State system of sanitary and epidemiological
rationing Russian Federation

Federal Sanitary Rules, Norms and Hygiene
standards

2.2.4. PHYSICAL FACTORS
PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT

Hygienic requirements for the microclimate
industrial premises

Sanitary rules and regulations

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

Russian Ministry of Health

Moscow 1997

1 . Developed by: Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (Afanas'eva R.F., Repin G.N., Mikhailova N.S., Bessonova N.A., Burmistrova O.V., Losik T.K.); Moscow Research Institute of Hygiene. F.F. Erisman (Ustyushin B.V.); with the participation of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases (Sinitsina E.V., Chashchin V.P.); Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia (Lytkin B.G., Kucherenko A.I.).

2 . Approved and put into effect by the Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996, No. 21.

3 . Introduced instead of the "Sanitary norms for the microclimate of industrial premises", approved by the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated 31.03.86, No. 4088-86.

Law of the RSFSR "On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population"

“Sanitary rules, norms and hygienic standards (hereinafter referred to as sanitary rules) are regulations that establish criteria for the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors for a person and requirements for ensuring favorable conditions for his life.

Sanitary rules are mandatory for all government bodies and public associations, enterprises and other economic entities, organizations and institutions, regardless of their subordination and form of ownership, officials and citizens” (Article 3).

“A sanitary offense is an unlawful, guilty (intentional or careless) act (action or inaction) associated with non-compliance with the sanitary legislation of the RSFSR, including the current sanitary rules¼

Officials and citizens of the RSFSR who have committed a sanitary offense may be brought to disciplinary, administrative and criminal liability” (Article 27).

APPROVED

Decree of the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia dated October 1, 1996 No. 21

Date of introduction: from the moment of approval

2.2.4 . PHYSICAL FACTORS
PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT

Hygienic requirements for the microclimate
industrial premises

Hygienic requirements for occupational microclimate

Sanitary rules and regulations

SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

1. General provisions and scope

1.1 . These Sanitary Rules and Norms (hereinafter referred to as the Sanitary Rules) are intended to prevent the adverse effects of the microclimate of workplaces, industrial premises on well-being, functional state, performance and human health.

1.2 . These Sanitary Rules apply to microclimate indicators at workplaces of all types of industrial premises and are mandatory for all enterprises and organizations. References to the obligation to comply with the requirements of these sanitary rules should be included in regulatory and technical documents: standards, building codes and regulations, specifications and other regulatory and technical documents regulating the operational characteristics of production facilities, technological, engineering and sanitary equipment, which determine the provision hygienic standards of the microclimate.

1.3 . In accordance with Articles 9 and 34 of the Law of the RSFSR "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population", organizations must carry out production control over compliance with the requirements of the Sanitary Rules and the implementation of preventive measures aimed at preventing the occurrence of diseases working in production premises, as well as monitoring compliance with working conditions and recreation and the implementation of measures for the collective and individual protection of workers from the adverse effects of the microclimate.

1.4 . Heads of enterprises, organizations and institutions, regardless of the form of ownership and subordination, in order to ensure production control, are obliged to bring workplaces in line with the requirements for the microclimate provided for by these Sanitary Rules.

1.5 . State sanitary and epidemiological supervision and control over the implementation of these Sanitary Rules is carried out by bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation, and departmental sanitary and epidemiological supervision and control - by bodies and institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological profile of the relevant ministries and departments.

1.6 . State sanitary and epidemiological supervision over the construction of new and reconstruction of existing industrial premises is carried out at the stages of project development and commissioning of facilities, taking into account the nature of the technological process and the compliance of engineering and sanitary equipment with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules and Building Codes and Rules "Heating, ventilation and conditioning".

1.7 . Project documentation for the construction and reconstruction of industrial premises must be agreed with the bodies and institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Russia.

1.8 . The commissioning of industrial premises in order to assess the compliance of the hygienic parameters of the microclimate with the requirements of these Sanitary Rules must be carried out with the mandatory participation of representatives of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance of the Russian Federation.

2. Normative references

2.1 . Law of the RSFSR "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population".

2.2 . Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Regulation, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 5, 1994, No. 625.

2.3 . Management " General requirements to the construction, presentation and execution of sanitary-hygienic and epidemiological regulatory and methodological documents "of February 9, 1994 R 1.1.004-94.

3. Terms and definitions

3.1 . Production premises- enclosed spaces in specially designed buildings and structures in which people work constantly (in shifts) or periodically (during the working day).

3.2 . Working place- a section of the premises where labor activities are carried out during the working shift or part of it. A workplace can be several sections of a production facility. If these areas are located throughout the premises, then the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises is considered the workplace.

3.3 . Cold period of the year - the period of the year, characterized by an average daily temperature of the outside air, equal to +10 °C and below.

3.4 . Warm period of the year- the period of the year, characterized by an average daily temperature of the outside air above +10 °C.

3. 5 . Average daily temperature outdoor air- the average value of the outdoor air temperature, measured at certain hours of the day at regular intervals. It is taken according to the meteorological service.

3.6 . delimitation works on categories is carried out on the basis of the intensity of the total energy consumption of the body in kcal / h (W). Characteristic certain categories works ( I a, Ib, II a, II b, III ) is presented in the appendix .

3.7 environments (TNS) - the combined effect on the human body of microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity, thermal radiation), expressed as a single-number indicator in ° C.

4. General requirements and microclimate indicators

4.1 . Sanitary rules establish hygienic requirements for the indicators of the microclimate of workplaces in industrial premises, taking into account the intensity of energy consumption of workers, the time of work, periods of the year, and contain requirements for methods for measuring and controlling microclimatic conditions.

4.2 . Microclimate indicators should ensure the preservation of the thermal balance of a person with the environment and the maintenance of an optimal or acceptable thermal state of the body.

4.3 . The indicators characterizing the microclimate in industrial premises are:

· air temperature;

· surface temperature*;

· relative humidity;

· air speed;

· intensity of thermal radiation.

* The temperature of the surfaces of enclosing structures (walls, ceiling, floor), devices (screens, etc.), as well as technological equipment or its enclosing devices, is taken into account.

5. Optimal microclimate conditions

5.1 . Optimal microclimatic conditions are established according to the criteria for the optimal thermal and functional state of a person. They provide a general and local feeling of thermal comfort during an 8-hour work shift with minimal stress on thermoregulatory mechanisms, do not cause deviations in health status, create prerequisites for a high level of performance and are preferred in the workplace.

5.2 . The optimal values ​​of the microclimate indicators must be observed at the workplaces of industrial premises where operator-type work associated with neuro-emotional stress is performed (in cabins, on consoles and control posts for technological processes, in computer rooms, etc.). The list of other jobs and types of work in which optimal microclimate values ​​must be ensured are determined by the Sanitary Rules for individual industries and other documents agreed with the bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance in the prescribed manner.

5.3 . The optimal parameters of the microclimate at the workplace should correspond to the values ​​​​given in Table. , in relation to the performance of work of various categories in the cold and warm periods of the year.

5.4 . Changes in air temperature along the height and horizontally, as well as changes in air temperature during the shift, while ensuring optimal microclimate values ​​at workplaces, should not exceed 2 ° C and go beyond the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table. for certain categories of work.

Table 1

Optimal values ​​of microclimate indicators at workplaces of industrial premises

		Air temperature, ° FROM	surface temperature, ° FROM	Relative humidity, %	Air speed, m/s
Cold
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (more than 290)
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (more than 290)						Air temperature, ° FROM		surface temperature, ° FROM	Relative humidity , %	Air speed, m/s
range below optimal values	range above optimal values	for a range of air temperatures below the optimum values , no more	for a range of air temperatures above the optimum values , no more**
Cold		20,0 - 21, 9				0, 1
	Ib (140 - 174)		23,1 - 24, 0
	IIa (175 - 232)
	IIb (233 - 290)	15,0 - 16, 9
	III (more than 290)						0, 4
		21, 0 - 22,9	25, 1 - 28,0
	Ib (140 - 174)
	IIa (175 - 232)	18,0 - 19, 9	22,1 - 27, 0
	IIb (233 - 290)
	III (more than 290)

*At temperatures air 25 ° FROM and above maximum quantities relative humidity air must accepted in compliance With requirements P. .

** At temperatures air 26 - 28 ° FROM speed movements air in warm period of the year must accepted in compliance With requirements P. .

6.4 . When ensuring acceptable microclimate values ​​at workplaces:

· the air temperature difference along the height should be no more than 3° FROM ;

· horizontal air temperature difference, as well as its changes during the shift should not exceed:

In this case, the absolute values ​​of the air temperature should not go beyond the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table. for certain categories of work.

Number of measurement sites

100 to 400

The number of sections is determined by the distance between them, which should not exceed 10 m.

measurement range

Limit deviation

Air temperature according to dry bulb, °С

-30 to 50

± 0, 2

Wet bulb temperature, ° FROM

± 0,2

surface temperature, ° FROM

± 0,5

Relative humidity, %

± 5,0

Air speed, m/s

± 0, 05

± 0,1

Intensity of thermal irradiation, W / m 2

from 10 to 350

± 5,0

± 50,0

7.14 . According to the results of the study, it is necessary to draw up a protocol, which should reflect general information about the production facility, the placement of technological and sanitary equipment, sources of heat release, cooling and moisture release, a diagram of the location of areas for measuring microclimate parameters and other data.

7.15 . At the conclusion of the protocol, an assessment of the results of the performed measurements for compliance with regulatory requirements should be given.

Attachment 1
(reference)

Characteristics of individual categories of work

1 . Categories of work are delimited on the basis of the intensity of energy consumption of the body in kcal / h (W).

2. Category I and include work with an intensity of energy consumption up to 120 kcal / h (up to 139 W), performed while sitting and accompanied by slight physical stress (a number of professions in precision instrumentation and engineering enterprises, in watchmaking, clothing production, in the field of management, etc.) .

3 . Category I b include work with an intensity of energy consumption of 121 - 150 kcal / h (140 - 174 W), performed while sitting, standing or walking and accompanied by some physical stress (a number of professions in the printing industry, in communication enterprises, controllers, masters in various types production, etc.).

four . Category II a includes work with an intensity of energy consumption of 151 - 200 kcal / h (175 - 232 W), associated with constant walking, moving small (up to 1 kg) products or objects in a standing or sitting position and requiring a certain physical stress (a number of professions in mechanical assembly shops machine-building enterprises, in spinning and weaving, etc.).

5 . Category II b includes work with an intensity of energy consumption of 201 - 250 kcal / h (233 - 290 W), associated with walking, moving and carrying loads up to 10 kg and accompanied by moderate physical stress (a number of professions in mechanized foundry, rolling, forging, thermal, welding shops machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

6. Category III include work with an energy intensity of more than 250 kcal / h (more than 290 W), associated with constant movement, moving and carrying significant (over 10 kg) weights and requiring great physical effort (a number of professions in blacksmith shops with manual forging, foundries with manual stuffing and casting molding boxes of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises, etc.).

Determination of the thermal load index of the environment (TNS index)

1 . The thermal load index of the environment (THS-index) is an empirical indicator that characterizes the combined effect of microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity and thermal radiation) on the human body.

2 . The THC index is determined on the basis of the wet bulb temperature values ​​of the aspiration psychrometer ( t ow ) and temperature inside the blackened sphere ( t w ).

3 . The temperature inside the blackened sphere is measured by a thermometer, the reservoir of which is placed in the center of the blackened hollow sphere; t w reflects the influence of air temperature, surface temperature and air velocity. The blackened ball shall have a diameter of 90 mm, the smallest possible thickness and an absorption coefficient of 0.95. Temperature measurement accuracy inside the ball± 0.5 °C.

4 . TNS-index is calculated according to the equation:

5 . The THC-index is recommended to be used for an integral assessment of the thermal load of the environment at workplaces where the air velocity does not exceed 0.6 m/s, and the intensity of thermal radiation is 1200 W/m 2 .

6 . The method for measuring and controlling the THC index is similar to the method for measuring and controlling air temperature (p.p.- IIb (233 - 290)

19,5 - 23, 9

III (more than 290)

18,0 - 21, 8

Operating time at tempera tair pressure at the workplace is above or below the permissible values

1 . In order to protect workers from possible overheating or cooling, when the air temperature at the workplace is higher or lower than the permissible values, the time spent at the workplace (continuously or in total per shift) should be limited to the values ​​\u200b\u200bspecified in Table. and tab. of this application. At the same time, the average shift air temperature at which workers are during the work shift at their workplaces and places of rest should not go beyond the permissible air temperature values ​​​​for the corresponding categories of work indicated in Table. 1

5, 5

Average shift air temperature ( t in ) calculated by the formula:

where

t in1, t in2, … t in n - air temperature (°C) in the relevant areas of the workplace;

τ 1 , τ 2 , …, τ n - time (h) to perform work in the relevant areas of the workplace;

8 - duration of the work shift (h).

Other indicators of the microclimate (relative air humidity, air velocity, surface temperature, intensity of thermal radiation) at workplaces must be within the allowable values ​​of these Sanitary Rules.

Bibliographic data

one . P Guide 2.2.4/2.1.8. Hygienic assessment and control of physical factors of production and environment(under approval).

2 SNiP 2.01.01 . "Construction climatology and geophysics".

3 . Guidelines"Assessment of the thermal state of a person in order to justify hygienic requirements for the microclimate of workplaces and measures to prevent cooling and overheating" No. 5168-90 dated 05.03.90. In: Hygienic bases for the prevention of the adverse effects of the industrial microclimate on the human body. V. 43, M. 1991, p. 192 - 211.

four . Guide P 2.2.013-94. Labor hygiene. Hygienic criteria for assessing working conditions in terms of harmfulness and danger of factors in the working environment, the severity and intensity of the labor process. Goskomsanepidnadzor of Russia, M., 1994, 42 p.

5 . GOST 12.1.005-88 "General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air working area».

6 . Building regulations. SNiP 2.04.05-91 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning".



One of the main tasks of the employer can be considered the provision of a favorable microclimate in the workplace.

However, many tenants do not comply with the temperature requirements, thereby violating the law.

What should be the temperature in the room according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

Article navigation

Is the employer obligated to monitor the temperature in the room?

Article 212 can answer this question, according to which the employer will be held administratively liable for sanitary work not carried out on time.

The list of these measures also includes compliance with the temperature regime established by the Sanitary Norms and Rules (SanPiN), since too low or vice versa high temperature can lead to a decrease in the energy level and, as a result, its performance.

Accordingly, if the employer evades this obligation, he violates the law and must be punished.

We can say that the employer is obliged to monitor the temperature during the entire working period.

Temperature regimes at different times of the year

The temperature in the room in the summer, according to the Labor Code, should not be higher than:

• 28 degrees Celsius for 8 hours of operation.
• 30 degrees Celsius for 5 hours of operation.
• 31 degrees Celsius for 3 hours of operation.
• 32 degrees Celsius for 2 hours of operation.
• 32.5 degrees Celsius for 1 hour of operation.

Working at temperatures above 32.5 degrees is considered dangerous. The employer has some way to avoid the heat, namely: install special equipment (air conditioners, fans) in the work premises or reduce the number of working hours by special order.

The temperature in the room in winter, according to the Labor Code, should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. If it does not meet the standards, the employer must install a heater in the workroom or reduce the number of working hours. The Labor Code establishes the following temporary standards at low temperatures:

• no more than 7 hours of operation at 19 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 6 hours of operation at 18 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 5 hours of operation at 17 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 4 hours of operation at 16 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 3 hours of operation at 15 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 2 hours of operation at 14 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 1 hour of operation at 13 degrees Celsius.

Labor regulations have established that working at temperatures below 13 degrees Celsius is dangerous.

Summarizing the above data, we can say that the temperature in the room in summer period should not exceed 28 degrees Celsius, and in winter should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius.

What should an employee do if the employer does not comply with the temperature regime?

Salaried workers often face negligent attitude of the employer. What to do in this case? There are several options:

• ask the employer to normalize the temperature with the help of equipment (air conditioning, heater)
• demand a reduction in hours of work in accordance with the regulations
• file a complaint with the CPS
• ask for help from the labor inspectorate

With the last two options, a special check will be conducted at the place of work, during which it will be established whether an offense has been committed.

As a result, we can say that the employee has several legitimate methods of influencing.

What punishment threatens the employer for non-compliance with the temperature regime?

In accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses, an employer who violates sanitary standards will be fined up to 20 thousand rubles, or his activity will be suspended for a certain period.

It should be noted that only a special service, SES, can detect violations of the temperature regime. As a result, any legal entity that violates the Labor Code of the Russian Federation will be subject to punishment.

Based on all of the above, we can conclude that the employer must control the correct temperature for 8 hours of work: no higher than 28 degrees Celsius in summer, no lower than 20 degrees Celsius in winter.

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work in the heat The office is harder than usual. And everyone is looking for at least some reason to shorten this painful time for themselves.

You can make the working day shorter, but be careful. After all, Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and regulations. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "establishes that the temperature in the office space during the warm season should not exceed +28.

And what is the length of the working day if the air temperature in the office is higher?

+28,5 - the working day is no more than 7 hours;

+29 - 6 hours;

+29,5 - 5.5 hours;

+30 - 5 o'clock;

+30,5 - 4 hours;

+31 - 3 hours;

+31,5 - 2.5 hours;

+32 - 2 hours;

+32,5 - 1 hour.

I would like to draw the feature to the following nuances:

MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
RUSSIAN FEDERATION

INFORMATION dated August 6, 2010

RECOMMENDATIONS
ON THE ORGANIZATION OF WORK AND REST REGIMES OF EMPLOYEES UNDER CONDITIONS
EXTREME HIGH TEMPERATURES AND SMOKE

Currently, in a number of regions of the Russian Federation, including Moscow, there is an emergency situation associated with extreme high temperature air, as well as heavy smoke due to forest fires.

The combination of these factors has an extremely adverse effect on the health of working citizens.

In accordance with Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees.

In order to prevent the adverse effects of these factors on human health and performance, to protect workers from possible overheating, the time spent at work (continuously or in total per shift) in accordance with Sanitary Norms and Rules 2.2.4. .1996 No. 21, may be limited to the following values:

Time spent at workplaces at air temperatures above the permissible values

Air temperature at the workplace, °C	Stay time, not more than for work categories, h
	Ia - Ib (work performed while sitting or standing with minor physical exertion)	IIa - IIb (works associated with constant movement (walking), moderate physical exertion, carrying and moving loads up to 10 kg)	III (work associated with constant movement (walking), significant physical exertion, carrying and moving loads over 10 kg)
32,5	1	-	-
32,0	2	-	-
31,5	2,5	1	-
31,0	3	2	-
30,5	4	2,5	1
30,0	5	3	2
29,5	5,5	4	2,5
29,0	6	5	3
28,5	7	5,5	4
28,0	8	6	5
27,5	8	7	5,5
27,0	8	8	6
26,5	8	8	7
26,0	8	8	8

In addition, in order to prevent the adverse effects of these factors, the employer can use protective measures (local air conditioning systems, air showering, personal protective equipment - in particular, wet gauze bandages and respirators, rest rooms, regulation of work hours, in particular, breaks in work, etc.).

In the event of a reduction in the duration of daily work (shift), remuneration of employees for the time for which the working time is reduced may be made in accordance with Part 2 of Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation as downtime for reasons beyond the control of the employer and employee, in the amount not less than two thirds of the tariff rate (salary, official salary), calculated in proportion to the idle time.

Recommendations of Rospotrebnadzor dated July 30, 2014 for those working in conditions of elevated air temperatures

The impact of a heating microclimate has a harmful effect on the body of a worker, contributing to a deterioration in well-being, a decrease in working capacity and a violation of health.

The hot weather that has settled in most of the territory of the Russian Federation, in which the air temperature exceeds the average long-term values ​​for this period of the year, leads to a deterioration in working conditions for workers in open areas, in industrial and public buildings without air conditioning.

Work in a heating microclimate must be carried out subject to the overheating prevention measures and recommendations regarding the mode of operation set out in the leaflet.

Memo for those working in conditions of high air temperature.

To prevent overheating of the body (hyperthermia), it is necessary to organize a rational mode of operation. When working in the open air and an outside air temperature of 35 ° C and above, the duration of periods of continuous work should be 15 - 20 minutes, followed by a rest period of at least 10 - 12 minutes in refrigerated rooms. At the same time, the permissible total duration of thermal load per shift should not exceed 4–5 hours for persons using special clothing for protection against thermal radiation and 1.5–2 hours for persons without special clothing.

According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must provide his subordinates not only with safety, but also with such conditions under which labor protection standards are observed. In particular, adopted at the state level. Articles 209 and 212 of the Labor Code regulate the requirements for activities that create appropriate sanitary and sanitary and hygienic conditions.

What does the law say?

It should be especially highlighted the sanitary standards that relate to the humidity and temperature of industrial and office premises. All the necessary figures are contained in SanPiN 2.2.4.548962. This is the main document, according to which normal working conditions must be ensured, in particular, the humidity standards in the room and other important factors.

An increased degree of ambient air can be considered one of the most powerful factors that depress performance. The mentioned sanitary norms determine that the temperature in the room during the summer period should not exceed 25 °C. Relative humidity does not have the right to fall below 40%. It is at such values ​​that the necessary thermal comfort can be provided throughout the working day or shift.

Compliance with these conditions does not lead to deviations in the well-being of workers and creates the necessary conditions for normal work. Ensuring an optimal microclimate in industrial premises without fail requires the employer to equip a workshop or office with heating, as well as ventilation and air conditioning systems.

Don't break the law!

The absence or malfunction of any of the listed systems leads to an unacceptable excess of temperature and poses a threat to the health of workers. This in itself is a violation of the law.

At the same time, employees are divided into categories. For example, office employees are assigned sanitary standards to category A. If the temperature at the workplace exceeds certain figures, they have the right to reduce working hours for the periods that will be described below.

The required microclimate indicators are given in the seventh section of SanPiN. Temperatures that do not meet the standards may cause a legitimate reduction in the working day. At the same time, the employer is required to organize a commission whose task is to measure it indoors.

And then what?

The results of such examination are documented in the protocol. It presents the obtained data and compares with the normative ones. The shortening of the working day occurs on the basis of an order in accordance with the requirements given in SanPiN. In this case, the document must contain a link to the protocol with temperature measurement data.

This is done to protect employees from possible damage to health due to cooling or overheating. It should be borne in mind that, from a legal point of view, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of the time spent at one's workplace and the duration of a shift or working day.

According to the mentioned SanPiN, the temperature in the workplace should be such that the presence of people in production conditions is brought into line with hygienic requirements. At the same time, they rely on Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

What can be done

As ways to solve this problem, additional breaks, earlier departure of employees at home, transferring them to other workplaces, and equipping special rooms for recreation should be considered.

If the employer refuses to comply with these requirements, he can be charged with two offenses simultaneously. It is, firstly, a violation of sanitary rules ( temperature norms in production do not meet the standard indicators). Secondly, it is directly ignored, since the work of people takes place in conditions that are not suitable for this.

If the employer fails to act in this situation and refuses to provide employees with other work, the time spent in adverse conditions is equal in duration to the daily working day (shift). That is, we can talk about overtime hours for employees at the initiative of the employer, with all the ensuing legal and financial consequences.

How to take care of yourself

What can ordinary employees do to normalize the situation in the field of ensuring their own rights to safe and comfortable working conditions? In the case when the temperature standards at the workplace are not observed, they are recommended to file complaints simultaneously with the bodies of Rospotrebnadzor and the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation in such cases provides for legal entities a fine, the amount of which is one order of magnitude with the costs required for equipping workplaces with fans and air conditioners.

As you know, our people are used to working in any conditions. It is sometimes surprising to what extent the norms of the temperature regime in the workplace can be violated. People have to work, grinding their teeth from the cold or literally suffocating due to the unbearable heat. This also applies to mental workers who spend their days in a "civilized" office. The labor process in such inappropriate conditions has become so familiar that people no longer think about violating their legal rights.

Temperature standards in the workplace

Of course, both jobs and activities can vary greatly. A bank employee is in one situation, a loader or a crane operator is in a completely different one. In this regard, standards have been developed for each individual profession.

Any type of work belongs to one of the available categories, for which the necessary microclimatic conditions and the permissible temperature range are prescribed. Unfortunately, it is unrealistic to consider all of them in one article. Therefore, we will dwell on the working conditions of office workers.

What should we know?

Perhaps for someone this information will sound for the first time. Did you know that if you are forced to work at a temperature that does not meet established standards, then you have every right to reduce your working hours?

Probably, many, having read these lines, will only smile. Anyone in our country knows what it's like to seek justice and justice, including in the workplace. Nevertheless, the knowledge of this information will allow in necessary cases“swing rights”, seeking the opportunity to take time off early home or even raise the issue of paying overtime before the employer, if it is impossible to force him to comply with the temperature standards at the workplace in the office.

In any organization there will always be an active "backbone" of employees who will seek justice by writing complaints and all kinds of pressure on management. We hope this information will help them in this matter.

Armed with a thermometer

So, we measure the temperature at our workplace. It should not be more than 23-25 ​​°C. It's about summer work. If it is winter outside, these figures range from 22 to 24 °. In this case, the thermometer readings must be linked to air humidity, the permissible values ​​\u200b\u200bof which are from 40 to 60%.

Of course, the temperature may deviate from the required one by a certain allowable value, which is 1 or 2 degrees, but no more. Throughout the working day, the temperature change should not be more than 4 degrees.

If these conditions are met, you are required to work a full 8 hours in the office. If the temperature for the day reached 29 ° C (that is, exceeded the maximum allowable by 4 ° C), it would be quite legitimate for you to demand that you be allowed to leave work exactly one hour earlier.

In 30-degree heat, you have the right to work no more than 6 hours. If the thermometer goes over 32.5 ° C, theoretically you have the right to work no more than an hour.

If it's cold outside

A similar situation is with work on cold winter days. If the thermometer is only 19 degrees Celsius, the duration of the working day is 7 hours, at 18 degrees - 6. In this case, an accurate temperature measurement is made at a height of about a meter from the floor.

The question is - will such rigorous measurements, coupled with the requirements for the employer to strictly comply with the rules and regulations, bring practical benefits? The fact is that the latter, most likely, will be more profitable to spend money on installing an air conditioner or heater once, instead of regularly paying fines for violations with the accompanying hassle.

So if you value own health, do not be afraid of the authorities. Your goal is to ensure that the temperature norms in the workplace are respected. If you own the information contained in the legislative documents designed to protect the ordinary worker, and show due perseverance, it is quite possible to achieve justice.

Of course, working in the office chattering your teeth from the cold or suffocating from the heat does not affect your health in the best way. Few people think about the conditions in which they work. The work process becomes familiar, even if it does not comply with the laws in the Labor Code.

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The temperature in the workplace and its impact on the duration of your work

Naturally, the work itself workplace are different. You can not put the working conditions of a loader, a banker and a bulldozer operator on the same bar. Each profession has permissible temperature standards in which people are allowed to work. According to "Appendix No. 1 GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for the air of the working area" all types of work are divided into certain categories, which have their own allowable ranges and microclimatic conditions.

In this article, we will talk more about working conditions in the office, or rather, about its temperature regime.

For some, perhaps the following information will be a revelation. Did you know that temperatures that don't meet the labor code limits cut your hours of work?

Now someone giggled, because everyone is well aware that in our country, as a rule, it is difficult to achieve justice and legality, but still. Knowing this information, of course, your working day will not be reduced to one hour, but there will be an extra reason to go home early or demand money for overtime.

Of course, the most active workers can write complaints about management that refuses to provide optimal temperature conditions work. We sincerely believe that you will succeed in this undertaking.

We measure the temperature at the workplace in the office

And so, where to look at the permissible humidity and temperature. “Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "- this is exactly the official document that you need. It contains clearly defined requirements for the temperature regime in the office. Based on these laws, boldly go to the management and demand a workplace that complies with all established rules.

According to certain temperature standards, in the workplace of office employees, in the summer, it should not be hotter than 23-25 ​​degrees. If a we are talking about the cold season, then 22-24 degrees. permissible readings of the thermometer, provided that the humidity of the air is 40-60%.

Naturally, there are permissible deviation rates, which are only 1 or 2 degrees, no more. During the working day, the temperature can change no more than four degrees.

Approximately in such conditions, you are required to work in the office for 8 hours. When the temperature rises by one degree (for example, the allowable temperature is 25 degrees, but, during the day, it rose by 4 degrees, which is no longer in line with the law), demand to leave work early, namely for an hour. That is, if it is 29 degrees, then the working day in the office is only 7 hours, 30 degrees - 6 hours, etc.

When the thermometer in the office crossed the mark of 32.5, after an hour you have the right to go home.

Approximately the same situation in the cold season. At a temperature of 19 degrees, the working day is 7 hours, 18 degrees. - 6 hours, etc.

To accurately determine the temperature, you must hang the thermometer at a height of 1 meter from the floor.

In general, it will be more profitable for an employer to install an air conditioner or heater at the workplace than to pay a fine under the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation for non-compliance with sanitary rules. Therefore, do not be shy and do not be afraid of your superiors. Make sure your workplace is comfortable and pleasant to work in. Rely on all the above laws and regulations, and you will definitely be able to restore justice.