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Yarile, as the god of death and resurrection

A young sheep was sacrificed, the blood of which was sprinkled on the arable land in order to make the harvest plentiful.

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Slavic god Svarog

One of the main gods in the Slavic pantheon. Svarog is the god of fire.

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One of the main gods in the Slavic pantheon. "Svarga" in Sanskrit - sky, vault of heaven, "var" - fire, heat. All Slavic derivatives come from here - cook, bungle, top, etc. Svarog was considered the god of Heaven, the mother of life (“Sva” is the mother of the Indo-Europeans). At a later time, Svarog changed his gender.

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According to Ditmar (died in 1018), the pagan Slavs honored Svarog more than other gods; some recognized him as one being with Redigast and presented him as the master of wars. In the myths of the white peoples, God forges with a hammer - he creates the world, carving lightning and sparks, for everyone he has one or another relation to fire.

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Among the Baltic Slavs, Svarozhich (otherwise called Radgost) was revered in the cult center of the redaria Retre-Radgoste as one of the main gods, whose attributes were a horse and spears, as well as a huge boar, according to legend, coming out of the sea. Among Czechs, Slovaks and Ukrainians, the fiery spirit of Rarog can be associated with Svarog.

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Svarog - the old sun riding in a chariot, cold and dark

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Horse

Khors is the god of the sun. Horse, chorus, brushwood, cross, cross, flint, spark, round dance, horo, colo, wheel, brace, stake, carols, circle, blood, red - all these words are related to each other and denote concepts associated with fire, circle, in red. If we merge them into one, we will see the image of the sun, described allegorically.

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The Slavs celebrated the beginning of the new year on December 22 - the day of the winter solstice. It was believed that on this day a small bright sun is born in the form of a boy - Khors. The new sun completed the course of the old sun (of the old year) and opened the course next year. While the sun is still weak, the earth is dominated by night and cold inherited from the old year, but every day the Great Horse (as mentioned in the "Tale of Igor's Campaign") grows, and the sun grows stronger.

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Our ancestors celebrated the solstice with carols, wore Kolovrat (an eight-pointed star) on a pole - the sun, put on the masks of totem animals that were associated in the minds of people with the images of the ancient gods: the bear - Veles, the cow - Makosh, the goat - the cheerful and at the same time evil hypostasis of Veles , the horse is the sun, the swan is Lada, the duck is Rozhanitsa (the progenitor of the world), the rooster is a symbol of time, sunrise and sunset, and so on.

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On the mountain they burned a wheel tied with straw, as if helping the sun to shine, then sledding, skating, skiing, snowball fights, fists and wall-to-wall fights, songs, dances, competitions, games began. People went to visit each other, everyone tried to better treat those who came, so that in the new year there would be abundance in the house.

Slide 17

Severe northern Russia loved valiant fun. Forced to live and work in difficult conditions, our ancestors until the twentieth century were known as cheerful and hospitable people who knew how to relax. Khors is a male deity, embodying the desire of boys and adult husbands for knowledge, spiritual growth, self-improvement, to overcome the difficulties encountered in life and find the right solutions.

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Dazhdbog - god of fertility

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Dazhdbog, give, rain - words of the same root, meaning "share, distribute." Dazhdbog sent people not only rain, but also the sun, which saturates the earth with light and warmth. Dazhdbog is an autumn sky with clouds, rains, thunderstorms, and sometimes hail. September 22 - autumn equinox, the holiday of Rod and Rozhanitsy, the day of Dazhdbog and Mokosh.

Slide 20

The entire crop has been harvested, the last collections are being made in gardens and orchards. All residents of a village or city go out into nature, light a fire, roll a burning wheel - the sun onto a mountain, dance round dances with songs, play pre-wedding and ritual games. Then tables are taken out onto the main street, the best food is placed on them, and a common family feast begins. Neighbors and relatives taste the food prepared by others, praise, all together glorify the Sun, the earth and Mother Russia.

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Dazhdbozh's (solar) grandchildren - this is how the Rusichi called themselves. Symbolic signs of the sun (solar rosettes, solstice) were present everywhere among our ancestors - on clothes, dishes, in decorating houses. Every Russian man is obliged to create a large family - a clan, feed, raise, raise children and become a Dazhdbog. This is his duty, glory, truth. Behind each of us are countless ancestors - our roots, and everyone must give life to branches - descendants.

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Veles - the owner of the Wild

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The patron of livestock and wealth, the embodiment of gold, the trustee of merchants, cattle breeders, hunters and tillers, the owner of magic and the secret, the ruler of crossroads, the Navi god. All lower spirits obeyed him. The island of Buyan became the magical abode of Veles. Basically, Veles was engaged in earthly affairs, because he was revered as the lord of forests, animals, the god of poetry and prosperity.

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Veles is the keeper of gray antiquity and silent bones of ancestors. The last night of October is the day of commemoration of grandfathers (in the West - Halloween). On this day, the Russians saw off with bonfires and the music of bagpipes and pipes the spirits of nature and relatives who died during the year under the snow.

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Perun - god of thunder and lightning

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Perun is the god of thunder and lightning, the patron saint of warriors. According to the Slavs, Perun appeared with his lightning on warm days of spring, fertilized the earth with rains and brought out a clear sun from behind the scattered clouds. His creative power awakened nature to life, and he, as it were, created the World again. Hence Perun is a producer, a creator. At the same time, Perun is a formidable and punishing deity; his appearance excites fear and trembling. Perun was the supreme deity of the pantheon of Prince Vladimir as the patron of the ruling military elite, the prince and the squad, punishing for non-compliance with the laws.

Slide 27

Although Perun was related to the cold (he was born in the first month of winter), the Days of Perun - his time - began on June 20 and ended in early August. At this time, the Russians celebrated feasts for the soldiers who fell in battle - they gathered on mounds and red mountains, arranged feasts, military fun, measured their strength among themselves in running, throwing weapons, swimming, horse racing. They killed a bull bought on a bargain, roasted and ate it, drank honey and kvass. They conducted initiations of young guys, who had to pass serious tests, into warriors and gird themselves with weapons of the Family.

Slide 28

Our ancestors always had many external enemies, there were constant wars. The shield and sword were revered as a symbol of Perun, his gift to a man. Weapons were worshiped and idolized. But not only men went into mortal combat. Often, among the dead Russians on the battlefield, the enemies were surprised to find women fighting with their husbands shoulder to shoulder. They were also patronized by the golden-whiskered Perun.

A series of presentations "Slavic gods and deities". Presentations made by students for the lesson. Don't judge too harshly! The 6th graders did their best!

"Presentation of Yarilo"

Slavic god of joyful light, spring and warmth Yarilo.

His name, derived from the word "yar", has several meanings:

1) piercing spring light and warmth;

2) young, impetuous and uncontrollable force;

3) passion and fertility.

Every year, April among the Slavs began with the spring holidays of the revival of life.

In the villages of the Slavs, a young red-haired rider on a white horse appeared. He was dressed in a white robe, with a wreath of spring flowers on his head, he held ears of rye in his left hand, urged his horse with his bare feet.

Yarilo is the spring sun.

Yarilo is not only the God of fertility, spring and resurgent life, but also one of the faces of the Sun.

It is he who is greeted with the advent of Maslenitsa and seen off with the advent of the summer holiday of Kupala.

Where he steps with his bare feet, plants immediately begin to rise and flowers bloom.

The symbol of Yarila is a shield (a shield is an ancient symbol of the sun).

Yarila Day

Yarila Day falls on March 21-22 or the Spring Equinox Day. On this day, when they say goodbye to winter and burn the effigy of Marena, they greet Yarila.

Then, on Kupala, they burn the effigy of Yarila and greet Kupala.

Games in honor of Yarila in March were called Yaril, Yarilka, Yarilin's games, Yaril's festivities.

The connection between man and the gods

Yarilo is a connection between a person and the Gods, a flow of ascending energy from us upwards. Yarilo collects all human information and carries it further along the ascending streams to heaven. That is why you can’t hide anywhere from the luminous gaze of Yarila, you can’t hide any lie in any darkest corner of your soul. He sees everything, hears everything, collects everything and transmits it further along the divine fluids, until all spatial information reaches the polytheism of the Slavic world of the Gods.

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Zhelya

Goddess Jelly

• Jelly appears in our world in its true form - beautiful girl, always dressed in black mourning clothes: a dress to the very ground, girded with a black ribbon, a black cape on her shoulders, and a black scarf tightly covers her head. Zhelya's hair color no one knows, but everyone knows the color of her eyes - they are brown and very deep, attractive, if you look closely into them. Zhelya is doomed to celibacy for all eternity, which is why the look of her deep brown eyes becomes even more mournful, and the tears almost never dry up. Those who have heard Zheli's voice (and sometimes the goddess sings along to mournful songs at funerals) claim that this voice is low, slightly hoarse and somehow uniquely sad.

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"Belobog Ivanov 6 A"

Slavic god Belobog

Ivanova Alexey 6 a

Good God Belobog

The ancient Slavs had many gods, and they were all divided into three main groups: good, evil, and the spirits of nature and the elements. Belobog is one of the good gods, who symbolized warm radiance, happiness, joy, a pleasant sense of justice, enjoyment of life's blessings, etc. The Belobog Temple, like many other temples, as a rule, was built on the top of the highest hill so that it was as close to the sun as possible. The walls were decorated with decorative silver and gold products, and they were arranged so that they reflected the rays of the sun and moon, so that not a single shadow penetrated the temple of goodness, light and sun.

Bright old man, bringing good luck and light

Belobog, like many other Slavic gods, had many names: Belbog or Belun. Especially Belobog was revered in the present territory of Belarus. He was depicted as a gray-haired old man with a long white beard, who, with his kind word and right advice, helped travelers who got lost in the forest. With his appearance, he resembled an old sorcerer, who at that time often traveled the world in search of answers to their questions.

Respect for Belobog has been instilled among Belarusians since ancient times, even in folklore, and among the people there is even a saying “It’s like making friends with Belun” - when a person is happy and good, and vice versa, when everything is bad, they say “It’s dark in the forest without Belun ".

The generous hand of Belobog

The ancient Slavs believed that Belobog could give a person happiness, wealth and fertility. In addition to giving light to a person, he himself often volunteers to help with his own hands. For example, in Slavic folklore there is a story of the god Belobog, who often appears in the field in the guise of an old man during the harvest, and offers to help the reapers finish the work. When material assistance is needed, he again appears in the form of a gray-haired old man, but with a full bag of various money. To whom to give the money, Belobog decides for himself. First, he chooses the poorest of the villagers, and asks him to wipe Belobog's nose. If a person does not refuse and helps, then money begins to pour out of the bag, and God himself gradually disappears.

Belobog as a symbol of the ancient Slavs

The Belobog symbol is a symbol that attracts good luck to a person. The glory of Belobog was so famous that even in our time there are still places that were named after him: in Poland, the famous places of Byalobozh and Byalobozhnitsa, in Ukraine in Galicia Belbozhnitsa, in Pomerania there is even a mountain called Belobog, in the Czech Republic - Belozhitsa, not far from Moscow near the city of Radonezh, there are remains of the ancient sanctuary of Belobog.

The Belobog symbol is a symbol that attracts good luck to a person. The glory of Belobog was so famous that even in our time there are still places that were named after him: in Poland, the famous places of Byalobozh and Byalobozhnitsa, in Ukraine in Galicia Belbozhnitsa, in Pomerania there is even a mountain called Belobog, in the Czech Republic - Belozhitsa, not far from Moscow near the city of Radonezh, there are remains of the ancient sanctuary of Belobog

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"Dazhdbog"

Dazhdbog-god of the pagan Slavs

Dmitrieva Anastasia 6A class

• Dazhdbog is one of the main gods in the Slavic pantheon. The name of the deity is translated as "giving good" or "giver of blessings." He was considered the deity of fertility and sunlight, as well as the patron and progenitor of the ancient Slavs. In Ukrainian folk songs, Dazhdbog is called the discoverer of summer, bringing sunlight to the cold earth after a long winter. He was not the only solar deity. God Khors symbolized the winter sun, Yarilo - spring, and Dazhdbog - summer.

• Dazhdbog Day is celebrated on May 6th. On this day, the Slavs rejoiced that he preferred Zhiva, refusing to betrothed to Morena. The holiday symbolizes the end of winter and the onset of summer heat. Trebs in the form of food and drinks were brought to the temples, praises to Dazhdbog were read.

• There are several symbols of Dazhdbog. The main one is the swastika symbol with seven, eight, twelve or four spokes. Its appearance cannot but evoke associations with the Sun, which this deity patronizes. The symbol of Dazhdbog is worn as a sign of veneration of the Slavic gods and culture. Dazhdbog symbol - summer. The Slavs embroidered another symbol of Dazhdbog on clothes, usually with red thread. This is an equilateral cross - a symbol that is found in most religious beliefs of antiquity. Its meaning is the balance between good and evil, both in the world and in the soul of an individual person. An equilateral cross is the basis of any swastika Slavic symbol.

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• Kolyada is a deity who gave the Calendar to his Clans, and also passed on his Wise Vedas. The pagan god Kolyada is the patron saint of all farmers. "Kolo" is the oldest name for the sun, so the word "Kolyada" in translation means "Round".
• Kolyada is the god of the Slavs, who gave them not only effective system calculating the seasons, but was also considered a great god who sowed peace among peoples so that they lived in complete harmony.

• Poems that are considered to be carols are some ancient spells that bring happiness and comfort to the people who hear them, peace in the family and the end of enmity between loved ones. Be sure to give a gift for a carol, as miserly people were predicted to ruin in the future. They read carols in different outfits: in the costume of a goat, a bear, a deer, a hare, a cow, etc. All these reincarnations were a symbol of fertility.

• Kolyada - Slavic God, who is attributed to one of the solar Deities. It is considered the son of Dazhdbog, one of his faces. Dazhdbog Svarozhich - chief god Sun, Kolyada is one of its manifestations, the youngest personification, the Baby Sun. No wonder the feast of this God takes place right after the winter solstice. From that day on, the sun turns to summer and every day adds its strength. Kolyada is considered a young God, a young Sun, who replaces the old Svetovit Sun on his holiday, which is waning. Young Kolyada is a strong and zealous God who begins "opposition" to winter.

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• - Russian character fairy tales, a huge man-eating cat with a magical voice.

• Fairy tales say that Bayun sits on a high, usually iron pole. The cat lives at the distant lands in the kingdom of the thirtieth or in a lifeless dead forest, where there are neither birds nor animals . In one of the tales about Vasilisa the Beautiful, the cat Bayun lived at Baba Yaga .

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• Name Ivan Kupala It has popular Christian origin and is a Slavic version of the name John the Baptist (Greek Ιωάννης ο Βαπτιστής) because the epithet of John is Greekβαπτιστής - translates as "bather, diver" . This name of the holiday was due to the actual Slavic ideas: praslav . kǫpati meant ritual washing, purification, which was carried out in open reservoirs . Therefore, on the one hand, it was this verb that was used to translate the epithet "baptist", and on the other hand, the name of the holiday was later rethought folk etymology and is linked to ritual bathing in the rivers during this holiday.

• The idea of ​​Kupala as a deity owes its origin to the book tradition that has existed since the 18th century. According to A. L. Toporkova, Kupala is the name of a calendar holiday and the assignment to the Slavic gods is doubtful . According to V.N. Toporov, mythological characters known from later sources (like Yarila, Kupala, Pozvizd, Lada, Polel and others) cannot be considered gods . The first mention of this "deity" refers to the XVII century.
• By " Gustinskaya annals »: « Fifth ( idol ) Kupalo, as I think, was the god of abundance, as at Ellin Ceres , but he is insane for an abundance of thanksgiving at that time, when the harvest is named". In the teaching "On the idols of Vladimir" - "the god of the fruits of the earth."
• « Semu Kupala, demon , even to this day, in some countries, insane memories are made, starting June 23, in the evening Nativity of John the Baptist , even before harvest and further...", - reports the Gustin Chronicle. - " In the evening, simple children, of both sexes, gather and weave crowns for themselves from a poisonous potion, or root, and girded by the past, they kindle a fire, but in some cases they put a green branch, and, running by the hand, they turn around this fire, singing their own songs, calling Kupala; then they will skip ahead of that fire, offering sacrifice to this demon. »

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• Lada, in Slavic mythology, the goddess of love and beauty. In the name of Lada, the ancient Slavs called not only the original goddess of love, but also the whole system of life - a way where everything should have been fine, that is, good. All people should be able to get along with each other.

• The goddess of love and beauty, Lada, is the wife of Svarog, but some argue that she is his daughter. Lada is the mother of Lel and Polel. Lel is the deity of love, and Polel is the god of a marriage that has already taken place.

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"Morana"

Slavic goddess

She had no family and wandered in the snow, visiting people from time to time to do her dirty work. The name Morana (Morena) is indeed related to such words as "pestilence", "haze", "gloom", "haze", "fool", "death ».

Ancient Russian chronicles introduce us to the gods, whose cult was established by Prince Vladimir back in 980. These are Perun, Dazhdbog, Veles, Svarog, Rod, the goddess Makosh. In later chronicles, Lada and Lel were added. The most fully preserved mythology of the Eastern Slavs (which include Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians). We find the earliest mention of them in the Tale of Bygone Years (XII century). Ancient Russian chronicles introduce us to the gods, whose cult was established by Prince Vladimir back in 980. These are Perun, Dazhdbog, Veles, Svarog, Rod, the goddess Makosh. In later chronicles, Lada and Lel were added. The most fully preserved mythology of the Eastern Slavs (which include Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians). We find the earliest mention of them in the Tale of Bygone Years (XII century).

With the adoption of Christianity in Russia, paganism and its rites were banned. However, the beliefs of our ancestors continue to live in customs, rituals, holidays, as well as in songs, fairy tales, signs, and conspiracies. The Slavs revered the gods of life and death, fertility and wildlife, heavenly bodies and fire, peace and war. With the adoption of Christianity in Russia, paganism and its rites were banned. However, the beliefs of our ancestors continue to live in customs, rituals, holidays, as well as in songs, fairy tales, signs, and conspiracies. The Slavs revered the gods of life and death, fertility and wildlife, heavenly bodies and fire, peace and war. At the top of the ancient Slavic pantheon stood the ancestral gods: Rod and Svarog. Svarog created the Earth and populated it with life, and Rod laid the foundation for human existence on earth. The rest of the Slavic gods trace their genealogy from them and are called Relatives and Svarozhichs. At the top of the ancient Slavic pantheon stood the ancestral gods: Rod and Svarog. Svarog created the Earth and populated it with life, and Rod laid the foundation for human existence on earth. The rest of the Slavic gods trace their genealogy from them and are called Relatives and Svarozhichs.

God Veles is one of the greatest gods of the ancient world. His main act was that he set the world created by Svarog and Rod in motion, breathed life into it. Day began to change night; winter was always followed by spring, summer and autumn; after exhalation - inhale, after sadness - joy. People learned to overcome difficulties and appreciate happiness. This Law of correctness and infinity of the rotation of life was given to people by Veles.

Veles - "cattle god", the owner of the wild. Lord of the ways, patron of travelers. Ruler of the unknown, Black God. Posthumous judge and lifetime tester. Mighty wizard, lord of magicians. The patron in trade, the intermediary in contracts, the interpreter of Laws. Giver of wealth. The patron of those who know and seek, a teacher in the arts. God of luck.

Dazhdbog is the God of fertility and sunlight, the life-giving force of nature. Ancestor of the Slavs. The lion was considered a sacred animal of Svarog, therefore they often depicted either the god himself with a lion's head, or riding a chariot drawn by lions. Dazhdbog is the God of fertility and sunlight, the life-giving force of nature. Ancestor of the Slavs. The lion was considered a sacred animal of Svarog, therefore they often depicted either the god himself with a lion's head, or riding a chariot drawn by lions.

His name went down in history due to the fact that he gave people the third Law of life. The first Law was given to people by the god Rod. Its essence was that life is infinite and omnipresent. The second law of life was given to people by Veles. Its essence is that people go from Darkness to Light, move after the Sun. And the third law of life was given to people by Kolyada. He took people beyond the limits of momentary existence, outlining in detail how time moves and what to expect from it. Kolyada gave people the first calendar.

LEL Lel in Slavic mythology is the god of love passion. About Lele - a cheerful and carefree god of love, the word "cherish" still reminds - to love, undead, pamper. He is the son of the goddess of love and motherhood, Lada. Cheerful, like a mother, golden-haired, he was depicted as a winged baby (ancient Greek - Cupid, other Romans - Cupid).

YARILO Every year in April, the ancient Slavs began a holiday dedicated to the god Yarila, the god of the rebirth of the sun, spring. A red-haired rider on a white horse appeared in the villages of the Slavs. He was dressed in a white robe, and a wreath of spring wildflowers crowned his head. This is Yarilo.

LADA Lada is the Slavic goddess of beauty and love. Mother of the god Lelya and the goddess Lelya. People should be able to love, get along with each other, that's why lovers in Russia called each other Lado. Mother Love gave her blessing to people for invoking spring, love, peace and peace in the family.

The mother goddess, the goddess of fertility, is associated with the entire harvest, is revered 12-13 times a year (every full moon is celebrated). The goddess of magic and sorcery, the wife of Veles, the mistress of the crossroads of the universe between the worlds. She was the protector and patroness of all housewives. Revered as the Mistress of wildlife.

MAKOSH Goddess Makosh is the goddess of all fate, the eldest of the goddesses, the straight of fate, the patroness of women's needlework. She patronizes female fertility, thrift and prosperity in the house. She is helped to spin the thread of fate by two other goddesses - Dolya and Nedolya.

BABA YAGA Baba Yaga is the oldest character in Slavic mythology. Originally, it was the deity of death: a woman with a snake tail, who accompanied the souls of the dead to the underworld of the dead. It is not for nothing that Baba Yaga plays an important role in all fairy tales: she is resorted to as the last hope for help. Her image resembles a witch.

But still, Baba Yaga is a more dangerous creature with more power than a simple witch. Most often, she lives in a dense forest, which instills fear in people. No wonder her hut is surrounded by a palisade of human bones and skulls. Baba Yaga eats human flesh and is called "bone leg". This old witch doesn't walk. She rides on an iron mortar, which she drives with a pestle, and sweeps the trail with a broom.

WATER In Slavic mythology - an evil spirit, the embodiment of a dangerous and formidable water element. Most often he appeared in the guise of a man or an old man with the features of an animal: paws instead of hands, with a long green beard, a body entangled in mud. In his native element, water, Vodyanoy is invincible, but on earth his strength is weakening.

Leshy Leshy is the spirit of the forest in Slavic mythology. It lives in every forest, especially loves spruce forests. Dressed like a man: red sash, caftan. But the shoes on the feet are mixed up: the left bast shoe is worn on the right foot, and the right one on the left. Leshy's eyes are green and burn like coals. In the forest, Leshy is a full-fledged master, all animals and plants obey him implicitly.

VIY Viy, in East Slavic mythology, a character whose deadly gaze was hidden behind long eyelids and eyelashes. Viy brought the devils to the offender and lifted his eyelids with a pitchfork (they were so heavy and dangerous). The one on whom Viy's deadly gaze fell was dying on the spot.

Kikimora Kikimora is an evil spirit. Kikimora, as people believe, became a child cursed by his parents, a daughter ruined by her mother. Kikimora was usually represented as a small, twisted, wrinkled old woman, dirty-dressed, unkempt. She is so small and light that she never leaves the house, afraid that she will be blown away by the wind.

MERMAID Mermaids are mythical creatures of the ancient Slavs. They became girls - drowned women. There were tree (forest) mermaids, and there were water (river) ones. There were also Mavka mermaids - these are drowned children. They were very small and almost transparent. Outwardly, the mermaids looked very much like a person from above, but below, where people's legs begin, the mermaids began a long fish tail. Mermaids are mythical creatures of the ancient Slavs. They became girls - drowned women. There were tree (forest) mermaids, and there were water (river) ones. There were also Mavka mermaids - these are drowned children. They were very small and almost transparent. Outwardly, the mermaids looked very much like a person from above, but below, where people's legs begin, the mermaids began a long fish tail.