In feng shui and in general in China, water is considered the primary element, the basis of all life...
This material was sent to us by our regular reader Sanzhar Surshanov (his twitter @SanzharS), who shared a very interesting ways learn a new language for you.
Since the beginning of this year, I started learning French. I do this with the help of English, since I began to speak English confidently, I can say that I found the key to numerous Internet resources.
Below I want to list and describe how I learn French:
1. Duolingo
The site was founded by the creators of CAPTCHA and RECAPTCHA, students of Carnegie Mellon University. By the way, every time you enter recaptcha, you help digitize thousands of old books. The main idea is for people to simultaneously learn languages and translate the Internet into different languages.
All material is divided into different categories.
After you finish the exercises, you will be given real material taken from the Internet for translation. First simple sentences, as you study more and more complex. By translating sentences you strengthen your knowledge and help translate web pages. You can also look at the translations of other users.
The exercises include text translation, speaking, listening. As such, there is no emphasis on grammar.
In addition to French, you can learn Spanish, German, English, Italian and Portuguese.
Audio lessons go like this: 2 students come to him who do not know French. It turns out that you become the 3rd student. Michelle talks to the students and that's how they learn the language. He explains the difference between English and French, first talks about new words, then asks to translate from English into French.
The main difference and rule of the Michel method is no need to try to memorize words, phrases, etc.
I don’t know how to explain, but after the first lesson, on an intuitive level, you yourself begin to guess how it will be in the language you are learning.
I personally really like this method.
3.Memrise
For replenishment vocabulary I use the memrise site.
On the site you can find a lot of different courses, you can even learn Morse code. I'm learning - Hacking French.
By learning new words, you "grow flowers." Planting seeds, watering, etc.
The main feature is that you create memes for unfamiliar words and associate with English language. I did not create memes myself, I use the creations of other users.
You grow flowers like this: at the beginning, memorize the meaning of words, then repeat them repeatedly. Click on the correct answer, write the translation yourself, listening to the phrase, choose the correct answer from the list. This ends the first part.
After 4-5 hours, you will receive a notification by email that you need to repeat the course. Repeat the above, if you make a mistake in the translation, the word goes to repetition. That's pretty much how it all happens.
4. News in slow french
Thanks to twitter, just recently I found a link to another wonderful resource.
Very cool site for French learners - newsinslowfrench.com/french-for-beg… They have grammar for beginners and News in slow french for intermediates
Lately, people often ask me how I taught French, which books I used at the same time and where to start, so I finally decided to tell you about everything in order.
In a year, I went from the "bonjour" level to the level of light casual conversation, French films and books in the original. Of course, the background in the form of knowledge of English gives an additional advantage, because the roots of the words still often coincide. Although it only dawned on me after half a year of immersion in French that the French "beau" and the English "beautiful" seem to start somehow the same, although they are read differently.
So where do you start?
Usually, all beginners are advised to study according to the textbook by Popova and Kazakova, but it seemed to me too boring and lengthy. Audio recordings for it also leave much to be desired: Russian speakers read the text, too exaggerated, unnatural and, in principle, disgusting (may the admirers of this manual forgive me!). So I decided to start my acquaintance with French from the Linguist website. The material is presented there in the form of 32 lessons with audio recordings and assignments for consolidation. Keys are included, of course. In addition, to be honest, you can gain a good vocabulary. Unfortunately, somewhere in the 10th lesson I was attacked by stereotypes that it is impossible to learn a foreign language (especially a language with such complex phonetics) without a teacher, so I decided to enroll in courses.
Why you shouldn't join a group.
After studying the offers of several language schools and the reviews of the guys I know, the choice fell on N. language courses (we will do it like Gogol's). The center itself is very conveniently located on Lubyanka, and the lessons there are taught exclusively by native speakers. Since I did not believe in the power of the communicative technique (rejection of the intermediary language), before enrolling in the ranks of the students of the center, I attended a trial lesson. It was held by a provocative Frenchman who taught us the simplest dialogue in just 5 minutes and conquered everyone with his crazy charisma. After that, there were no more doubts: I quickly completed the contract, bought the Saison textbook that the center offers, and was looking forward to the classes.
However, soon after the start, it became clear that we would go through the material with snail's steps, wasting a lot of time in vain. For simple tasks like "Spread the words into two columns", when they are all translated, we could spend 15 minutes. You also need to take into account the fact that in the group everyone learns the material at different rates. As a result, in 2.5 months, only 2 lessons of the textbook were completed, the material of which I already knew, thanks to the aforementioned site. It so happened that by going to the courses with the hope that they would teach me how to read correctly, I simply wasted time and money. No one paid any attention to reading there, and students' mistakes were simply ignored. Although it is worth noting that we somehow understood the teacher, although he spoke only French, though sometimes we still had to connect English. Since then, I have forever said goodbye to the stereotypes that you cannot learn a language alone, and vowed never to go to group classes, which I advise you to do as well.
What textbooks to use for self-study?
In all the articles I read, they say that the main mistake of language learners is the transition from one textbook to another. Oddly enough, for me, on the contrary, it was the best solution. I didn't finish any of the tutorials. What is it connected with? With boundless and all-consuming love for French. By the way, where it came from is still a mystery to me, but that's another story. So, from the first days I surrounded myself with everything French: I endlessly listened to the songs of French performers; listened to rfi radio, although she did not understand anything; I watched movies with Russian subtitles. All this greatly affects listening and pronunciation and imperceptibly improves them. In addition, I immediately began to read the well-known "Little Prince" by Exupery. There was little knowledge: there was not enough grammar and vocabulary, so each page was given with great difficulty. When I came across an unfamiliar time, I calculated it from the verb conjugation table and studied it. Thus, I just quickly "grew out" of the textbooks, and they became uninteresting. I believe that you need to learn from the complex, so my advice is not to get hung up on one book. If it starts to seem to you that it is easy for you (in terms of vocabulary, grammar, or something else), then it really has become easy, do not try to go through it to the end. However, one might say that gaps may remain with this method. Agree. That is why I recommend that you check yourself against the tables (A1-A2, A2-B1, B1), which lists the set of required topics for each level.
My first textbook after the Lingvist site was a French language guide for beginners from Gromova and Malysheva. The pluses include the fact that the grammar is given in a very accessible and dynamic way. For those who are able to quickly absorb the material, this is an ideal option. However, there are no clues to the tasks, although in my opinion, in almost all cases, you can check yourself in a dictionary or in verb conjugation table.
As for grammar, I am of the opinion that it is more important to understand it than to memorize it, so I advise you a series of books Les 500 exercices de grammaire (available for all levels) from the Hachette publishing house. At the beginning of each topic, you are invited to analyze a short text and formulate a rule yourself. At the end of the books for levels A1 and A2 there is reference material by lessons learned. There are keys to the exercises throughout the series, which is very convenient for self-study.
Separately, I would like to highlight a series of books en dialogues. Vocabulaire en dialogues, Grammaire en dialogues and Civilization en dialogues are the ones I used, but there are others. They contain wonderfully voiced dialogues on topics that perfectly develop oral speech. After less than half a year of learning French, and after studying a few sections from these books, I could easily do without English during my stay in Paris.
It is necessary to read and retell the texts as much as possible. If suddenly you, like me, are haunted by a language barrier, then you can solve it by recording yourself on video: read poetry, sing songs, speak monologues. Let no one see it, but it will really help you. Also, write as much as you can on any topic that interests you. On this site, native speakers will be happy to correct your mistakes. And remember, everything is possible, the main thing is to really want it. Bonne Chance!
This tutorial was created by an experienced French teacher using a simplified methodology developed by her and is aimed at effectively mastering live conversational speech. The course consists of 17 lessons, the study of each requires 1.5-2 hours. You will be able to speak and form simple sentences after the first lesson.
The tutorial contains the basic rules of pronunciation and grammar, Russian transcription, as close as possible to French phonetics, thematic dictionaries, conjugations of the most necessary verbs, the formation of the five most common tenses, exercises with keys, dialogues and colloquial expressions. The course is very intensive, so if you go to Paris in just a month, it will help solve your problem.Two kinds.
In French, there are two genders - feminine and masculine, and they rarely coincide with the Russian language. For example, le livre (le livre) - a book - is masculine, but we have a feminine one.The gender can be determined by the article: le (le) is the masculine definite article, 1a (la) is the feminine definite article. To remember the gender of a French noun, it is easier to learn it immediately with the article.
If a noun begins with a vowel, the truncated form of the article is used regardless of gender:
le + amour \u003d l'amour (lyamour) - love.In this case, an apostrophe is put - a superscript comma, indicating the omission of a vowel. That is, “love” is masculine in French, but this is not visible from the word, since the article le is truncated due to the vowel a. In French, e and other vowels at the junction of words are unacceptable, so you can’t say “le amour”, the vowel e will definitely fall out.
Content
1. Two genders, 6 Unstressed pronouns, 6 Basic reading rules, 7 Conjugation of two basic verbs, 11 Common phrases, 11
2. Indefinite articles, 13 Letter h, 14 Binding (liaison), 15 Turnover c "est, 16 Two important verbs, 18
3. The most important prepositions, 20 Turn se sont, 22 Possessive pronouns, 23 Word order in a sentence, 25 Preposition chez, 25
4. Demonstrative pronouns, 27 Rules for reading some nasal vowels, 27 Fluent e, 28 Negation, 28 Hack to ask a question, 30 Interrogative phrase est-ce que, 31
5. Gender of adjectives, 36 Place of adjectives, 38 Plural adjectives, 39 Verb groups, 41 Regularity in verb conjugation endings, 42
6. Continuous articles (definite article + prepositions a and de), 46 Imperative, 47 Adverb, 48
7. Question words, 55 Conjunctions, 57
8. Negative question, 64 Comparative degree of adjectives, 65 Grm meanings of the word si, 66 Time and hours, 70
9. Personal verbal pronouns, 72 Emphasis, 73 Impersonal expression ilfaut, 74
10. Personal stressed pronouns, 80 Verbs like venir, 81 Near future and recent past, 81
11. Impersonal phrase Well, 88 Suffixes that help determine the gender of a noun, 89
12. Feminine nouns, 95 Plural nouns, 97 Polite expressions, 98
13. Indefinite personal pronoun on, 104 Passe compose (past compound), 105
14. Personal verbal pronouns, 112 Reflexive verbs, 113 Other reflexive verbs, 114 Indefinite words 118 Restrictive phrase ne... que, 120
15. Prepositions and adverbs, 129
16. Futur simple (simple future tense), 132 Adverbs en, y, 135 Adjectives and nouns - antonymous pairs, 137 Verb plaire - to like, 138 Degrees of comparison of adverbs, 139
17. Imparfait (incomplete past tense), 141 Basic Conversation Phrases, 142
Repetition 148.
Keys 149.
Free download e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book French from scratch, Intensive simplified course, Kileyeva V.A., 2012 - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.Download pdf
You can buy this book below best price at a discount with delivery throughout Russia.Ever since I taught my first lesson, I have dreamed of creating perfect textbook French. And not just a textbook, but a real self-instruction manual, one by which anyone without the help of a teacher could learn the language easily, simply, and accessible. When I bought another book, I constantly ran into the same problem: this textbook lacks exercises, and that one lacks texts; and how wonderful it would be if you could also find funny songs or rhymes, maybe a few educational games or even information about how, for example, life in France differs from our life. So what should it be, a self-instruction manual of the French language?
Now on the shelves of bookstores there are tons of literature offering to learn a foreign language for a minimum short terms and by means of simple words-dialogues. Even for 10 years of teaching, I have already accumulated a decent library, and this is not counting a few gigabytes of literature downloaded from the Internet. In my opinion, most books that dazzle with their colorful covers are designed only to extort money from the consumer. It seems that you are counting on the fact that having bought a book, you will not have to go anywhere else, but in the end, you have to spend money again and again, on new textbooks, on lessons with a teacher and on dictionaries.
So, I offer you an overview of several textbooks - self-taught books:
one. " Starting Course French"(Potushanskaya L.L., Kolesnikova N.I., Kotova G.M.) is one of my favorite textbooks. Maybe because I used to do it myself. The main section, in my opinion, is unfinished, but there are very interesting texts. But I really like the introductory course. Grammar rules, ways of pronouncing sounds are described in a form understandable to everyone and in great detail, and simple exercises will help you quickly consolidate the rules. The textbook is accompanied by audio materials in which all texts and phonetic exercises are read by a native speaker. I consider this a huge plus.
2. “French language. Tutorial for beginners»(L. Leblanc, V. Panin) is a good textbook. Not too overloaded with information, lots of voiced exercises. Ideal for those who want to build up their vocabulary at the initial stage of learning, as the introductory section gives a lot of exercises with new words. But, as a full-fledged textbook is not suitable, you will have to buy something else.
3. "Hello French"(E.V. Musnitskaya, M.V. Ozerova) is one of the most popular tutorials among Internet users. And not in vain! Each lesson is built competently, with the development of sounds, rules. In each lesson you will find interesting dialogues, learn how to use verbs in all forms, remember useful phrases. This book has a minimum of theory and a maximum of practice, just for those who do not like to pay much attention to grammar, but immediately prefer to learn to speak. But, in my opinion, one cannot do without a teacher with such a textbook, since the exercises are given without translation into Russian, and they are voiced so quickly that you can’t immediately figure out what’s what. But you immediately get used to living French speech.
four." » (I.N. Popova, Zh.A. Kazakova, G.M. Kovalchuk) is another good tutorial for those who want to learn the language on their own. Detailed grammar explanations, lots of phonetic exercises, phrases and dialogues. Although the voiced material is good, I still prefer native speakers.
5 .I think it is worth paying attention to such tutorials as « French driving»/ « French in 3 months» . I do not name the author, because there are a lot of similar books - disks, and they all look alike. As a rule, the textbook has several topics, each topic has several dialogues, voiced by roles. In principle, you will not learn how to fully maintain a conversation with the help of such books, but it will do for travel. Be sure to learn a few standard phrases in different cases life.
6. A series of tutorials "Alter Ego", "Tout va bien", "Taxi"- I knowingly combined all these textbooks, despite the fact that they have different authors. You can take any of them, and you will never regret not choosing the other two. All textbooks have the same topics, the same new words - “vocabulaire”, and almost the same dialogues. The textbooks themselves are colorful, rather simple, saturated with modern phrases and vocabulary. Audio materials are practically not adapted, so you quickly get used to live conversational speech. An excellent textbook, but one cannot do without a teacher, since all books are completely in French.
Currently, many people are independently engaged in learning foreign languages, as this saves time, money, and also allows you to study when and where it is most convenient for you. French is one of the most popular European languages, which is useful not only for reading French classics and understanding famous songs, but can also be useful when traveling, working in international companies, communicating with people from French-speaking countries.
Among the wide variety of educational literature, it is immediately difficult to choose what is right for you. When choosing textbooks, one should pay attention to the publishing house, the presentation of the material, the availability of the information provided.
We will consider a list of textbooks that are most popular among self-learners of French. For the best learning of the language, it is better to use more than one manual, but to combine several.
Before choosing a tutorial, you need to pay attention to the following points:
— The book must be suitable for independent work. All material should be arranged from simple to complex, the wording of tasks should be clear.
- Your goal should match the orientation of the textbook. So, if you are interested in learning how to write letters, you should not choose a textbook that is set up for teaching oral speech.
- When starting to learn a language, get beginners' books, not more advanced levels, even if they seem affordable to you.
- The tutorial should contain guidelines for language learning.
- Answers to the exercises are required. It may be contained in a textbook or published as a separate book.
- Must have audio cassettes or CDs.Independent students should better use both the manuals of Russian authors, where the material is presented clearly in our native language, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian language, and the manuals of French authors, which introduce students to modern French, popular speech turns, reading dialogues contain information about life and traditions France.
The textbooks are presented in order, not by popularity. The popularity of some benefits can be challenged, since for different students one or another is more suitable, taking into account personal characteristics, goals and preferences. All of these manuals are widely used among French learners. First, the manuals of Russian authors are given, then French ones.
1. Textbook by Russian authors I.N. Popova, Zh.N. Kazakova and G.M. Kovalchuk "". This classic edition, which is very popular, has been reprinted 20 times and is recommended for use in universities. The textbook has many advantages:
– the first phonetics lessons include detailed explanations in Russian,
- audio recordings are attached to the first lessons,
- subsequent lessons consistently include new vocabulary and grammar,
- self-test tasks with answers,
– basic grammar rules and grammatical and lexical explanations are given in Russian.At the heart of each lesson of the textbook is a text, on the example of which new grammatical and lexical constructions are considered. With regular lessons in the textbook, you can quickly master the basics of the French language.
2. Potushanskaya L.L., Kolesnikova N.I., Kotova G.M. Beginner French course". This well-known textbook by Russian authors is aimed at teaching oral speech. In it, as in the previous manual, each lesson is based on the text. A feature of the book is that the grammatical constructions, vocabulary, speech patterns presented in it are an integral part of spoken French.
During the lessons on the manual, students quickly learn to maintain a conversation on common, relevant topics. The textbook is concise, the texts are interesting to a wide range of people, they are easy and pleasant to retell. All audio recordings of the textbook are voiced by a native speaker. Of the minuses, one can name an insufficient number of exercises for independent written speech. Great as a basic book for independent work.
3. Ivanchenko A.I. "". This manual is a good source of French vocabulary and speech structures. The textbook cannot be used as a standalone self-study, but it is a good addition to the main textbook that you have chosen, as it expands the vocabulary by introducing big choice vocabulary on popular topics.
Each lesson consists of a list of new words and constructions with translation, exercises aimed at improving communication. For self-testing in the textbook there are keys. While the exercises in your main textbook can be quite complex and at times academic in nature, in the practice they are presented in a relaxed and playful way, which helps to better assimilate new material.
4. "" (L. Leblanc, V. Panin) is also popular among beginners to learn French. The information is presented briefly and concisely, many exercises are voiced.
All material is presented step by step, tasks are in Russian, self-control is also well set in the textbook.
The manual is good for replenishing vocabulary, because in the introductory section there are a lot of exercises for new vocabulary.
As a separate textbook, it is better not to use the manual, but it is well suited as an additional source.
5. "" (E.V. Musnitskaya, M.V. Ozerova) - another popular tutorial. The goal set by the authors of the textbook is to teach students to communicate in typical situations. New words and rules are practiced in each lesson. The information provided is interesting and not overly complicated. The textbook combines a minimum of theory and a maximum of practice. It is well suited for those who do not want to study grammar in detail, but are determined to learn to speak faster.
It is also interesting that the book contains fascinating regional information. Difficulty in use can be caused by the fact that the exercises are not translated into Russian. Audio materials are voiced by a native speaker, which is good on the one hand, but speech is too fast for beginner students.
6. Textbook by the French author Gaston Mauger " French course» is also suitable for self-learners. This is a tutorial, the users of the book do not experience inconvenience in the absence of a teacher. The edition is classic, well-made, the material is well structured. The textbook is easy to use, trains all aspects of the language.
The disadvantages include outdated vocabulary, since the first edition was published back in the 50s.
7. There are also more modern French editions. So, "" is a textbook by the famous French publishing house Cle International. In an interesting and accessible form, the manual introduces modern French. The textbook is rightfully considered one of the best language learning aids. From the name of the manual it follows that it is aimed more at the development of communication skills.
Each lesson of the textbook contains one or more dialogues, as well as the rules of the French language, and after them - exercises for processing the studied information and control tasks. This structure is convenient for learning a foreign language. Learning to communicate in a foreign language, users of the manual simultaneously get acquainted with the basics of grammar, vocabulary, and phonetics. This approach is typical for various European publications on the study of foreign languages - to study grammar and other aspects not from the rules, but from the provided stories, dialogues.
7. The aforementioned Cle International publishing house produces a large number of textbooks for a wide range of users. The most successful textbooks are "" and "Le nouveau sans frontiers". The advantage of these courses is that the textbooks are bright, colorful, rich in interesting tasks. It is valuable to have simple dialogues and texts with modern vocabulary and phrases, which helps to quickly learn how to communicate in French. The attached audio materials are practically not adapted, students hear live speech.
The disadvantages of such teaching aids is that all assignments and explanations are in French. This makes learning difficult for beginners, you need to constantly use a dictionary or seek help from those who know French. There are other similar courses, such as "Taxi", "Alter ego". They all look alike. So, if you intend to use such a textbook in your studies, it is better to choose one of the listed ones, while others will repeat it to a large extent.
8. "" - numerous audio courses, which are essentially phrase books, offer dialogues on everyday topics. Good preparation for traveling to French-speaking countries. They can be used as another source of language learning in addition to the main textbooks. Courses can be used in a relaxed atmosphere, training conversational phrases and resting from serious activities.
To learn French on your own, one manual is not enough. But you should also not purchase all possible materials. It is best to take one textbook as a basis; when learning a language from scratch, it is best with assignments in Russian. In addition to this textbook, you can still include 2-3 manuals in your list of references in order to further practice vocabulary, grammar or colloquial speech.
As a second textbook, it is good to use one of the proposed authentic courses, you can a little later, having already studied the basics of the language in the Russian-language manual. It is important to pay attention to the use of audio materials for several textbooks in order to listen to the speech of different speakers, not get used to one voice. Studying the language, you need to pay attention to all types of activities - reading, writing, speaking, listening. It is worth considering that the last two are the most difficult, oral speech requires enhanced practice. With regular practice, you will feel more confident in the language and achieve your goals.
