State system of sanitary and epidemiological
  regulation of the Russian Federation

Federal Sanitary Rules, Norms and Hygiene
  standards

2.2.4. PHYSICAL FACTORS
  WORKING ENVIRONMENT

Hygienic requirements for microclimate
  production facilities

Sanitary rules and regulations

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

Ministry of Health of Russia

Moscow 1997

1 . Developed by: Research Institute of Occupational Medicine RAMS (Afanasyeva R.F., Repin G.N., Mikhailova N.S., Bessonova N.A., Burmistrova O.V., Losik T.K.); Moscow Scientific Research Institute of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman (Ustyushin B.V.); with the participation of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases (Sinitsina E.V., Chashchin V.P.); Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia (Lytkin B.G., Kucherenko A.I.).

2 . Approved and enforced by Resolution of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia of October 1, 1996, No. 21.

3 . Introduced instead of the "Sanitary standards of the microclimate of industrial premises", approved by the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated 03/31/86, No. 4088-86.

The RSFSR Law “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population”

“Sanitary rules, norms and hygienic standards (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) - regulatory acts that establish criteria for the safety and (or) harmlessness to a person of environmental factors and requirements to ensure favorable living conditions.

Sanitary rules are binding on all state bodies and public associations, enterprises and other business entities, organizations and institutions, regardless of their subordination and forms of ownership, by officials and citizens ”(Article 3).

“An unlawful, guilty (intentional or reckless) act (action or inaction) related to non-compliance with the sanitary legislation of the RSFSR is recognized as a sanitary violation sanitary regulations ¼

Officials and citizens of the RSFSR who committed a sanitary offense may be brought to disciplinary, administrative and criminal liability ”(Article 27).

APPROVED

Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia of October 1, 1996 No. 21

Date of introduction: from the date of approval

2.2.4 . PHYSICAL FACTORS
  WORKING ENVIRONMENT

Hygienic requirements for microclimate
  production facilities

Hygienic requirements to occupational microclimate

Sanitary rules and regulations

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

1. General provisions and scope

1.1 . These Sanitary Rules and Norms (hereinafter referred to as the Sanitary Rules) are intended to prevent the adverse effects of the microclimate of workplaces, industrial premises on the well-being, functional state, working capacity and human health.

1.2 . These Sanitary Rules apply to microclimate indicators at workplaces of all types of industrial premises and are mandatory for all enterprises and organizations. References to the mandatory compliance with the requirements of these sanitary rules should be included in regulatory and technical documents: standards, building norms and rules, technical conditions and other regulatory and technical documents that regulate the operational characteristics of production facilities, technological, engineering and sanitary equipment that determine hygienic standards of microclimate.

1.3 . In accordance with Articles 9 and 34 of the Law of the RSFSR “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being of the Population”, organizations must carry out production control over compliance with the Sanitary Rules and conduct preventive measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of diseases in industrial premises, as well as monitoring compliance with working conditions and rest and the implementation of collective and individual protection of workers from the adverse effects of the microclimate.

1.4 . The heads of enterprises, organizations and institutions, regardless of ownership and subordination, in order to ensure production control, are obliged to bring jobs in accordance with the microclimate requirements provided for in these Sanitary regulations.

1.5 . State sanitary and epidemiological supervision and control over the implementation of these Sanitary Rules is carried out by bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, and departmental sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and control is carried out by bodies and institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological profile of the respective ministries and departments.

1.6 . State sanitary and epidemiological supervision of the construction of new and reconstruction of existing production facilities is carried out at the stages of project development and commissioning, taking into account the nature of the process and the compliance of engineering and sanitary equipment with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules and Building Norms and Rules “Heating, Ventilation and conditioning".

1.7 . Design documentation for the construction and reconstruction of industrial premises should be agreed with the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Russia.

1.8 . The commissioning of production facilities in order to assess the compliance of the hygienic microclimate parameters with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules should be carried out with the mandatory participation of representatives of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Russian Federation.

2. Normative references

2.1 . The law of the RSFSR "On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population."

2.2 . The Regulation on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulation on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Regulation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 5, 1994, No. 625.

2.3 . Guide "General requirements for the construction, presentation and execution of sanitary-hygienic and epidemiological regulatory and methodological documents" dated February 9, 1994R 1.1.004-94.

3. Terms and definitions

3.1 . Production premises  - enclosed spaces in specially designed buildings and structures in which people are constantly engaged in (on shifts) or periodically (during the working day).

3.2 . Working a place  - a section of the premises on which labor activity is carried out during a shift or part of it. The workplace may be several sections of the production room. If these sites are located throughout the room, then the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room is considered a workplace.

3.3 . Cold period of the year   - the period of the year, characterized by an average daily outdoor temperature of +10 ° C and below.

3.4 . Warm period of the year  - the period of the year, characterized by an average daily outdoor temperature above +10 ° C.

3. 5 . Daily average temperature outdoor air  - the average outdoor temperature measured at certain hours of the day at regular intervals. It is taken according to the meteorological service.

3.6 . Demarcation works by categories  carried out on the basis of the intensity of the total energy consumption of the body in kcal / h (W). Characteristics of certain categories of work (I a, Ib, II a, II b, III ) is presented in the appendix .

3.7 environment (TNS) - the combined effect on the human body of microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity, thermal radiation), expressed as a single-digit indicator in ° C.

4. General requirements and microclimate indicators

4.1 . Sanitary rules establish hygienic requirements for microclimate indicators of workplaces of industrial premises, taking into account the intensity of energy consumption of workers, time of work, periods of the year and contain requirements for methods of measuring and controlling microclimatic conditions.

4.2 . The microclimate indicators should ensure the preservation of the thermal balance of a person with the environment and the maintenance of an optimal or acceptable thermal state of the body.

4.3 . The indicators characterizing the microclimate in industrial premises are:

· air temperature;

· surface temperature *;

· relative humidity;

· air speed;

· intensity of thermal radiation.

* The temperature of the surfaces of building envelopes (walls, ceilings, floors), devices (screens, etc.), as well as process equipment or devices enclosing it, is taken into account.

5. Optimal microclimate conditions

5.1 . Optimal microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria of the optimal thermal and functional state of a person. They provide a general and local sensation of thermal comfort during an 8-hour shift with minimal stress of thermoregulation mechanisms, do not cause deviations in the state of health, create the prerequisites for a high level of working capacity and are preferred at workplaces.

5.2 . The optimal values \u200b\u200bof microclimate indicators must be observed at the workplaces of industrial premises where operator-type work is carried out, associated with neuro-emotional stress (in cabins, on control panels and process control posts, in computer rooms, etc.). The list of other jobs and types of work at which optimal microclimate should be ensured are determined by the Sanitary Rules for certain industries and other documents agreed upon with the bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision in the established manner.

5.3 . Optimum microclimate parameters at workplaces should correspond to the values \u200b\u200bgiven in table. , in relation to the performance of work of various categories in the cold and warm periods of the year.

5.4 . Differences in air temperature in height and horizontally, as well as changes in air temperature during a shift while ensuring optimal microclimate values \u200b\u200bat workplaces should not exceed 2 ° C and go beyond the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table.   for certain categories of work.

Table 1

Optimum microclimate indicators at workplaces of industrial premises

		Air temperature, ° FROM	Surface temperature ° FROM	Relative humidity, %	Air velocity, m / s
Cold
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (over 290)
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (over 290)						Air temperature, ° FROM		Surface temperature ° FROM	Relative humidity , %	Air velocity, m / s
range below optimal values	range above optimal values	for air temperature range below optimal values ,   no more	for air temperature range above optimal values ,    no more**
Cold		20,0 - 21, 9				0, 1
	Ib (140 - 174)		23,1 - 24, 0
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)	15,0 - 16, 9
	III (over 290)						0, 4
		21, 0 - 22,9	25, 1 - 28,0
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)	18,0 - 19, 9	22,1 - 27, 0
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (over 290)

* When temperatures air 25 ° FROM and higher maximum values relative humidity air should be accepted in compliance from requirements p. .

** At temperatures air 26 - 28 ° FROM speed movements air in warm period of the year must be accepted in compliance from requirements p. .

6.4 . While ensuring acceptable microclimate values \u200b\u200bat workplaces:

· the air temperature difference in height should be no more than 3° FROM ;

· horizontal air temperature difference,   as well as its changes during the shift should not exceed:

In this case, the absolute values \u200b\u200bof the air temperature should not go beyond the values \u200b\u200bspecified in the table. for certain categories of work.

Number of measurement sites

100 to 400

The number of sites is determined by the distance between them, which should not exceed 10 m.

measurement range

Marginal deviation

Dry air temperature, ° С

from -30 to 50

± 0, 2

Air temperature using a wet thermometer ° FROM

± 0,2

Surface temperature ° FROM

± 0,5

Relative humidity, %

± 5,0

Air velocity, m / s

± 0, 05

± 0,1

The intensity of thermal radiation, W / m 2

from 10 to 350

± 5,0

± 50,0

7.14 . Based on the results of the study, it is necessary to draw up a protocol in which general information about the production facility, the location of technological and sanitary equipment, sources of heat, cooling and moisture should be reflected, the layout of microclimate parameters measuring sections and other data are given.

7.15 . In the conclusion of the protocol, an assessment of the results of the measurements made should be given for compliance with regulatory requirements.

  Annex 1
(informative)

Characteristics of certain categories of work

1 . Categories of work are distinguished on the basis of the intensity of energy consumption in kcal / h (W).

2. Category I and includes work with an intensity of energy consumption of up to 120 kcal / h (up to 139 W), performed while sitting and accompanied by insignificant physical stress (a number of professions at the enterprises of precision instrument-making and machine-building, watchmaking, clothing, in the field of control, etc.) .

3. Category I b include work with an intensity of energy consumption of 121 - 150 kcal / h (140 - 174 W), performed while sitting, standing or associated with walking and accompanied by some physical stress (a number of professions in the printing industry, in communications, controllers, craftsmen in various types of production etc.).

4 . Category II a includes work with an intensity of energy consumption of 151 - 200 kcal / h (175 - 232 W) associated with constant walking, moving small (up to 1 kg) products or items in a standing or sitting position and requiring a certain physical stress (a number of professions in mechanical assembly shops machine-building enterprises, in spinning and weaving, etc.).

5 . Category II b include work with an intensity of energy consumption of 201 - 250 kcal / h (233 - 290 W) associated with walking, moving and carrying heavy loads of up to 10 kg and accompanied by moderate physical stress (a number of professions in mechanized foundry, rolling, forging, thermal, welding shops machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

6. Category III   include work with an intensity of energy consumption of more than 250 kcal / h (more than 290 W), associated with constant movement, movement and carrying of significant (over 10 kg) heavy loads and requiring great physical effort (a number of professions in blacksmith shops with manual forging, foundries with manual stuffing and filling the flasks of engineering and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

Determination of the thermal load index of the medium (Tns index)

1 . The index of the thermal load of the medium (TNS-index) is an empirical indicator characterizing the combined effect of the microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity and thermal radiation) on the human body.

2 . The TNS index is determined based on the temperature of the wetted thermometer of an aspiration psychrometer (t ow ) and the temperature inside the blackened sphere (t w).

3 . The temperature inside the blackened ball is measured by a thermometer, the reservoir of which is placed in the center of the blackened hollow ball;t w   reflects the effects of air temperature, surface temperature, and air velocity. The blackened sphere should have a diameter of 90 mm, the smallest possible thickness and an absorption coefficient of 0.95. Accuracy of temperature measurement inside the ball± 0.5 ° C.

4 . The TNS index is calculated by the equation:

5 . The TNS-index is recommended to be used for the integral assessment of the thermal load of the medium at workplaces where the air velocity does not exceed 0.6 m / s and the intensity of thermal radiation is 1200 W / m 2.

6 . The method of measuring and monitoring the HPS index is similar to the method of measuring and monitoring air temperature (p.p.   - IIb (233 - 290)

19,5 - 23, 9

III (over 290)

18,0 - 21, 8

Operating time at tempera tworkplace air level above or below acceptable values

1 . In order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling, when the air temperature at the workplace is higher or lower than the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total for a shift) should be limited to the values \u200b\u200bindicated in table.   and table of this application. At the same time, the average shift in air temperature at which workers are at workplaces and places of rest during the shift should not go beyond the allowable air temperature for the corresponding categories of work indicated in Table.1

5, 5

Mid-shift   air temperature (t c)   calculated by the formula:

  Where

t in1, t in2, ... t in n -   air temperature (° C) in the relevant areas of the workplace;

τ 1, τ 2, ..., τ n   - time (h) of the work on the relevant sections of the workplace;

8   - the duration of the work shift (h).

Other indicators of the microclimate (relative humidity, air velocity, surface temperature, intensity of thermal radiation) at the workplace should be within the permissible values \u200b\u200bof these Sanitary Rules.

Bibliographic data

1 . P Guide 2.2.4 / 2.1.8. Hygienic assessment and control of the physical factors of production and the environment (under approval).

2 SNiP 2.01.01 . "Construction climatology and geophysics."

3 . Guidelines  “Assessment of a person’s thermal state in order to justify hygienic requirements for the microclimate of workplaces and measures for the prevention of cooling and overheating” No. 5168-90 of 03.03.90. In: Hygienic basis for the prevention of the adverse effects of industrial microclimate on the human body. V. 43, M. 1991, p. 192 - 211.

4 . Guide P 2.2.013-94. Occupational health. Hygienic criteria for assessing working conditions by indicators of harmfulness and danger of factors of the working environment, severity and intensity of the labor process. Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia, M., 1994, 42 pp.

5 . GOST 12.1.005-88   "General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air in the working area."

6 . Building regulations.SNiP 2.04.05-91   "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning."



One of the main tasks of the employer can be considered to ensure a favorable microclimate in the workplace.

However, many employers do not comply with temperature requirements, thereby violating the law.

What should be the temperature in the room according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

Article navigation

Does the employer have to monitor the temperature in the room?

Article 212 can provide an answer to this question, according to which the employer will be held administratively liable for sanitary work that has not been completed on time.

The list of these measures includes compliance temperature conditionestablished by the Sanitary Norms and Regulations (SanPiN), since too low or vice versa high temperature can lead to a decrease in energy level and, as a result, its performance.

Accordingly, if the employer evades this duty, he violates the law and must be punished.

We can say that the employer is obliged to monitor the temperature throughout the entire working period.

Temperature conditions at different times of the year

The temperature in the summertime according to the Labor Code should not be higher:

• 28 degrees Celsius for 8 hours of operation.
• 30 degrees Celsius for 5 hours of operation.
• 31 degrees Celsius for 3 hours of operation.
• 32 degrees Celsius for 2 hours of operation.
• 32.5 degrees Celsius for 1 hour of work.

Operation at temperatures above 32.5 degrees is considered hazardous. The employer has some to avoid the heat, namely: install special equipment in the work premises (air conditioners, fans) or reduce the number of working hours by special order.

The temperature in the room in the winter time under the Labor Code should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. If it does not meet the standards, the employer must install a heater in the working room or reduce the number of working hours. The Labor Code establishes the following temporary standards at low temperatures:

• no more than 7 hours of operation at 19 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 6 hours of operation at 18 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 5 hours of operation at 17 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 4 hours of operation at 16 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 3 hours of operation at 15 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 2 hours of operation at 14 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 1 hour of work at 13 degrees Celsius.

Labor standards have determined that working at temperatures below 13 degrees Celsius is dangerous.

Summarizing the above data, we can say that the room temperature in the summer should not exceed 28 degrees Celsius, and in the winter should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius.

What should an employee do if the employer does not observe the temperature regime?

Wage workers often face negligent employer attitudes. What to do in this case? There are several options:

• ask the employer to normalize the temperature using equipment (air conditioning, heater)
• require reduced working hours in accordance with the standards
• will appeal to Rospotrebnadzor
• seek help from the labor inspectorate

In the latter two cases, a special check will be carried out at the place of work, during which it will be established whether an offense has been committed.

As a result, we can say that the employee has several legitimate methods of influencing.

What punishment does the employer face for non-compliance with the temperature regime?

In accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses, the employer who violated sanitary standards, will be fined up to 20 thousand rubles, or his activities will be suspended for a certain period.

It is worth noting that violations of the temperature regime can be detected only by a special service, SES. As a result, any legal entity that violates the Labor Code of the Russian Federation will be punished.

Based on all of the above, it can be concluded that the employer must control the correct temperature in for 8 hours of work: not higher than 28 degrees Celsius in the summer, not lower than 20 degrees Celsius in the winter.

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Work in the heat  the office is harder than usual. And everyone is looking for at least some reason to reduce this painful time for themselves.

You can make the working day shorter, but carefully. After all, hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and regulations. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "establishes that the temperature in the office room in the warm season should not exceed +28.

But what is the length of the working day if the air temperature in the office is higher?

+28,5   - the working day is no more than 7 hours;

+29   - 6 o'clock;

+29,5   - 5.5 hours;

+30   - 5:00;

+30,5   - 4 hours;

+31   - 3 hours;

+31,5   - 2.5 hours;

+32   - 2 hours;

+32,5   - 1 hour.

I would like to draw a feature to the following nuances:

MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
  RUSSIAN FEDERATION

INFORMATION on August 6, 2010

RECOMMENDATIONS
   ON THE ORGANIZATION OF LABOR AND RECREATION OF EMPLOYEES UNDER CONDITIONS
   EXTREME HIGH TEMPERATURES AND HUMIDITY

Currently, in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, including Moscow, an emergency has arisen due to extremely high air temperature, as well as severe smoke pollution due to forest fires.

The combination of the effects of these factors has an extremely adverse effect on the health of working citizens.

In accordance with article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employer is required to provide safe and healthy working conditions for workers.

In order to prevent the adverse effects of these factors on human health and working capacity, to protect workers from possible overheating, the time spent in the workplace (continuously or in total per shift) in accordance with the Sanitary Rules and Rules 2.2.4.548-96 approved by the Resolution of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of Russia of 01.10 .1996 No. 21, may be limited by the following values:

Duration of stay at workplaces at air temperature above admissible values

Workplace air temperature, ° C	Duration of stay, no more with categories of work, h
	Ia - Ib (work performed while sitting or standing with minor physical exertion)	IIa - IIb (work associated with constant movement (walking), moderate physical exertion, carrying and moving weights up to 10 kg)	III (work associated with constant movement (walking), significant physical exertion, carrying and moving heavy loads over 10 kg)
32,5	1	-	-
32,0	2	-	-
31,5	2,5	1	-
31,0	3	2	-
30,5	4	2,5	1
30,0	5	3	2
29,5	5,5	4	2,5
29,0	6	5	3
28,5	7	5,5	4
28,0	8	6	5
27,5	8	7	5,5
27,0	8	8	6
26,5	8	8	7
26,0	8	8	8

In addition, in order to prevent the adverse effects of these factors, the employer can use protective measures (local air conditioning systems, air showering, personal protective equipment - in particular, wet gauze bandages and respirators, rest rooms, regulation of working hours, in particular, breaks in work, etc.).

In the event of a decrease in the duration of daily work (shift), the remuneration of workers for the time by which the working time is reduced may be made in accordance with part 2 of Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation as downtime for reasons not dependent on the employer and employee, in the amount not less than two thirds of the tariff rate (salary, official salary), calculated in proportion to the downtime.

Rospotrebnadzor recommendations of July 30, 2014 for those working in conditions of elevated air temperatures

The effect of the heating microclimate has a harmful effect on the body of the worker, contributing to a deterioration in well-being, a decrease in working capacity and a violation of health.

The hot weather established over most of the territory of the Russian Federation, at which the air temperature exceeds the long-term average values \u200b\u200bfor a given period of the year, leads to a deterioration in the working conditions of workers in open areas, in industrial and public premises without air conditioning.

Work in the heating microclimate must be carried out subject to measures for the prevention of overheating and recommendations regarding the mode of work outlined in the memo.

Instruction for working in conditions of elevated air temperature.

To prevent overheating of the body (hyperthermia), it is necessary to organize a rational mode of operation. When working in the open air and an outside temperature of 35 ° C or higher, the duration of the periods of continuous operation should be 15 to 20 minutes, followed by a rest period of at least 10 to 12 minutes in refrigerated rooms. In this case, the permissible total duration of the thermal load for a shift should not exceed 4 - 5 hours, for persons using special clothing to protect against heat radiation and 1.5 - 2 hours for persons without special clothing.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must provide his subordinates with not only safety, but also such conditions under which labor protection standards are observed. In particular, adopted at the state level. Articles of the Labor Code 209 and 212 regulate the requirements for an event that creates the appropriate sanitary conditions and sanitary conditions.

What does the law say?

Sanitary standards that relate to humidity and temperature of industrial and office premises should be highlighted. All necessary numbers are contained in SanPiN 2.2.4.548962. This is the main document, according to which normal working conditions must be ensured, in particular, humidity conditions in the room and other important factors.

An increased degree of ambient air can be considered one of the strongest factors that inhibit working capacity. The mentioned sanitary standards determine that the temperature in the room during the summer period should not be higher than 25 ° С. Relative humidity does not have the right to fall below 40%. It is with these values \u200b\u200bthat the necessary thermal comfort can be provided throughout the entire working day or shift.

Compliance with these conditions does not lead to deviations in the well-being of workers and creates the necessary conditions for normal work. Ensuring the optimal microclimate in production facilities without fail requires the employer to equip the workshop or office with heating, as well as ventilation and air conditioning systems.

Do not break the law!

The absence or malfunction of any of these systems leads to unacceptable temperature rises and poses a threat to the health of workers. This in itself is a violation of the law.

In this case, employees are divided into categories. For example, office employees are assigned sanitary standards to category A. If the temperature in the workplace rises above certain figures, they are entitled to reduce working time by the time period that will be described below.

The required microclimate indicators are given in section seven of SanPiN. The temperature does not meet the standards, can cause a legitimate reduction of the working day. At the same time, the organization is required to organize a commission, the task of which is to measure it indoors.

And then what?

The results of such an examination are recorded in a protocol. It provides the data obtained and is compared with the normative. Shortening of the working day occurs on the basis of the order in accordance with the requirements given in SanPiN. The document must contain a link to the protocol with the data of temperature measurements.

This is done to protect employees from possible damage to health due to cooling or overheating. It should be borne in mind that from a legal point of view, one should distinguish between the concepts of the time spent at one's workplace and the duration of a shift or work day.

As the aforementioned SanPiN states, the temperature at the workplace should be such that the presence of people in the production environment is brought into compliance with hygiene requirements. Moreover, they rely on Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

What can be done

As ways to solve this problem, you should consider additional breaks, earlier departure of employees to their homes, transferring them to other jobs, equipment of special rooms for recreation.

If the employer refuses to comply with these requirements, he can be charged simultaneously with two offenses. This is, firstly, a violation of sanitary rules ( temperature norms  at work do not comply with regulatory indicators). Secondly, it is directly ignored since the work of people occurs in conditions not suitable for this.

If the employer is inactive in this situation and his refusal to provide employees with other work, the time spent in adverse conditions is equal in duration to the daily working day (shift). That is, we can talk about overtime for employees on the initiative of the employer with all the ensuing legal and financial consequences.

How to take care of yourself

What can ordinary employees do to normalize the situation in the field of ensuring their own rights to safe and comfortable working conditions? In the event that the temperature norms at the workplace are not respected, they are encouraged to file complaints simultaneously with the authorities of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and the Administrative Offenses Code of the Russian Federation in such cases, provides for fines for legal entities, the amount of which is on the same order as the costs required to equip the workplace with fans and air conditioners.

As you know, our people are used to working in any conditions. It is sometimes striking to what extent the norms of the temperature regime at the workplace can be violated. People have to work, clanging their teeth from the cold or literally panting due to unbearable heat. This also applies to mental workers who spend days at a “civilized” office. The labor process in such inappropriate conditions has become so familiar that people no longer think about the violation of their legal rights.

Temperature standards in the workplace

Of course, both jobs and activities can vary greatly. A bank employee is in some conditions, a loader or crane operator - in completely different conditions. In this regard, standards have been developed for each individual profession.

Any type of work belongs to one of the available categories for which the necessary microclimatic conditions and the permissible temperature range are prescribed. Unfortunately, to consider all of them in one article is unrealistic. Therefore, we dwell on the working conditions of office workers.

What should we know?

Perhaps for someone this information will sound for the first time. Do you know that if you are forced to work at a temperature that does not meet established standards, then you have every right to reduce your working time?

Probably many, having read these lines, will only grin. Anyone in our country knows what it is like to achieve law and justice, including in the workplace. Nevertheless, the possession of this information will allow you to “pump up rights” in necessary cases, seeking the opportunity to take a leave early home or even ask the employer the question of paying overtime if you fail to comply with temperature standards at the workplace in the office.

In any organization, there will always be an active “backbone” of workers who will seek justice by writing complaints and all sorts of pressure on management. We hope this information will help them in this matter.

We arm ourselves with a thermometer

So, we measure the temperature at our workplace. It should not be more than 23-25 \u200b\u200b° C. It's about working in the summer. If winter is outside, these figures are from 22 to 24 °. In this case, the readings of the thermometer should be linked to air humidity, the permissible values \u200b\u200bof which are from 40 to 60%.

Of course, the temperature can deviate from the required by some allowable value, which is 1 or 2 degrees, but no more. Throughout the working day, the temperature change should not be more than 4 degrees.

If these conditions are met, you must work in the office for a full 8 hours. If the temperature reached 29 ° С per day (that is, it exceeded the maximum permissible by 4 ° С), your requirement to allow you to leave work earlier exactly one hour will be completely legal.

With a 30-degree heat, you have the right to work no more than 6 hours. If the thermometer rolls over 32.5 ° C, theoretically you have the right to work no more than an hour.

If the street is cold

A similar situation is with work on cold winter days. If the thermometer is only 19 degrees Celsius, the duration of the working day is 7 hours, at 18 degrees - 6. At the same time, the exact temperature is measured at a height of about a meter from the floor.

The question is whether such scrupulous measurements will bring practical benefits, coupled with the requirements for the employer to strictly comply with the rules and regulations? The fact is that the latter, most likely, will be more profitable once to spend money on installing an air conditioner or heater instead of regularly paying fines for violation with concomitant hassle.

Therefore, if you value your own health, do not be afraid of the authorities. Your goal is to ensure that the temperature standards in the workplace are respected. If you possess the information contained in the legislative documents designed to protect the average employee and show due perseverance, it is quite possible to achieve justice.

Of course, working in an office banging your teeth from the cold or panting from the heat does not have the best effect on your health. Few people think about the conditions under which they work. The workflow becomes habitual even if it does not comply with the laws in the Labor Code.

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Temperature in the workplace and its effect on the duration of your work

Naturally, the work itself and workplace  are different. It is impossible to put the working conditions of a loader, banker and bulldozer on the same level. Each profession has acceptable temperature standards in which people are allowed to work. According to "Appendix No. 1 GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General Sanitary and Hygienic Requirements for the Air of the Working Area", all types of work are divided into certain categories, which have their own acceptable ranges and microclimatic conditions.

In this article we will talk more about working conditions in the office, and more precisely, about its temperature regime.

For some, perhaps the following information will be a revelation. Did you know that a temperature that is not in accordance with the standards laid down in the labor code reduces your hours of work?

Now someone giggled, because everyone is well aware that in our country, as a rule, it is difficult to achieve justice and legality, but still. Knowing this information, naturally your working day will not be reduced to one hour, but there will be an extra reason to leave home early or demand money for overtime.

Of course, the most active employees can write complaints about the management, which refuses to provide optimal temperature conditions  work. We sincerely believe that you will succeed in this venture.

We measure the temperature at the workplace in the office

And so, where to look at permissible humidity and temperature. “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "- this is exactly the official document that you need. It contains clearly defined requirements for the temperature regime in the office. Based on these laws, feel free to go to the manual and demand a workplace that meets all the established rules.

According to certain temperature standards, in the summertime, office workers should not be hotter than 23-25 \u200b\u200bdegrees. If we are talking about the cold season, then 22-24 degrees. permissible values \u200b\u200bof the thermometer, provided that the humidity is 40-60%.

Naturally, there are acceptable norms of deviation, which are only 1 or 2 degrees, no more. During the working day, the temperature can change by no more than four degrees.

In approximately such conditions, you are required to work in an office lasting 8 hours. When the temperature rises by one degree (for example, the permissible temperature is 25 degrees, but, during the day, it rises by 4 degrees, which does not comply with the law), demand to leave work early, namely for an hour. That is, if it is 29 degrees, then the working day at the office is only 7 hours, 30 degrees - 6 hours, etc.

When the thermometer in the office crossed the 32.5 mark, after an hour you have the right to go home.

Approximately the same situation in the cold season. At a temperature of 19 degrees, the working day is 7 hours, 18 degrees. - 6 hours, etc.

To accurately determine the temperature, it is necessary to hang the thermometer to a height of 1 meter from the floor.

In general, it will be more profitable for the employer to install an air conditioner or heater at the workplace rather than pay the fine provided for by the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation for not observing sanitary rules. Therefore, do not be shy and do not be afraid of your superiors. Ensure that your workplace can work comfortably and pleasantly. Rely on all of the above laws and regulations, and you will definitely be able to restore justice.