Rent Proper verb. Wrong English verbs (irregular verbs). How to remember the forms of incorrect verbs

Wrong verbs in modern english language come from verbs that are on more early stages The development of the language followed the right structure. In particular, many such verbs are derived from German strong verbs that create many flexive forms with the help of Ablaut. This phenomenon can also be observed in English on the example of the verb. sing / Sang / Sung.

Most English irregular verbs are his native words that occurred from the existing verbs of the Old Bank. Almost all verbs that were borrowed in later periods were subjected to proper muscle. There are several exceptions, for example, the verb "Catch" (catch), which occurred from StaroFronzuz cachier.whose forms were formed by analogy with native verb teach..

Most of the wrong verbs exist in the form of the remnants of the past, as a prototype of the historically established system of the conjugation. When some grammatical rules began to change or get out of use, individual verbs have retained their old forms. For example, before the great shift of vowel verb keep. (previously uttered as kehp.) belonged to the group of verbs, whose vowels were reduced last time. This pattern is maintained today at the same verb kEPT. (just like the verbs cREPT, WEPT, LEAPT, LEFT). Such verbs as peep.which have a similar form, but arose later than the great shift of vowels, take the end -ed.

New verbs, including borrowing from other languages, as well as nouns, which began to be used as verbs, such as "To Facebook"- subject to correct change until they become part of already existing irregular verb, for example "to housesit" (from sIT.) → housesat. .

Today there is a tendency to reduce the number of incorrect verbs, because most of them takes the form of the right verbs, undergoing standard solving (for example, verb chide Once who had in the past time chid., later acquired the right form childed). Many verbs have double forms, both of which exist in parallel: spelt / Spelled, Dreamt / Dreamed.

In some English dialects, irregular forms of verbs can be used (outdated forms), which in the generally accepted version of English are hidden by general rule.

Below is presented list of incorrect verbsThis list does not include easily recognizable verb derivatives (formed using prefixes from basic incorrect verbs), for example: go → Forego, Outgo, except for having features in formation and / or differences in use.

Verb - This is an independent part of speech that answers questions what to do?, What to do? (be learn, dream, go ...)

By the method of education for the forms of last time (V2) and the sacrifices of the past time (v3), all verbs of English are divided into 2 groups: the correct (regular verbs) and irregular verbs (Irregular Verbs).

English verb has three forms. The forms of the verb are denoted by Roman numbers I, II, III.

I form (or infinitive without to), for example: to make (do) - make - the first, or the main form that answers the question of what to do?, What to do? Using the first form of the verb, simple present is formed ( Present Simple. TENSE). When forming Present Simple Tense to the form of the verb in 3 face single number (He, she, it - he, she, IT) is added by the end -S. or -es. (He Jumpes, She Jumpes, It Jumpes, He Cries, She Cries, IT Cries, He Does, She Does, It Does). With the rest of the pronsections (I, we, you, you, they - I, We, You, You, They) I, the form of the verb is used without changes.

II Form It serves to form a simple last time (Past Simple Tense). When forming a simple last time, both the correct and correct verbs are used. Proper verbs form II and III forms by adding to the form of the form of suffix - ED. (Jump - Jumped - Jump - Jumping) . If the verb is not correct, then its last time form corresponds to the second column in the table of the wrong verbs (BE - WAS / WERE, DO - DID, MAKE - MADE).

III form - Communion II (Participle II) is a special form of verb, which means a sign of the subject by action and answers the adjective questions (lost, baked, made). The right verbs of the III form coincides with II: JUMP (I) - Jumped (II) - Jumped (III) (jumping - jumped - jumped). II and III form of irregular verbs can be formed in various ways specified below.

Right verbs

Proper verbs form II and III forms by adding to the form of the form of suffix - ED (- D),which is pronounced as:

• [ d.] After vowels and ring consonants: to Clean (cleaned) - Cleaned (cleaned); To Play (Play) - Played (Played);
• [ t.] After the deaf: to work (work) - Worked (worked), To Look (Watch) - Looked (watched);
• after [d]and [t]: to Want - Wanted (I wanted), To Mend (Replace) - Mended (Chinyl).

When forming II and III, verb shapes pay attention to the following orphography rules:

• If i form is a short root syllable and ends on one consonant, then when adding the end - ED.the latest vowel root doubles: to stop (stop) - STO pPED (has stopped).
• -in front of which it is consonant, the letter y is changing to I:to Carry - Carried (carried), to Study - Studied (studied). But if the base of the verb ends on -before which is worth a vowel, then the verb is simply added - eD: to Play (Play) - Played (Played), To Stay (stay) - Stayed.
• If the base of the verb ends on -Ewhich is not pronounced, then II and III forms of verb are formed by adding the end - d:to Arrive - Arrived (Arrived).

Irregular Verbs

Irregular Verbs - These are verbs that have special, fixed forms of the past time and communion, their forms do not have a clear algorithm for education and are absorbed by memorizing: to make (do) - Made - Made (Made). Most English incorrect verbs are invalid English derived from the verbs that existed in ancient-English language. Most of the wrong verbs exist as the remnants of historical systems of hiding (changing the verb on persons - I go, you go, he goes ...).

Incorrect verbs are used to educate the last simple (PAST SIMPLE), which has been perfect (Past Perfect), in a passive pledge (Passive Voice), when converting direct speech to indirect (REPORTED SPEECH), in conditional sentences ( Conditional sentences).

table of irregular verbs

How to remember the forms of incorrect verbs?