write down the required word or phrase exactly in the form in which it is written in the assignment.

Graduates are poorly versed in the signs of the state

To complete the task, you not only need to know the theory, but also understand what the "generic concept" means.

Only a third of the graduates completed this task correctly.

Job example:

Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to the features of a state of any type. Find two terms that do not correspond to the general series of words, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

1. Sovereignty.

2. Monopoly on the legal use of force.

3. Establishing prices for goods.

4. Comprehensive control over the lives of citizens.

5. The right to collect taxes and fees from the population.

6. The right to create generally binding legal norms.

Correct answer: 4 - comprehensive control over the lives of citizens; 3 - setting prices for goods.

When performing such a task, it is required to understand the meaning of a generic concept - this is a type of term that fully includes the amount of information of the rest.

Plan for a mini-essay on social studies:

1. At the beginning, you need to explain the statement (at least five sentences).

2. After that, the student should express his agreement with him and write in one sentence how it is justified.

3. After that, the participant gives the first argument and example in defense of his position.

4. Then he writes the second argument, as well as an example in defense of it.

5. Finishes the mini-essay with a conclusion.

What is an argument?

This is the participant's thought that proves him right: the answer to the question of why he agrees with the statement.

What is an example?

As an example, a participant can give a case from life (can be real or invented. - Note. Life), history and literature. The example needs to be detailed. It is best if it is from history, literature, geography or media.

The exam in social studies consists of two parts, which in total contain 29 tasks.

First part contains 20 tasks with a short answer.

The answer to the tasks of the first part is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a word or phrase or a sequence of numbers written without spaces and separating characters.

Tasks 1–3 - conceptual tasks basic level- aimed at testing knowledge and understanding of the biosocial essence of a person, the main stages and factors of socialization of the individual, patterns and trends in the development of society, the main social institutions and processes.

Tasks 4–19 of the basic and elevated levels, aimed at testing the formation of skills:

characterize from a scientific point of view, the main social facilities(facts, phenomena, processes, institutions), their place and significance in the life of society as an integral system
search social information presented in various sign systems (text, scheme, table, diagram)
apply socio-economic and humanitarian knowledge in the process of solving cognitive tasks on current social issues

The tasks of this group represent the traditional five thematic modules of the social science course:

man and society, including knowledge and spiritual culture (tasks 4–6)
economics (tasks 7–10)
social relations (tasks 11, 12)
politics (tasks 13–15)
law (tasks 16–19)

Second part contains 9 tasks with a detailed answer.

In the tasks of the second part, the answer is formulated and recorded by the examinee independently in expanded form. The tasks of this part of the work are aimed at identifying graduates with the highest level of social science training.

The tasks of the second part (21-29) together represent the basic social sciences that form the social science course of the secondary school (social philosophy, economics, sociology, political science, social psychology, jurisprudence.

Distribution of tasks in parts examination work