Extra-curricular event for Cosmonautics Day for schoolchildren....
Many leaders, dictators and leaders of the state had both official titles and popular nicknames. Today we recall the brightest pseudonyms of the rulers.
Stalin
Iosif Dzhugashvili had many nicknames and pseudonyms, among which were: David, Koba, Vasily, Russian, Besoshvili, Soselo, Petrov, Pockmarked, Ivanov, Shepherd and, of course, the most important - Stalin. This name, according to legend, he chose together with Lenin. Dzhugashvili wanted a short, solid name. At first, he decided to call himself Stalev, but then, allegedly on the advice of Lenin, he changed to Stalin.
In this way he could present himself as Lenin's "political brother". Among the popular nicknames for Dzhugashvili, they stuck: Cockroach, Shaft with a mustache, Murderer, Yosya the Terrible.
The surname Stalin made Dzhugashvili Lenin's "political brother"
Brezhnev
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev was an extremely popular hero of folklore.
His manner of speech, incomparable eyebrows and love for orders and awards secured his nicknames: Epochal Ilyich, Battleship in the Dark, Twice Ilyich Soviet Union, Eyebrowed, Head, double-browed eagle.
Lenin
Vladimir Ulyanov himself chose the pseudonym Lenin. According to one version, it comes from the Lena River, according to another, it is associated with the use of a passport by Ulyanov in the name of Nikolai Lenin.
In total, Lenin had more than 150 pseudonyms. Among the nicknames that his associates dubbed were: Ilyich, Starik, Lukich, Petrovich. Among the people, nicknames were fixed for Lenin: Grandfather Lenin, Leader, Bald and Vovka.
Lenin had over 150 pseudonyms
Hitler and the Third Reich
As such, Hitler did not have popular nicknames, but the title “Fuhrer”, that is, “leader”, “leader”, was tightly entrenched behind him. But at the top of the Third Reich there were nicknames. So, for example, Joseph Goebbels was assigned the following names: Little Doctor, Mahatma of Propaganda, Poisonous Dwarf, Lame Devil. Hermann Goering was nicknamed the Fat Man, Rudolf Hess - Fraulein Hess, Black Emma, Fraulein Anna. Himmler was called behind his back the Weak Point, King Heinrich, Uncle Heini. But Hitler's mistress Eva Braun was nicknamed "stupid cow" by her inner circle.
Kims
The representatives of the Kim dynasty did not have nicknames. And there were only titles, moreover, laudatory ones. So, Kim Il Sung had the titles - Great Leader, Sun of the Nation, Iron All-Conquering Commander, Marshal of the Mighty Republic, Pledge of the Liberation of Humanity.
Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il
His son Kim Jong Il also had rather immodest nicknames: Grand Marshal, Center of the Party, Beloved Leader, Destiny of the Nation, Paektusan Bright Star, Father of the People. The current ruler of North Korea has fewer titles than his ancestors, but they are no less honorable: New Star, Brilliant Comrade, Genius among geniuses in military strategy.
Eva Braun was nicknamed "stupid cow" by Hitler's inner circle
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev has many popular nicknames. Among them: Mishka Govorun, Globus, Democratizer. But the most famous was, perhaps, "Lemonade Joe" - such a "title" was assigned to Gorbachev after the anti-alcohol campaign. In addition, he began to be called the "mineral secretary."
go amin
The President of Uganda, Idi Amin, had many nicknames. He chose some of them for himself, and some was appropriated to him by "third" parties. Among the latter are such names as "Big Daddy", "Village Tyrant" and "African Executioner". During the years of military service, Amin received the nickname "Dada", which means "sister".
In the tent of Private Amin, women were periodically found, whom the soldier himself called "sisters". Soon, women who passed by the barracks began to be called "Amin's sisters" by their colleagues. The dictator himself chose a long official title: His Excellency President for Life, Field Marshal Al-Haji Dr. Idi Amin, Master of all animals on earth and fish in the sea, Conqueror of the British Empire in Africa in general and in Uganda in particular, holder of the Victoria Cross , "Military Cross" and the Order of Military Merit. In addition, Amin is known as the "King of Scotland".
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
This Roman emperor went down in history under his nickname Caligula. As a child, his father took him with him to the German campaigns, where Guy wore small children's boots, similar to army boots. Because of this, he was given the nickname "Caligula", which means "boot". His full title sounded like this: Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, Great Pontiff, four times consul, emperor, endowed with the power of a tribune four times, Father of the Fatherland.
One of the titles of François Duvalier was "the great electrical exciter of souls"
Francois Duvalier
The permanent president of Haiti, François Duvalier, was also known as "Papa Doc". He chose this pseudonym for himself, knowing the tradition of the Haitians to give their rulers caustic and well-aimed nicknames. After Duvalier was proclaimed president for life, he was given the following titles: indisputable leader of the revolution, apostle of national unity, worthy heir to the founders of the Haitian nation, knight without fear or reproach, great electrical exciter of souls, big boss of commerce and industry, supreme leader of the revolution, patron of the people, leader of the third peace, benefactor of the poor, corrector of mistakes, and so on.
However, the Haitians themselves commonly referred to him as "Papa Doc". And the new Haitian anthem began with the words "Papa Doc forever." After Duvalier's death, his son Jean-Claude, who received the nickname "Baby Doc", came to power.
Choosing a name is a responsible matter. Even the most ordinary people approach this issue with enthusiasm, flipping through lists of name meanings and advice on the signs of the Zodiac. In royal families, things are much more complicated. When choosing the name of the future monarch, all relatives in different lines were taken into account. Astrologers made horoscopes, astrologers were determined by the stars ...
Often the child received the name of previous kings - according to tradition - which was assigned a serial number (to avoid confusion). Or it consisted of the names of a good half of the ancestors. And all these efforts went to waste as soon as the child became king.
And all because the good people immediately gave the king their nickname - depending on the appearance, the actions of the monarch during the reign, his habits, even mental abilities. And not always harmonious or beautiful. This is exactly what happened to two kings - Louis VI the Fat and Charles VI the Mad. But parents chose ...
The birth of a nickname
The nickname of the king could be born in the palace corridors and on city streets. A truly folk creation, it could have arisen overnight, or it could have been chosen from a dozen others, describing the qualities of the king or his appearance.
Louis VI the Fat - King of France, fifth of the Capetian dynasty. Son of King Philip I and Bertha of Holland.
Of all the nicknames of the king, one was usually left, which remained in history as official. Most likely there was not a single ruler without a nickname, just not all of them have come down to us, although they could very likely be bright and original. Be that as it may, they could all be divided according to several principles.
Appearance principle
The easiest way to earn a nickname from the people is to have something special in appearance. The first and simplest is to play with the appearance of the ruler. This is how they got their prefixes to official names:
Louis VI the Fat - it's clear why,
Frederick I Barbarossa - for a chic red beard,
Philip IV Beautiful - apparently, for beauty by those standards,
Louis-Philippe d'Orleans - "The Pear King" and a caricature of him.
Louis Philippe d'Orleans, the Pear King - the shape of the face has been the subject of many caricatures, not only because of the resemblance to a pear, the fact is that the French word la poire can mean both fruit and stupidity ...
Almost everyone knows about Louis XIV - the Sun King, and there were also Harold I Hare's Paw, Sven I Forkbeard, Richard III the Hunchback, William II Rufus (Redhead), Edward I Longshanks (Long-legged) and ... Viking King Harald II Blue Tooth.
Maybe he really had blue teeth, but, most likely, BlueTooth is a distorted Scandinavian Bletand (dark). Harald was not a typical Norwegian - he had Brown eyes and black hair.
King's Hobbies
Often the reason for assigning a nickname was what the monarch did most of all and his personal passions. William the Conqueror - fought, Enrique the Navigator - sailed the seas, Henry I the Fowler - caught birds when he received the news that he had become king.
Henry of Navarre, nicknamed "Gallant Vimes".
But the first place in terms of originality of the nickname is shared by the King of France Henry IV and the Romanian King Carol II. For his demeanor, Henry of Navarre was nicknamed the Gallant Vigor. Karol II was known as the Playboy King because of his romantic adventures.
He was married three times, the number of his girlfriends is legendary. In the end, the Romanian king completely abdicated and fled the country with an ordinary girl, leaving a Greek princess for her.
Personal qualities and generalizations
Nicknames received due to personal qualities have preserved for us the true face of their bearers. Bold warriors like Charles the Bold of Burgundy, Philip the Brave of Burgundy and Richard the Lionheart of England, or those who failed during their reign as the English King John the Landless, who lost almost all the French territories of the Plantagenets in wars.
Charles VI the Mad - King of France since 1380, from the Valois dynasty.
Character traits could also become the nickname of the king - bad or good: Pedro the Cruel Portuguese or Alfonso the Meek Aragonese, Pedro the Ceremonial Aragonese or Charles the Mad French.
The piety in the behavior of the monarch was especially noted: Louis the Pious of France, Saint Stephen of Hungary, Louis of Saint France. Far-sighted rulers were called Wise: Sancho the Wise of Navarre, Charles the Wise of France, Alfonso the Wise of Castile.
Lionheart and Humpty Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty is actually the real nickname of the English King Richard III, and not just a character in a famous poem. The history is also true. He was not loved for his ugliness, but the nickname was born after a battle in which his legs were cut off and none of the troops could come to his aid.
Richard III - King of England since 1483 from the York dynasty.
There were common nicknames - a whole series of Great, Just, Evil and Good kings: Charlemagne, Knut the Great, John the Good of France, Philip the Good of Burgundy, Karl the Evil of Navarre and others. Even the whole royal dynasty- Lazy Kings (Merovingians), for never cutting their hair.
Harold I Harepaw
The reign of this English king began in 1035 and lasted 5 years. During this time, he became famous mainly for his hunting skills and fast running, for which he was named Hare's Paw.
Edmund II Ironside
King of England since 1016, Edmund tirelessly showed courage in battles with the Danes. He was in the center of the battle so often that his subjects almost never saw him without armor. This is what made him Ironside.
John I Posthumous
Alas, the 13th King of France died just five days after ascending the throne, for which he was so named by the people. It is even sadder that he was proclaimed king on the same day that he was born.
Pepin III Short
The king of the Franks of the middle of the 8th century received the nickname for a rather prosaic reason - he was rather small in stature.
Louis XV Beloved
During one of the wars that fell on the long reign of the 65th King of France, Louis fell very ill. The people were alarmed in earnest, but when the ruler recovered, France was so pleased with his healing that she called Louis the Beloved.
Russian rulers
Our princes and kings also did not do without nicknames, deserved by them for one reason or another.
Vasily Kosoy and Vasily II the Dark
Cousins for a long time fought for the place of the Grand Duke of Moscow. In their struggle, they did not shun self-mutilation. Vasily Yuryevich was blinded by order of Vasily Vasilyevich, for which he received the nickname Oblique.
Vasily II Vasilyevich Dark - Grand Duke Moscow since 1425, the fifth son of the Grand Duke of Vladimir and Moscow Vasily I Dmitrievich and Sofia Vitovtovna.
When Vasily II himself was captured, he was overtaken by an equivalent revenge, and he, also blinded, began to be called the Dark One.
Vladimir I Red Sun
The Grand Duke who baptized Russia had many nicknames - the Holy, the Great, the Baptist. But more than others, Vladimir Svyatoslavich was given a nickname from epics - the Red Sun.
"Vladimir the Red Sun and his wife Apraksia Korolevichna". 1895. Illustration for the book "Russian epic heroes"
In folklore, he was reflected in a collective image, which was, among other things, the personification of natural phenomena.
Yury Dolgoruky
The founder of Moscow was pretty shaken in various principalities. Twice he became the Grand Duke of Kiev, fought for Pereyaslavl, he himself founded many cities in addition to Moscow.
Yuri Vladimirovich, nicknamed Dolgoruky - Prince of Rostov-Suzdal and Grand Duke of Kiev, son of Vladimir Vsevolodovich Monomakh.
He received the nickname Dolgoruky not only for his disproportionately long arms, but also for his love of annexing the lands of weaker rulers.
Prince Svyatoslav of Kiev was nicknamed Bars by his enemies. More than once he came out victorious, having a much smaller number of troops ...
Prince Yaroslav was called the Wise. Through dynastic marriages, he strengthened ties with European countries and founded a number of new cities.
Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible
Tsar Ivan IV of Moscow was called the Terrible for ferocity, and Peter I became the Great for many great and glorious deeds.
The nicknames of the kings were given according to merit. So Alexander I officially received the prefix Blessed from the Synod in 1814, Alexander II was called the Liberator, for the abolition of serfdom, and Alexander III was called the Peacemaker, for the fact that under him Russia did not wage wars.
Cinderella
Fotodom / Rex Features
The nickname migrated to school from the house where the relatives called so "affectionately" slender Arnie. In retaliation for the scoffers, Schwartz grew up, pumped up and did everyone.
Sylvester Stallone
Quasimodo
Fotodom / Rex Features
The future actor received this nickname because of a birth injury: during childbirth, doctors pulled him with forceps, which caused part of his face to become paralyzed.
George Clooney
Frankenstein
Fotodom / Rex Features
Clooney also earned his nickname due to paralysis, which suddenly hit the guy in high school. Bell's palsy is a genetic disease that Clooney inherited from his father. For about a year, Clooney walked with a paralyzed half of his face, his left eye did not open. “It was the worst time of my life,” the actor complained in an interview with The Mirror in 2003. “I was ridiculed and teased, but this test made me stronger.”
Christina Orbakaite
Pinocchio
ITAR-TASS
There is no need to explain anything here. True, having become popular, Christina nevertheless corrected her nose with the help of plastic surgery.
Leonardo DiCaprio
Brake
Fotodom / Rex Features
Or rather, Leonardo-Retardo, which can be translated as "retarded Leo." The reason is simple: low academic performance.
Johnny Depp
stinky
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Johnny came up with a nickname for himself. Mr. Stench - this is how he introduced himself at the meeting.
Dima Bilan
Squirrel
Those who know the real name of the musician will not be surprised by this nickname. "Squirrel" is a derivative of "Belan". True, now Dima Bilan has officially changed his name Victor Belan to a creative pseudonym.
Celine Dion
fanged
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Canine Dion - so teased the future singer at school. Canine, translated from French, which is the second official language in the artist’s native Canada, means “fang” or “dog” (remember Royal Canin food?). Crooked teeth inspired Dion's classmates to remake her name this way.
Julia Roberts
Frog, Hot Shorts
Nicknames Roberts transformed along with her transformation into a beautiful swan. Frog is one of the most harmless nicknames that the future "beauty" was awarded in high school. But as a high school student, Roberts blossomed and fell in love with wearing short shorts to school that drove the guys crazy.
Irina Shayk
Chunga-changa
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Yes, plump lips and dark skin, which brought Ira millions, were the subject of ridicule at school.
Victoria Beckham
Vile Wiki
Sticky Vicky - "Sticky Vicky" - the so-called classmates of Victoria Adams, the daughter of wealthy parents, who came to school with a personal driver. Little Vicki Adams was embarrassed by the wealth of her family and left the Rolls-Royce before reaching school, but even modesty (or, rather, stiffness and gloom) did not protect her from ridicule.
Ani Lorak
Rabbit
Too large front teeth of the future artist were to blame for everything.
Liv Tyler
Giraffe
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And we begin to remember the beauties who suffered in childhood because of their height. And the first on the list is the heiress of the legendary rocker Steven Tyler.
Uma Thurman
Tower
Fotodom / Rex Features
"Get the Sparrow" is about Tarantino's muse, whose height is 1.81 m.
Renata Litvinova
Ostankino tower
Renata Litvinova is of medium height, but as a child she stretched out very quickly, leaving her classmates somewhere down there. As a result, Litvinova was also called the "tower". And they even specified which one.
Many of the people because of some characteristic features get nicknames that stick to them for life. This fate has not passed famous people. Emperors, prominent historical figures, modern celebrities, athletes have nicknames, and not always harmless ...
We bring to your attention the nicknames (or as they say now - “drive”) world-famous people of all times and peoples.
Harald I Bluetooth
The king of Denmark and Norway had this nickname because of his dark teeth.
Rollon Pedestrian
That was the name of the first Duke of Normandy - a man of powerful physique and tall. Almost no horse could withstand him, so he had to walk.
Eirik I Bloodaxe
The king of Norway went down in history as a very cruel man who killed a huge number of people, among whom were his close relatives.
Constantine V Dung
The emperor of Byzantium received this nickname in infancy. During his baptism, he, frightened, pooped into the font.
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Caligula
The Roman emperor was nicknamed Caligula due to the fact that in his childhood he liked to wear boots that looked like soldiers' shoes - kaligi. Caligula means "boot".
Vsevolod big nest
The Grand Duke of Vladimir received this drive for having many children.
John the Landless or Soft Sword
This king of England had two nicknames. He was called landless, since he did not inherit any lands, and the nickname Soft Sword went to him because of numerous military defeats.
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi Dog Shogun
The Japanese emperor of the 17th century forbade the killing of domestic animals - horses, cats, dogs.
Louis Philippe I The Pear King
The king of France got this nickname because of his flabby figure.
Svyatoslav Bars
Prince Kievsky received this nickname because of his light gait.
Robert De Niro - Milky Bobby
The American actor has been very fond of milk since childhood.
Julia Roberts - Skeleton
The nickname stuck in childhood due to high growth and thinness.
Milla Jovovich - Russian spy
So the actress was teased at school because of her origin.
Elle MacPherson - The Perfect Body
Here, in my opinion, everything is clear without words.
Dima Bilan - Squirrel
The real name of the singer is Belan. Hence the school nickname.
Naomi Campbell - Black Panther
Nickname given for skin color and grace.
Irina Shayk - Chunga-Changa
The model was nicknamed for her pouty lips.
Leonardo DiCaprio - Brake
At school, the actor was very weak in thinking.
Jennifer Lopez - Guitar
Here, too, everything is clear.
Lionel Messi - Messiah, Flea
The football player received the nickname Bloch for his short stature, the Messiah - for his excellent athletic performance.
Bastian Schweinsteiger - Pig
Translated from the German "schwein" - "pig". Hence the nickname of the German football player.
Masha Malinovskaya - Amanita
According to her, at school she was very ugly.
Oleg Gazmanov - Freckled Mowgli
As a child, the singer was covered in freckles and loved to climb everywhere.
Kristina Orbakaite - Pinocchio
It's all because of her long nose.
Philip Kirkorov - Ethiopian
Many of the people, due to some characteristic features, receive nicknames that stick to them for life. This fate did not pass and famous people. Emperors, prominent historical figures, modern celebrities, athletes have nicknames, and not always harmless ...
We bring to your attention the nicknames (or as they say now - “drive”) world-famous people of all times and peoples.
Harald I Bluetooth
The king of Denmark and Norway had this nickname because of his dark teeth.
Rollon Pedestrian
That was the name of the first Duke of Normandy - a man of powerful physique and tall stature. Almost no horse could withstand him, so he had to walk.
Eirik I Bloodaxe
The king of Norway went down in history as a very cruel man who killed a huge number of people, among whom were his close relatives.
Constantine V Dung
The emperor of Byzantium received this nickname in infancy. During his baptism, he, frightened, pooped into the font.
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus Caligula
The Roman emperor was nicknamed Caligula due to the fact that in his childhood he liked to wear boots that looked like soldiers' shoes - kaligi. Caligula means "boot".
Vsevolod Big Nest
The Grand Duke of Vladimir received this drive for having many children.
John the Landless or Soft Sword
This king of England had two nicknames. He was called landless, since he did not inherit any lands, and the nickname Soft Sword went to him because of numerous military defeats.
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi Dog Shogun
The Japanese emperor of the 17th century forbade the killing of domestic animals - horses, cats, dogs.
Louis Philippe I The Pear King
The king of France got this nickname because of his flabby figure.
Svyatoslav Bars
Prince Kievsky received this nickname because of his light gait.
Robert De Niro - Milky Bobby
The American actor has been very fond of milk since childhood.
Julia Roberts - Skeleton
The nickname stuck in childhood due to high growth and thinness.
Milla Jovovich - Russian spy
So the actress was teased at school because of her origin.
Elle MacPherson - The Perfect Body
Here, in my opinion, everything is clear without words.
Dima Bilan - Squirrel
The real name of the singer is Belan. Hence the school nickname.
Naomi Campbell - Black Panther
Nickname given for skin color and grace.
Irina Shayk - Chunga-Changa
The model was nicknamed for her pouty lips.
Leonardo DiCaprio - Brake
At school, the actor was very weak in thinking.
Jennifer Lopez - Guitar
Here, too, everything is clear.
Lionel Messi - Messiah, Flea
The football player received the nickname Bloch for his short stature, the Messiah - for his excellent athletic performance.
Bastian Schweinsteiger - Pig
Translated from the German "schwein" - "pig". Hence the nickname of the German football player.
Masha Malinovskaya - Amanita
According to her, at school she was very ugly.
Oleg Gazmanov - Freckled Mowgli
As a child, the singer was covered in freckles and loved to climb everywhere.
Kristina Orbakaite - Pinocchio
It's all because of her long nose.
Philip Kirkorov - Ethiopian
For dull skin.
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