Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Ministers of Education of Russia. Interesting Facts. Biography of the Minister of Education of Russia Minister of Education of the Russian Federation Olga Vasilyeva

With the breakup Soviet Union, in November 1991, the current Ministry of Education of the RSFSR was transformed. On its basis, by combining several more republican committees, the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR was created. And at the end of December, the name of the state changed. And the ministry was renamed the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

All names of the Ministers of Education of Russia

The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation is a body of state power, the direction of which is the implementation of the state policy on normative, legal regulation in the field of science, public education, youth policy, guardianship and guardianship, social protection and support for pupils of educational institutions.

For twenty-six years of existence new Russia 8 people held the post of Minister of Education of Russia.

All the Ministers of Education of Russia, each in his time, made a great contribution to the preservation and development of the system of education of the country's population.

The first elected Minister of Education of the Russian Federation

Eduard Dmitrievich Dneprov - academician, doctor of ped. Sciences, Candidate of Historical Sciences. He is rightfully considered a reformer of Russian education during the formation of the newly formed state.

The burden of reorganizing the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR into the Ministry of Education of Russia fell on his shoulders. Since December 1992 there was Yeltsin B. N. Dneprov E. D. - the author of many works on the history of Russian pedagogy and school.

Second Minister

After Eduard Dneprov, the ministry was headed by E. V. Tkachenko, who had previously worked as the rector of the Sverdlovsk Institute of Institute of Psychology, professor, doctor of chemical sciences. Having become a minister, he announced a moratorium on the privatization of all property in all structures of the ministry. He was a supporter of the humanization and democratization of education.

Ministry of General and Vocational Education

In August 1996, the State Committee for Higher Education of the Russian Federation was abolished. Its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Education, at the same time changing the name of the ministry. On August 14, it became the Ministry of General and Vocational Education. V. G. Kinelev was appointed minister.

From February to the end of September 1998, the post of Minister was held by the former First Deputy Minister of Education of Russia A. - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Academician. He is known for his work on materials science in space and radiation fields. Since October 1998, he moved to work on the methodological and scientific support of informatization of schools and colleges of the country, the methodology for the application of information technologies in the educational and scientific sphere.

Filippov V. M.

In September 1998, M. was appointed minister. Prior to that, he was the rector of the famous RUDN University. He came to the government together with Primakov E.M.

Together with Deputy Prime Minister Matvienko V.I., he began work to stabilize the situation in the field of education and upbringing, paying special attention to reducing wage arrears to school teachers and kindergarten teachers.

The Ministry of General and Vocational Education in May 1999 was renamed the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. In the same year, the state program for the development and improvement of the system for the period up to 2004 was approved. At the initiative of Filippov, an active renewal of the system and principles of education has begun. At the beginning of 2000, Filippov held the Congress of Teachers and Educators of Russia in Moscow, which the previous ministers did not hold.

Vladimir Mikhailovich carried out an almost complete modernization of the education system. Provided schools with buses, carried out informatization in educational institutions, new standards were developed and introduced general education. The gradual introduction of the Unified State Examination has begun. The system of recruiting students to the country's universities on the basis of university, regional and all-Russian Olympiads began to work. The rules for the targeted quota sending of young people to study at certain higher educational institutions and much more have been approved.

Ministry of Education and Science of Russia

In 2004, Prime Minister M. Fradkov transferred A. A. Fursenko from the Ministry of Industry to the Ministry of Education and Science.

The Minister of Education and Science of Russia (now this is the name of the Ministry) began its activities by continuing the reforms initiated by Filippov. Under him, the Unified State Examination was finally put into effect in all eleventh grades. Higher education has become two-level: undergraduate and graduate. In 2012, when V. Putin again became President, Fursenko went to work in his office.

The rector of MISiS was appointed to the vacant seat. He was a supporter of reducing the number of universities. He proposed to deprive all inefficient higher education institutions of licenses from budget financing.

minister today

Who is the Minister of Education of Russia now? Since August 2016, this position has been held by Olga Vasilyeva, Doctor of Historical Sciences. For a year of work in the entrusted position, she proved herself, like all previous ministers of education in Russia, as an official who cares for the prosperity of domestic science and education.

- On behalf of President Vladimir Putin, a unified educational space is being formed. Could you elaborate on what the essence of this idea is?

- Thank you very much for this. important question. Education has always, in all periods of our history, worried both the leadership and citizens, because there is not a single person who would not be associated with education. Of course, the issue of a unified educational space is directly related - and has always been connected - with a very important problem: national security. Here the question is before the country, whom we are training, whom we are teaching, whom we are educating, to whom we will be able to transfer the country tomorrow. That is, today a student, today a child, and tomorrow a citizen who will be responsible for the country.

The concept of a single educational space includes several areas. But the most important thing is what we invest in our education, what we invest in education. Because education is training and upbringing, it is a dualism that is difficult to break, no matter what anyone says. On the most basic level, what is this initiative for? To know for sure that the child, having left one school and moved to another, sat down at his desk, opened a textbook, say, mathematics and started from the place where he finished reading in the previous school.

At the same time, a single educational space involves several steps. The first step is, of course, creating content - what and how we teach. There were standards that we all knew and lived by that were good for their time. But each time requires a certain adjustment. When we talk about the content of education, we must know the core of what we will be teaching.

The Minister of Education and Science suddenly changed in Russia. Dmitry Livanov, known as a reformer of the Academy of Sciences, was replaced by an official from the presidential administration, Olga Vasilyeva. Who is she - read in our section "Question-Answer":

How old is the new Minister of Education, Olga Vasilyeva, and where did she study?

The age of women is usually not asked. But since Olga Yuryevna is now a minister, we will tell. Olga Vasilyeva was born in 1960. She received three higher educations. He is a doctor of historical sciences, professor of history. At the same time, it is obvious that she is a creative person, because she received her first higher education at the conductor and choral department of the Moscow state institute culture.

After that, she studied at the Faculty of History of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute, and also graduated from the Faculty of International Relations of the Diplomatic Academy.

In the late Soviet period, from 1987 to 1990, Vasilyeva was a postgraduate student at the Institute of Russian History of the Academy of Sciences.

Then she defended her PhD thesis. By the way, the topic of research by the current Minister of Education was very interesting for that time - "The Soviet state and the patriotic activity of the Russian Orthodox Church during the years of the Great Patriotic War".

She received her doctoral degree after defending her dissertation on the topic "The Russian Orthodox Church in the politics of the Soviet state in 1943-1948."

Where did Olga Vasilyeva work before her appointment as a minister?

Good question. I must say, the work of the new Minister of Education is very curious. After graduate school and until 2002, Olga Vasilyeva worked at the Center for the History of Religion and the Church of the Institute of Russian History of the Academy of Sciences, taught at the Sretensky Theological Seminary. Then she began to approach near-government institutions, heading the Department of Religious Studies of the Russian Academy public service under the President of the Russian Federation.

Until recently, Olga Vasilyeva occupied the chair of the deputy head of the department for public projects. She is also a professor at the Department of State-Confessional Relations of the RANEPA.

What is interesting in the biography of Olga Vasilyeva?

Well, at least its close connection with religious studies. Vasilyeva herself in one of her interviews said that she was born in a religious family. That is why the candidate and doctoral dissertation, which she defended in the 1990s, are devoted to the activities of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War and the first post-war years.

According to Kommersant, in 2013, Vasilyeva was among the organizers of the exhibition "Orthodox Russia. The Romanovs" in the Manege. The authors of the exhibition said that the Romanovs managed to "defeat internal and external enemies," while the Decembrists planned to plunge Russia into "a bloody chaos of unrest."

Vasilyeva also lectured on patriotism to members of the United Russia party. In particular, according to Kommersant, in one of her lectures she said that Stalin carried out the most important work to unite the nation, promoted the Russian language and literature, which allowed him to win the war with Hitler.

In addition, Vasilyeva wrote a lot of materials about the church. Among them: "Church Stalinism": legends and facts, "State-church relations of the Khrushchev period", etc.

Also, Ms. Vasilyeva was a member of the working group to develop a standard for teaching history in schools.

What is Olga Vasilyeva going to do as a minister?

The official said that in the new post, the main priorities of her work will be caring for teachers and rethinking the experience of past years. "Extract the best experience, take the best and move forward progressively," said Ms. Vasilyeva. Judging by her statements, the new Minister of Education intends to pay close attention to the secondary education system.

“Today we have children, tomorrow we have people,” Vasilyeva said. According to her, it is necessary to take care of the financial situation of teachers. At the same time, she noted that in Russia it is necessary to improve the system of professional development of teachers. Olga Yurievna did not talk about possible personnel changes in the ministry.

On May 18, 2018, a new composition of the Government began its work in Russia. Most of the ministers continued their activities in the posts they held in the previous government, but there are certain changes in the composition of the Cabinet of Ministers.

For example, the former Ministry of Education and Science was reformatted, as a result of which two departments were formed at once - the Ministry of Education, which was headed by the former Minister of Education Olga Vasilyeva, and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, which was joined by a new person who had not previously worked in the government . The new Minister of Education of Russia in 2018, who is this person, why exactly did he head the newly formed ministry.

With the beginning of the work of the new government, it became clear that there would no longer be a single Ministry of Education. Instead, two new structures have been established - the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. This division was approved by President Vladimir Putin at the suggestion of Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, thus dividing the responsibilities of departments. The first will be responsible for schools and secondary education, the second - for the science of innovation and the activities of higher educational institutions.

According to Medvedev, the reorganization will make it possible to better concentrate the state's opportunities for the development of both education systems.

According to experts, the idea of ​​uniting all levels of the educational system under the wing of one agency turned out to be erroneous. The result of such actions was a serious decline in the level of educational training in colleges and the widespread orientation of all students to receive exclusively higher education. Thus, changes in the management of the education system are long overdue.

At first glance, the separation of a single department responsible for education looks like a return to the experience of the Soviet Union, when there were also several educational departments. However, in reality, the reorganization could be required not at all because of the need to save Russian education and science, but simply in order to equally share power among all lobbyists.

Practice clearly demonstrates that in Russia all kinds of reshuffles in the Government do not have a fundamental impact on the policy pursued by the state. According to historian Yevgeny Spitsyn, in the case of the division of the Ministry of Education, there is a struggle between various groups of influence who want to gain control over certain areas of government and cash flows. There is a serious apparatus struggle, on which a large number of interests and purely political motives are tied.

Thus, in order to comply with the interests of all groups of influence, it was decided that Olga Vasilyeva, against whom a serious campaign had been conducted recently, should head the new Ministry of Education, since she was really better at working with the “school” block of secondary education, but representatives of the liberal block of influence received higher education and science at the mercy of them. The Ministry of Science and Higher Education was headed by Mikhail Kotyukov, who previously worked as the head of federal agency scientific organizations.

Mikhail Kotyukov, who headed the newly formed Ministry of Science and Higher Education, was born in 1976 in Krasnoyarsk. He received primary and secondary education in a regular comprehensive school No. 68. Then he entered the Krasnoyarsk State University graduating with a degree in Finance and Credit.

It is believed that Valery Zubov, the former dean of the Krasnoyarsk State University, who became the governor of the Krasnoyarsk region and called Mikhail to work in the regional administration before graduating from the university, gave Kotyukov a ticket to official life. After graduating from higher education, Mikhail Kotyukov received a promotion, becoming the head of the control and audit department of the Main Financial Department of the regional administration.

In 2001, Mikhail Kotyukov changed his civil service to private business, becoming the head of the financial department at OJSC Krasnoyarskagropromdorstroy. However, a year later he returned to the regional administration under the leadership of the new governor of the region Alexander Khloponin. Kotyukov was accepted as the chief specialist of the resource analysis and budget policy department of the Main Directorate of Economics and Planning. After another 2 years, Mikhail Mikhailovich sat in the chair of the deputy head of the Main Financial Department.

In 2007, after the scandalous poisoning of students at a ball for excellent students, Kotyukov was included in the list of officials who left their posts. This version was discussed by the Krasnoyarsk media, however, there was no evidence to confirm the connection between the events. Another event that could have caused Kotyukov to leave was the audit of the financial activities of the Krasnoyarsk Territory by the Accounts Chamber. As a result of the investigation, unreasonable expenses and debts to employees were discovered.

In March of the same year, Mikhail Kotyukov worked briefly in the Siberian federal university to soon return to the civil service in the regional administration.

In 2010, Kotyukov, a loyal member of Alexander Khloponin's team, moved to the capital together with his boss, becoming the head of the budget policy department in the social sphere and science of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

In 2012, Kotyukov became Deputy Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation, overseeing the financing of the social sector, including science, according to the Ros-Register portal. since 2013, Mikhail Kotyukov has become the head of the newly formed Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations (FANO).

In this position, Kotyukov was involved in the development of principles for evaluating the effectiveness of scientific institutions in Russia, as well as the inventory of property, the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Such interference in the affairs of the academy provoked a huge flow of negative criticism against Kotyukov. He was accused by academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences of excessive bureaucracy and interference in scientific affairs.

In addition to his activities as the head of FANO, Kotyukov was also involved in reforming the pension system and in the work of the Olympstroy corporation, which was engaged in the construction of facilities for the Sochi Olympics.

Thus, by the age of 41, Mikhail Kotyukov has a very extensive work list, which is replete with departures and returns of the new Minister of Education of Russia in 2018 to the public service. Whether this is good or bad, only time will tell. As the experience of the previous government shows, Kotyukov has every chance of staying in the civil service for another 6 years.

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Olga Vasilieva was born on January 13, 1960 in the city of Bugulma, Republic of Tatarstan. The girl was brought up in a religious family, so it is no coincidence that her further scientific activity always closely intertwined with religion. She was raised by her grandmother at an early age.

Olga graduated from high school at the age of fourteen, having the reputation of a young child prodigy. From childhood, the girl differed from her peers in her mental abilities and inexorable craving for knowledge. In 1979 she graduated from the conductor and choral department of the Moscow State Institute of Culture.

For the next three years she worked as a singing teacher in schools No. 578 and No. 91 in Moscow. In 1982 she entered the evening department of the history department of the Moscow State Correspondence Pedagogical Institute, from which she graduated in 1987. Then she taught national history in the senior classes of school No. 91.

From 1987 to 1990 she studied at the graduate school of the Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Upon graduation, she defended her dissertation on the topic “The Soviet state and the patriotic activity of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War”, receiving a PhD in History.

Then, for fourteen years, Vasilyeva worked at the Institute of History of the USSR Academy of Sciences. She has gone from a junior researcher to a leading researcher and head of the Center for the History of Religion and the Church of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1999 he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Historical Sciences, after successfully defending his dissertation on the topic: "The Russian Orthodox Church in the policy of the Soviet state in 1943-1948."

In 2002, Olga Yuryevna heads the Department of Religious Studies of the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation. Since 2003 he has been teaching at the Sretensky Theological Seminary. Two years later, Vasilyeva was awarded the academic title of professor. Under her able guidance, three doctoral and more than twenty-five master's theses have been prepared and defended. In 2007, her number of diplomas of higher education replenished: Olga Yuryevna graduated from the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia with a degree in International Relations.

Vasilyeva is the author of more than one hundred and sixty scientific papers. He is interested in questions from the field of politics and religion, in particular, the influence of the Church of the USSR on the state and on the course of the Great Patriotic War, the problems of religious extremism, the relationship between the Church Institute of Russia and foreign policy.

Olga Yuryevna repeatedly lectured on patriotism for members of the United Russia party, was one of the organizers of an exhibition dedicated to the Romanov dynasty. The authors of the exhibition tried to convey to the public that the Romanovs were able to “strangle” the uprisings of their enemies, and the Decembrists tried to plunge the country into “bloody turmoil”. Olga's attitude towards Stalin is interesting. In her lectures, the doctor of history said that the secretary general carried out the most important work for the unity of the nation, promoting language and literature, which, although indirectly, contributed to the victory over fascist Germany.

In February 2012, Vasilyeva was appointed to the position of Deputy Director of the Department of Culture of the Government of the Russian Federation. In early 2013, she became Deputy Head of the Office of the President of the Russian Federation for Public Projects, where she oversaw issues related to the implementation of public projects in the field of education, interacted with public associations and other structures of civil society.

Vasilyeva was also a member of the Commission on Religious Associations under the Government of Russia and the working group of the Commission under the President of the Russian Federation for the Disabled on the creation of conditions for the participation of disabled people in the cultural life of society.

In 2014, Olga Yuryevna was awarded the class rank of a real state adviser of the Russian Federation, II class. In the same year, she became a member of the working group to prepare the concept of a new educational and methodological complex for national history. Having shown herself as an experienced and competent leader, Vasilyeva was appointed to the post of Minister of Education and Science by Decree of President Vladimir Putin on August 19, 2016, becoming the first woman in Russian history to hold this post.

Olga Vasilyeva is an Honorary Professor at the Moscow State University for the Humanities and Economics. Member of the International Association for the History of Religions. He is a member of the editorial boards of the journals "Science and Religion", "State, Religion, Church in Russia and Abroad", "Historical and Religious Studies". She was a member of the Council for the Coverage of Religious Themes in the Electronic Media under the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Press, Television and Radio Broadcasting and Mass Communications.

Having headed the ministry, the official said that her main task would be to take care of the teaching staff, as well as rethink the experience of previous years. Olga Vasilyeva is going to take the best of the previous education system and supplement it with some necessary modern innovations.