From internal pipelines, drains are transported by external ...
Reinforced concrete floors are the most reliable and durable, therefore, they are widely used in civil engineering.
Currently, the following types of reinforced concrete plates are produced:
1. Overlaps with round voids
2. Ceilings with vertical voids
3. Overlapping with oval voids (economical, but time consuming)
4. Tent
5. Overlap ribbed
Multi-hollow reinforced concrete slabs are laid on bearing walls over the solution layer. The seams between the floor slabs are covered with cement mortar M100 or heavy concrete, forming a hard monolithic disk of overlap.
To ensure spatial rigidity, the plates are anchored with the outer walls and with each other.
Floor slabs rest on a brick wall to a value of 100 ... 200 mm. On a wall built of blocks, floor slabs are supported by 120 mm.
1.5.3 Features of structural solutions of floors
Design Features
Interfloor ceilings with plank flooring
Overlappings in bathrooms
Linoleum floor slab
Basement Overlap
Attic floor
Screed - a layer used to level the surface of the underlying layer or to create the desired slope. Material: cement-sand mortar, asphalt, gypsum concrete, fine-grained concrete, expanded clay, self-leveling screed, polylix solution, ceresit c№72 (with rigid insulation) 110 mm thick.
Insulation (thickness is taken from the heat engineering calculation):
bulk material (expanded clay, slag)
plate (gas silicate, mineral wool plates “Isover”, “Park”, fiberglass URSA, expanded polystyrene)
Vapor barrier - under the insulation layer it is used to protect it from vapors and condensate (“Polymix GS” 2-3 layers, “Autocrin” mastic, glassine P-300, P-350, roofing material RKP-350, roofing material G-ПХ_БЭ_ПП / ПП-3, 0, bicrost ST-200). Stacked from the side of a warm room.
1.5.4 Design of suspended ceilings
Suspended ceiling - element interior decoration public and residential buildings.
The use of suspended ceilings is necessary to hide the engineering networks and equipment located under the ceiling, to improve the acoustic quality of the room, the decorative properties of the room, etc.
The main elements of suspended ceilings:
bearing part;
front element.
The bearing part consists of a frame, suspensions, mounting and regulation parts.
Depending on the purpose of the room, suspended ceilings are designed in 2 types: pass-through passageways.
Suspended ceilings Accepted in buildings with large spans, covered with trusses at an accessible height for passage of inter-truss space.
According to the geometric pattern of the farm, they distinguish:
On farms stacked ribbed coating slabs.
False ceiling design
Impassable suspended ceilings used in residential and public buildings with a small height of the premises. The ceilings are suspended below the ceiling 250-450mm, the suspension spacing is 1200-1500mm. For lighter pitch 2000-2200 mm. Pendants are made of galvanized steel and can be flexible and rigid.
False ceilings are also used, in which there are no pendants and the front element is located 250 mm from the coating panel.
Stretch ceiling They are a thin film or fabric stretched onto a special frame called a “baguette”, which is fixed either on the base ceiling or along the perimeter of the walls under the ceiling. The ceiling surface is perfectly flat and looks like a solid ceiling.
Advantages of a stretch ceiling:
Hiding irregularities in the base ceiling;
Hiding in the inter-ceiling space of insulating or acoustic materials;
Moisture resistance, chemical resistance;
Convenience of dismantle;
The device in the premises of any configuration, under any inclination (the creation of arches, tents, etc.)
The distance from the base ceiling is arbitrary, allows you to install built-in lights; minimum distance 25 ... 30 mm. The thickness of the PVC film is 0.15 ... 0.35 mm, the width is 1.3 ... 2.2 m. The joints are welded.
Stretch ceilings are mounted around the perimeter to the walls, and sometimes to the main ceiling, at a selected height using a fixing and suspension device, specially designed for this purpose and equipped with a control lock.
The main element of a stretch ceiling is baguette - fixing profile. The main function of the baguette is to secure the stretch ceiling with maintaining its tension. The perimeter baguette consists of a PVC profile or aluminum profile.
The baguette is equipped with a pressure compensation system that provides good ventilation of the inter-ceiling space (with the exception of aluminum profiles). Air regulators allow you to maintain a good microclimate under the ceiling.
Plastic wall baguette with pad Ceiling baguette with pad
1 - stretch ceiling; 1 - stretch ceiling;
2 - ventilation openings; 2 - harpoon;
3 - pad 3 - pad
For fixing the stretch ceiling canvas to the baguette harpoon - This is a semi-rigid profile that is welded around the perimeter of the ceiling.
Stretch ceilings are easily dismantled using a special trowel for installation.
The presented designs are mounted from reinforced concrete slabs, which are manufactured at specialized factories. They are a type of floor that does not contain beams. Plates or panels in this case are stacked tightly to each other, and the gaps between them are then closed.
In this form, they bear all the burden placed on them. At the same time, during laying, the level of the plates must be strictly observed. You can connect the plates to each other using steel anchors. They are fixed in special metal hinges.
Since they are manufactured in the factory, and only then brought to construction site and they are mounted there, this greatly facilitates the work of builders who do not have to fill in such plates directly at the construction site. Moreover, they often have a higher quality than those prepared directly at the construction site.
Prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs are usually made with cylindrical voids inside, and can be represented as solid panels. The first type of floor is poured from a mixture of lightweight concrete, and the second is a block with a large number of round holes that make the slabs easier.
They are made taking into account the bearing capacity of the overlap, as well as depending on the desired span. It is best in private construction to use these types of structures in brick houses. And speaking more concretely, then such plates overlap a basement or basement floor.
Prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs - pros and cons
Such types of structures have an undoubted advantage: they are not afraid of moisture and moisture, therefore they do not rot and do not give in to corrosion. Moreover, after laying the floor it is very simple to engage in its decoration. At the same time, the installation requires a minimum amount of time, and there is no need to wait for the shrinkage of the plates, so finishing work can be done immediately.
It is also necessary to pay attention to the relatively cheap cost of reinforced concrete slabs, because for their manufacture expensive materials are not needed. In addition, concrete is not subject to burning and deformation. Another advantage is the qualitative variety of design in thickness, shape and size.
However, these reinforced concrete structures also have their drawbacks - for example, the need for special lifting equipment for installation, since the slabs are quite heavy. Naturally, in this case, additional means of transportation are required. It is still necessary to calculate the capabilities of the bearing walls in order to prevent their destruction under the weight of the ceiling.
Reinforced concrete prefabricated slab floors - types of frame in slabs
As for the variety of designs, the reinforced concrete prefabricated slab floors can be welded or knitted. The fact is that to reinforce the strength of the plate, metal reinforcement is used, which is fastened together in several ways.
Welded are usually made by welding the frame from reinforcing bars. To do this, use point or arc technology. The best option is still a contact point, in which a semi-automatic welding method is used, and the quality of the process is constantly monitored. Moreover, both horizontal and vertical reinforcement rods are used.
Knitted frame is a more complex option. For its assembly, already bent rods are used, which are connected together by a soft, but strong wire.
Reinforced concrete overlap usually has a thickness of 6 to 10 cm, and the size of their area may be different, depending on the size of the span. All these parameters should be determined at the project stage, correctly calculating the load on the foundation and supporting structures.
Company "Reinforced Concrete Plates" produces prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs at competitive prices in Moscow, according to established standards and on order. They come in a certain type and size, so when you create a plan for any concrete structure that uses prefabricated floor slabs, you need to consider their type and standard dimensions. Prefabricated floors have greater advantages than monolithic:
Quick installation;
. the ability to install in any weather conditions;
. lower cost (10-15%).
Features of precast reinforced concrete floor slabs.
The disadvantage of prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs (as well as other concrete products) is their rather high weight, which significantly limits the scope of their application in construction. The thickness of the reinforced concrete slabs used to overlap floors varies from 140 to 220 mm, and the length depends on the span (up to 9 m). Precast concrete floors are divided into 3 types:
. solid (inside without voids);
. hollow (have longitudinal parallel voids inside, most often round, less often of a different shape, thickness - 220 mm);
. tent (look like a tray with edges up or down, thickness - 140-160 mm).
Solid (solid) reinforced concrete precast slabs are highly durable. They are added to the plan for the construction of high-rise buildings in order to create floors between floors. Their disadvantage is smaller compared to hollow plates sound and heat insulation. Another distinguishing feature is their very high weight.
Hollow concrete slabs are the most common prefabricated slabs in construction. They have very good insulating properties. Due to the peculiarities of their design, such plates greatly ease the pressure on the foundation and load-bearing walls of the building.
Why it is worth ordering reinforced concrete prefabricated floor slabs at our factory:
Production is carried out according to all criteria and standards of GOST.
- 100% guarantee of the quality of products, which is confirmed by all necessary certificates.
- We cooperate taking into account the individual characteristics of each customer.
- Reasonable prices, thanks to our own production.
- Prompt and careful delivery of our products throughout Russia.
Reinforced concrete structures remain in demand for many years. Thanks to the combination of concrete and iron reinforcement, they perfectly withstand any load during the construction of structures of various heights, number of storeys and architectural configuration. Of the entire assortment of reinforced concrete products, reinforced concrete slabs that provide spatial rigidity, durability and durability to a frame of any structure are especially popular.
Parastack Beton offers a wide range of products, as well as the opportunity to buy reinforced concrete slabs in Moscow on the most favorable conditions. Thanks to the presence of two factories equipped with modern equipment, we are able to fulfill any required volume with minimum time.
Reinforced concrete plates in a large assortment
Our company is able to provide the necessary materials for both small and large-scale construction. You can order plates of any kind, size and with the characteristics you need from us. We offer:
- floor slabs;
- road;
- for balconies and loggias;
- for trays;
- hollow, lightweight slabs of high strength;
- plates - shells;
- TT plates.
When ordering products from us, you can be sure that each concrete product plate is made in accordance with the current GOST standard, since production is carried out with constant monitoring of compliance with the technology. We offer reinforced concrete products for structures of any type, both single-story and multi-story.
For the manufacture of parts, concrete of proven grades is used, reinforced with steel of class A-I - A-V or K7 rope, due to which all products have the highest possible characteristics.
Reasonable prices - an advantageous offer from Parastack Concrete
Reinforced Concrete Slabs at the price of the manufacturer - this is the best solution for full-scale construction. By purchasing materials directly from the factory, you are guaranteed to get lower prices than from intermediaries. We set only the minimum margin, so the cost always remains within the available limits. The calculation of each batch and individual product is made individually in each case. In this case, the following parameters are taken into account:
- what type of concrete plate will be;
- required characteristics;
- order quantity;
- type of product.
Buy reinforced concrete slabs at Parastack Concrete - a decision in favor of profitability and confidence in quality!
Advantages of our products
The production of reinforced concrete slabs is carried out in accordance with modern standards and quality standards, so that all parts are endowed with a maximum service life. By purchasing any type of slabs at Parastack Beton, each client receives a guarantee for the entire volume of material. Reinforced concrete slabs made at our factories have a number of significant advantages:
- the cost of reinforced concrete slabs is ideally combined with quality. Since this material is made of reinforced concrete, it is characterized by maximum durability, strength and fire safety. Moreover, thanks to production technology, its price remains affordable;
- differ in high bearing capacity, which provides rigidity and stability during deformation;
- possess high rates of sound and thermal insulation;
- perfectly combined with various building materials.
Profitable cooperation!
"Parastack Concrete" is the confidence that you will receive high-quality products within clearly agreed terms, regardless of the scope of supply. At the same time, you can order from us not only typical products, but also non-standard plate options that we will manufacture according to your drawings or drawings of our designers. Cooperation with us is:
- wide range of reinforced concrete products;
- the most favorable prices;
- deadlines;
- high quality and full compliance with GOST;
- warranty.
We provide timely delivery in Moscow, as well as throughout Russia. To buy reinforced concrete slabs at Parastack Beton is the choice in favor of confidence, European quality and reliability of all products.
Our company has extensive experience in the development of working drawings and the production of basement panels.
For more specific information, contact the technical department of Parastack Beton LLC: +7 495 354 11 29
The use of scientific and technological innovations is especially noticeable in construction - constructions appear in different areas of the planet, the construction of which would have been unthinkable some time ago.
New materials, new machines and tools allow you to build faster, higher, more reliable. But there are elements in building technology that do not lose relevance for a very long time. Such is a reinforced concrete slab - the principle was invented a century and a half ago, but the most futuristic projects cannot do without it.
1867 patent
Many people know the story of the French gardener Joseph Monier, who strengthened the thin-walled concrete barrel he made with a frame of metal rods and covered it with a layer cement mortar. The resulting monolithic product had properties unattainable for other materials. Monier has patented in various countries methods of manufacturing various designs from reinforced concrete, including the offer of a reinforced concrete slab for walls and partitions. 
Professional builders made their amendments to the inventor's designs: he placed the reinforcement exactly in the middle of the concrete layer, and calculations showed that the location of the reinforcing cage should be selected based on the specific situation, taking into account the loads acting on this structural unit. So, it is more logical to reinforce horizontal reinforced concrete slabs, placing the rods closer to the lower plane of the slab, where the greatest tensile forces are.
Technology improvement
Today reinforced concrete is given the properties necessary for the most exclusive situations. Power elements - reinforcing cages - can be spatial and flat, pre-stressed (string, beam) reinforced concrete with improved structural qualities has appeared. Various concrete additives slow down or accelerate setting and gaining strength. Reinforced concrete is widely used in the construction of both unique, single objects and mass, economical buildings.
Manufacturability, strength, durability, moisture, bio and fire resistance, economy - these advantages will determine the use of reinforced concrete in the future. Monolithic reinforced concrete slabs or made for prefabricated housing construction will be in demand for a very long time, because, among other things, consisting of natural components, these structures are environmentally friendly and easy to recycle and reuse.
Types of reinforced concrete slabs
At the place of application, foundation, road and floor slabs are distinguished. Such a product can be manufactured in the factory, then delivered to the construction site and mounted. Most often, a reinforced concrete slab, like other products of prefabricated housing construction, is fixed by welding by means of embedded metal parts.
The stove can be made locally. A monolithic slab, both foundation and for the installation of floor coverings and roof coverings, is especially often used in objects of non-standard architecture or where it is difficult to use cranes necessary for the installation of precast concrete products. A sufficient number of devices (including formwork) are offered on the market that make this process available for independent construction.
Floating foundation
This construction of the base for the building is not the cheapest option, but often the most logical. A monolithic reinforced concrete slab, repeating in plan the outline of all the outer walls of the first floor, is often called a floating foundation. This means that the load from individual parts of the building is transferred to the soil base evenly, the slab works as a single element, it is not subject to deformation due to heaving soil, a large depth of freezing or a high location of groundwater. Of course, this is all true for a foundation slab made with proper quality. 
An important and quite costly from all points of view stage of the construction of such a foundation is the preparation of a sand base, on which the slab will be cast. It is necessary to carry out a certain amount of earthwork, fill up and compact the sand - spilling it with water or tamping.
Foundation plate installation
The bottom layer is usually a rolled geotextile, which prevents the solution from seeping into the ground. Then a concrete leveling preparation for waterproofing is done. After the hardening of this layer, rolled waterproofing rolls with overlap and gluing. 
Reinforcement is a device of two interconnected mesh layers. The reinforcement bars of the lower layer are installed in special clamps so that it is recessed into the concrete layer. Concreting is conveniently carried out directly from the mixer on the tray, concrete pump, etc. After the set period of the set of strength, the reinforced concrete slab foundation is ready for the construction of the house.
Monolithic floor slab
IN low-rise construction such a floor slab, cast in the formwork in place, is used very often. There are specific prerequisites for this. In addition to the positive qualities common to reinforced concrete - strength, fire resistance, uniform distribution of perceived loads - there are specific advantages when choosing this technology. The main ones are the lack of need for heavy construction equipment and the ability to arrange any type of ceiling in plan.
It is better to entrust the calculation of the required plate thickness and the scheme of its reinforcement to specialists. In other cases, you need to know the following. The slab is made no thinner than 150 mm, while the thickness of the slab is determined based on the length of the overlapping opening, in the range of ratios 1:30 - 1:35. When reinforcing, it is necessary to remember about strengthening the edge of the plate with U-shaped and L-shaped staples.
Technology features
There are many reusable formwork options for monolithic floors on the market. But buying it for an amateur builder is too expensive. Although there are opportunities to rent such professional equipment for rent, and this would be the best option - a guarantee of the speed and quality of the flooring device. In any case, it is much more convenient to use as a support than boards or bars, because it is very important to put the formwork on the level.
Concreting must be carried out in one go, with compaction and vibration of the mixture. The first three days should be moistened with concrete by spraying to avoid cracks from uneven drying.
Precast Concrete
The construction of buildings from reinforced concrete products manufactured on special factory lines is considered the most suitable for mass multi-story housing construction. But for small-sized cottages, prefabricated floor slabs are quite a suitable option. Reinforced concrete prefabricated slabs are a cheaper option for overlapping, they can be mounted in any weather, and the installation speed is much higher. 
The use of prefabricated ceilings is made difficult by the large weight that reinforced concrete slabs have. Their dimensions are standard - this should be taken into account at the design stage. Another problem is the need to use a crane even for a small floor area.
Types of prefabricated floor slabs
Solid, full-bodied plates are used for special structures and assemblies: as additional elements or for arranging channels for laying communications. They are distinguished by high strength and high weight.
Plates having round or arch-shaped longitudinal voids are lighter and have better sound and heat insulating characteristics. Multi-hollow reinforced concrete slabs are the most used type of products for prefabricated floors. They are used for buildings with a reinforced concrete frame, panel housing construction, brick walls etc. Voids can be used for laying cables of various purposes - electrical, low-current.
The third type is ribbed or hipped, often used in industrial construction to cover large spans. The thickness of the floor slab excluding power ribs is 140-160 mm.
For the production of floor slabs, prestressed reinforcement is used, which makes their strength indicators similar to those of monolithic reinforced concrete floors.
Standard plate sizes
The use of prefabricated hollow flooring should be provided even at the stage of designing the future home. The standard dimensions of the plates can be a determining factor in the development of the layout of the future home. Overlapping, which will require slabs of non-standard shapes or sizes, may be too costly.
Therefore, the design should provide for the use of standard formats: the plate thickness is 220 mm, the width is 1, 1.2 and 1.5 m, and the length is from 2.4 to 9 m, a multiple of 100 mm.
Methods for the production of floor slabs
In the manufacture of multi-hollow boards, two main methods are used. One is more traditional, using reusable formwork forms for the manufacture of slabs of an unchanged, specified standard size. After installing the reinforcement and the elements forming the voids, the mold is filled with concrete mixture and warmed up in order to accelerate the process of concrete hardening and building strength. Reinforced concrete slabs obtained in this way are required by GOST 9561-91 to be marked with the letters PC. 
With another - more progressive - the plate is stretched on the stands, on the heated track in the form of a continuous tape 100-200 m long using a special molding machine. Pre-stressed reinforcement has the form of stretched required section. When the mixture reaches a certain degree of strength, the tape is cut with a diamond tool into sections of the desired length and even at the required angle. It turns out reinforced concrete slabs, the price of which is 20% lower than that of conventional products - cassette - production method. Such plates are marked with PB symbols.
Designations of hollow core slabs have several alphanumeric groups of characters. They mean the type, length and width in decimeters, the design load (in kPa), the type and class of reinforcement. Example: PK 63-12-8- AtV - a plate with round voids 63 dm long, 12 dm wide, permissible load - 800 kg per m 2, AtV - type of prestressed reinforcement.
Installation of prefabricated plates
The quality of prefabricated floors from hollow core slabs directly depends on the correct preparation for installation, on the thorough and accurate process of installing slabs with constant monitoring of the process using a measuring tool.
The reliability of the structure can be ensured only if the site of supporting the plate on the walls or columns is correctly executed. The optimal depth of such abutment is selected based on the wall structure, the material from which the supporting structures are made. For example, on metal beams, 70 mm of support of the plate is enough, on reinforced concrete crossbars - 75 mm, on a wall of brick - 90 mm.
For walls where low-load-bearing elements such as light concrete blocks, gas silicate or polymer concrete panels are used, most often professionals recommend creating reinforcements in the form of reinforced concrete armored belts on top of which floor slabs will rest.
The professionalism of builders is clearly expressed during the installation of prefabricated floors. If the fastening of floor slabs by welding embedded parts between themselves occurs using not unitary parts, but random reinforcement waste, you should beware, the risk of destruction of the entire building structure is too great.
Road plates
A product called a slab is a box with overall dimensionsin which the thickness is much less than the length or width. This fully applies to road slabs. They are used for paving roads or aerodrome runways. Such a coating can be permanent or temporary, that is, these plates can be used several times, and this is one of the advantages of the technology. The calculation of the reinforced concrete slab is carried out based on the scope, the planned load on the coating and the period of operation. 
When laying road slabs, it is very important to qualitatively perform the necessary foundation preparation - usually these are layers of crushed stone and gravel, as well as a sand cushion of the required thickness and density.
There are road and airfield plates for permanent and temporary coverage. They differ in the thickness of the product and the type of reinforcement used in its manufacture. All these data are reflected in the markings applied to the plates.
Example: 1P30.18-30AV - reinforced concrete slabs, dimensions - 3000x1750 mm, for permanent coating (2P - for temporary), designed for a vehicle weighing 30 tons, reinforcing steel of class AB is used.
Right choice
A well-designed design stage will help you choose the right option for the construction of the foundation, walls, floors or pavement of roads and runways. Modern factories of reinforced concrete products offer a wide selection of finished parts for the most specific tasks of the construction process.
To purchase reinforced concrete slabs, the price of which will be quite reasonable, and the quality - to meet the norms and standards, the matter is quite real.
