In feng shui and in general in China, water is considered the primary element, the basis of all life...
Oleg Novgorodsky usually begin to deduct the formation of the ancient Russian state. His figure is really significant, because it determined the beginning of a new era, new era. His life, like his death, has many mysteries for historians. But still, Prince Oleg the Prophet, short biography which will be discussed below, is a rather interesting personality for researchers and ordinary lovers of antiquity.
Appearance in Russia
Biography of which we know only briefly, is considered the founder of the Old Russian state. He was a relative of the legendary Varangian Rurik, that is, he was the brother of Efanda, the commander's wife. It is believed that he was an ordinary governor, whom the Viking immensely trusted. Otherwise, would he have ordered him to take away his young son? It is worth assuming that Oleg acted in agreement with Rurik, and maybe he had a certain freedom. One way or another, but rather quickly, he took possession of Smolensk and Lyubech, and then Kyiv. By the way, the golden-domed city was captured by him by cunning: the Varangian lured out of the walls (who were also probably Vikings) and killed them, declaring himself a prince.
Achievements and successes
Prince Oleg, whose biography is discussed in this article, strengthened his power either by enlisting the support of the Slavic tribes neighboring Kyiv, or by conquering them. He established a tribute for them, which did not greatly burden the people. But his military successes were really impressive. Campaigns against the Khazars saved the Russian lands from the need to pay polyudye to the Khaganate. The great Constantinople fell, on the gates of which, according to the chronicle, the prince nailed his shield. As a result, Russian merchants could trade with Byzantium without duties and receive all kinds of support from it. Thus, Prince Oleg the Prophetic, whose brief biography is discussed above, has more merits to Russia than Rurik. Moreover, almost nothing is known about the ancestor of the princely dynasty.
Hike to Tsargrad
Prince Oleg, whose brief biography is covered in the Tale of Bygone Years, is an outstanding personality. He organized the famous campaign against Constantinople, after which he received his nickname - Prophetic. The chronicle says that he sent a huge army to the city on two thousand boats. Each boat contained four dozen vigilantes. The emperor ordered the gates of the capital to be closed, leaving suburbs and villages to be torn apart by enemies. But the prince of Kyiv ordered to attach wheels to the ships, on which the army reached the gates of Constantinople. The Byzantines were at a loss, so they surrendered, offering Oleg a generous tribute and peace.
Was there a hike?
Prince Oleg, whose brief biography can be found in almost every history textbook, is a controversial figure. Researchers have more questions than answers about his life. For example, the fact of a campaign against Byzantium seems unreliable. This is because the authors from Constantinople described in detail all the attacks on their country, but they do not mention Oleg's campaign. In addition, the return of Oleg and Vladimir the Great from Constantinople are very similar. Perhaps this is a description of the same event. At the same time, after Oleg in Southern City Igor also went, who also won. This is also stated by European authors who chronicled those years.
Was there a snake?
Oleg, whose biography is also known from literature lessons, died as mysteriously as he appeared in Russia. In the same one, it is described that once the sorcerer predicted his death from his beloved horse. The Varangian was superstitious, so he sat on another animal, and entrusted his pet to the servants, ordering him to take care of him until his death. The ruler remembered him during the feast, but it turned out that the horse had died long ago. Saddened by his beloved and angry that he believed the Magi, the prince went to the bones. But when he stepped on the skull, he saw a snake, which immediately stung him in the leg. Oleg died from poison.
Prince Oleg, whose biography has long been studied, could die another death. And the legend of the horse and the snake may have been borrowed from the saga of Orvard Odd. Although some scholars believe that the hero of Scandinavian legends and Prophetic Oleg are the same person. But there are several facts that allow you to think about whether the story about the death of the prince could be true. Among them are the following:
Could a snake bite through a leather boot worn in Russia? Most likely not, or did Oleg come to the mountain barefoot to the horse's bones?
But what if the snake jumped and bit the prince above the tops of his boots? But on the territory of Ukraine there are no such vipers!
As a rule, the snake, before stinging, hisses and tries to crawl away. Could Oleg or his entourage not notice this?
Alternatively, the prince died from poison, but the snake was slipped on him on purpose or Oleg was poisoned in advance. Unfortunately, it is impossible to establish where the truth is.
Some more interesting facts
The Russian prince Oleg, whose biography is already known to the reader, is mentioned not only in the annals of Kyiv and Novgorod. Al-Masudi (Arabic author) speaks of the unsuccessful campaign of the Rus (500 ships!) on the forehead with Olvang and Al-dir against Persia. They gave part of the booty to the Khazars, but the latter betrayed them and killed everyone. About thirty thousand warriors died there, and those who retreated beyond the Caspian were killed by the Volga Bulgars. Thus, the legendary prince died on a campaign, as befits a brave Varangian.
Here he is, smart and warlike Prince Oleg. His biography is full of white spots, because of which an aura of mystery and mystery remains around this figure. Perhaps time will find answers to all questions.
Prince Oleg of Kyiv, Oleg the Prophetic, Prince of Novgorod and so on. Oleg, one of the first known Russian princes, had many nicknames. And each of them was given to him reasonably.
The most interesting thing about studying the biographies of people who lived so long ago is that we never get to know how it really was. And this applies to absolutely any facts, even names and nicknames.
Nevertheless, in the history of our country there is a certain number of documents, annals and other papers, written on which many historians, for some reason, believe.
I propose not to think for a long time on the topic of whether everything really happened, but simply to plunge headlong into the most distant corners of Russian history. We'll start from the very beginning. From the origin of Prince Oleg.
Oleg's origin
The most interesting thing is that on the Internet I found several versions of the origin of Prince Oleg the Prophet. The main ones are two. The first is based on the well-known chronicle "The Tale of Bygone Years", and the second - on the Novgorod First Chronicle. The Novgorod chronicle describes the earlier events of Ancient Russia, therefore it has preserved fragments of an earlier period of Oleg's life. However, it contains inaccuracies in the chronology of the events of the 10th century. However, first things first.
So, according to The Tale of Bygone Years, Oleg was a tribesman of Rurik. Some historians consider him the brother of Rurik's wife. A more accurate origin of Oleg in the "Tale of Bygone Years" is not indicated. There is a hypothesis that Oleg has Scandinavian roots and is named after the hero of several Norwegian-Icelandic sagas.
After the death of the founder of the princely dynasty Rurik (according to some sources, the true creator of the Old Russian state) in 879, Oleg began to reign in Novgorod as the guardian of Rurik's young son Igor.
Campaigns of Prince Oleg
Unification of Kyiv and Novgorod
Again, if you follow history and further along the Tale of Bygone Years, then in 882 Prince Oleg, taking with him a large army consisting of Varangians, Chud, Slovenes, measure, all, Krivichi and representatives of other tribes, took the city of Smolensk and Lyubech, where he planted his people as governors. Further along the Dnieper, he went down to Kyiv, where two boyars ruled not from the Rurik tribe, but were Varangians: Askold and Dir. Oleg did not want to fight with them, so he sent an ambassador to them with the words:
We are merchants, we are going to the Greeks from Oleg and from Igor prince, but come to your family and to us.
Askold and Dir came ... Oleg hid some of the soldiers in the boats, and left others behind him. He himself went forward, holding the young prince Igor in his arms. Showing them the heir of Rurik, the young Igor, Oleg said: "And he is the son of Rurik." And he killed Askold and Dir.
Another chronicle, consisting of information from various sources of the 16th century, gives a more detailed account of this capture.
Oleg landed part of his squad ashore, discussing a secret plan of action. He himself, having said he was sick, remained in the boat and sent a notice to Askold and Dir that he was carrying a lot of beads and jewelry, and also had an important conversation with the princes. When they boarded the boat, Oleg killed Askold and Dir.
Prince Oleg appreciated the convenient location of Kyiv and moved there with his retinue, declaring Kyiv "the mother of Russian cities." Thus, he united the northern and southern centers of the Eastern Slavs. For this reason, it is Oleg, and not Rurik, who is sometimes considered the founder of the Old Russian state.
For the next 25 years, Prince Oleg was busy expanding his state. He subordinated to Kyiv the tribes of the Drevlyans (in 883), northerners (in 884), Radimichi (in 885). And the Drevlyans and northerners paid to give to the Khazars. "The Tale of Bygone Years" left the text of Oleg's appeal to the northerners:
“I am an enemy of the Khazars, therefore you have no need to pay tribute to them.” To the Radimichi: “To whom do you give tribute?” They answered: "Kozary". And Oleg says: "Don't give it to Kozar, but give it to me." "And Oleg owned the Drevlyans, glades, Radimichi, streets and Tivertsy."
Prince Oleg's campaign against Tsargrad
In 907, having equipped 2000 boats (these are such boats), 40 warriors each (according to The Tale of Bygone Years), Oleg set out on a campaign against Constantinople (now Constantinople). The Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Philosopher ordered the gates of the city to be closed and the harbor to be blocked with chains, thus giving the enemies the opportunity to plunder and ravage only the suburbs of Constantinople. However, Oleg went the other way.
The prince ordered his soldiers to make big wheels, on which they put their boats. And as soon as a fair wind blew, the sails rose and filled with air, which drove the boats to the city.
The frightened Greeks offered Oleg peace and tribute. According to the agreement, Oleg received 12 hryvnias for each soldier and ordered Byzantium to pay tribute "on Russian cities." In addition to this, Prince Oleg ordered to receive Russian merchants and merchants in Constantinople as gloriously as no one had ever received. Give them all the honors and provide them Better conditions as if to himself. Well, if these merchants and merchants begin to behave impudently, then Oleg ordered them to be driven out of the city.
As a sign of victory, Oleg nailed his shield to the gates of Constantinople. The main result of the campaign was a trade agreement on duty-free trade of Russia in Byzantium.
Many historians consider this campaign a fiction. There is not a single mention of him in the Byzantine chronicles of those times, which described such campaigns in sufficient detail in 860 and 941. There are also doubts about the treaty of 907, the text of which is an almost verbatim repetition of the treaties of 911 and 944.
Perhaps there was still a campaign, but without the siege of Constantinople. "The Tale of Bygone Years" in the description of the campaign of Igor Rurikovich in 944 conveys "the words of the Byzantine king" to Prince Igor: "Do not go, but take the tribute that Oleg took, I will add more to that tribute."
In 911, Prince Oleg sent an embassy to Constantinople, which confirmed the "long-term" peace and concluded a new treaty. Compared with the treaty of 907, the mention of duty-free trade disappears from it. Oleg is referred to in the contract as the "Grand Duke of Russia". There is no doubt about the authenticity of the agreement of 911: it is supported by both linguistic analysis and mention in Byzantine sources.
Death of Prince Oleg
In 912, according to the same Tale of Bygone Years, Prince Oleg died from a snake bite that crawled out of the skull of his dead horse. Much has already been written about Oleg's death, so we will not dwell on this for a long time. What can I say ... Each of us studied the work of the great classic A.S. Pushkin's "Song of the Prophetic Oleg" and at least once in his life saw this picture.
Death of Prince Oleg
In the Novgorod First Chronicle, which we spoke about earlier, Oleg is represented not as a prince, but as a governor under Igor (the very young son of Rurik, with whom he entered Kyiv according to The Tale of Bygone Years). Igor also kills Askold, captures Kyiv and goes to war against Byzantium, and Oleg returns to the north, to Ladoga, where he dies not in 912, but in 922.
The circumstances of the death of Prophetic Oleg are contradictory. The Tale of Bygone Years reports that before Oleg's death there was a heavenly sign. According to the Kyiv version, reflected in the Tale of Bygone Years, his prince's grave is located in Kyiv on Mount Shchekovitsa. The Novgorod First Chronicle places his grave in Ladoga, but at the same time says that he went "beyond the sea."
In both versions, there is a legend about death from a snakebite. According to legend, the Magi predicted to Prince Oleg that he would die precisely from his beloved horse. After that, Oleg ordered the horse to be taken away and remembered the prediction only four years later, when the horse had long since died. Oleg laughed at the Magi and wanted to look at the bones of the horse, stood with his foot on the skull and said: “Should I be afraid of him?” However, a poisonous snake lived in the horse's skull, fatally biting the prince.
Prince Oleg: years of reign
The date of Oleg's death, like all annalistic dates of Russian history until the end of the 10th century, is conditional. Historians have noted that the year 912 is also the year of the death of the Byzantine Emperor Leo VI, the antagonist of Prince Oleg. Perhaps the chronicler, who knew that Oleg and Leo were contemporaries, dated the end of their reigns to the same date. A similar suspicious coincidence - 945 - is between the dates of Igor's death and the overthrow of his contemporary, the Byzantine emperor Roman I. Considering, moreover, that the Novgorod tradition dates Oleg's death to 922, the date 912 becomes even more doubtful. The duration of the reign of Oleg and Igor is 33 years each, which raises suspicion in the epic source of this information.
If the date of death is taken according to the Novgorod Chronicle, then the years of his reign are 879-922. Which is already not 33, but 43 years.
As I said at the very beginning of the article, we have not yet been given the exact dates of such distant events. Of course, there cannot be two correct dates, especially when we are talking about a difference of 10 years. But for now, you can conditionally accept both dates as true.
P.S. I remember very well the history of Russia in the 6th grade, when we studied this topic. I must say that studying all the nuances of the life of Prince Oleg, I discovered many new "facts" for myself (I hope you understand why I put this word in quotation marks).
I am sure that this material will be useful for those who are preparing to speak to a class / group with a report on the reign of Prince Oleg the Prophet. If you have something to add to it, I'm waiting for your comments below.
And if you are just interested in the history of our country, then I advise you to visit the heading "The Great Generals of Russia" and read the articles in this section of the site.
Prince Oleg (879-912), according to legend, was a very enterprising and warlike ruler. As soon as power fell into his hands, he conceived a big deal - to master the entire course of the Dnieper, to take into his own hands the entire waterway to rich Greece, and for this he had to conquer all the Slavs who lived along the Dnieper. Here one princely squad was not enough. Prince Oleg recruited a large army from the Ilmen Slavs, from the Krivichi subordinate to him, the Finnish tribes and moved south with them and his retinue.
Prince Oleg first of all took possession of Smolensk, the city of those Krivichi, which were not yet subject to anyone, then took Lyubech, the city northerners, left detachments of his squad in these cities under the command of reliable, experienced governors, and he himself went further. Finally appeared and Kyiv. Oleg knew that it would not be easy to take this city by force: Askold and Dir, experienced leaders, reigned there, and their squad was brave and experienced. I had to resort to trickery: the army was left behind, and Oleg sailed to Kyiv with several boats, stopped not far from the city and sent Askold and Dir to tell that their countrymen, Varangian merchants, were going to Greece, wanted to see them and asked them to come to boats.
The fleet of Prince Oleg goes to Constantinople along the Dnieper River. Engraving by F. A. Bruni. Before 1839
According to some historical evidence, it is believed that Prince Oleg was a relative of Rurik, or rather the brother of Rurik's wife Efanda, who was a Norwegian princess before her marriage. Exact date his birth is unknown.
Power passed to Oleg after the death of Rurik as the regent of his young son Igor.
Kyiv prince
When Igor was young, Oleg began to pursue an active domestic and foreign policy. The Tale of Bygone Years says that in 882 Oleg captured Smolensk and Lyubech with a large army, planted his governors and moved to Kyiv, where the Varangians Askold and Dir ruled, who, in fact, usurped power. He tricked them out of the city and killed them. Oleg liked Kyiv, and he made it the capital of the Old Russian state. The new government was quickly recognized by the Slavic tribes, including the Polans, the Northerners, the Drevlyans, the Ilmen Slovenes, the Krivichi, the Vyatichi, the Radimichi, the Ulich and the Tivertsy. Oleg organized the structure of the state in such a way that local princes and governors helped him in managing the territories.
In the future, he continued to expand the state at the expense of nearby territories. under power Kyiv prince in 883 the lands of the Drevlyans departed, in 884 - the northerners and in 885 - the Radimichi.
Prince's campaigns
It is impossible not to take into account the successes of Oleg and in foreign policy. A special place is occupied by the struggle with the Khazar Khaganate, which terrorized the East Slavic lands, collecting tribute from them. Oleg managed to protect his subjects from their raids. The chronicle cites his words addressed to the northerners: "I am an enemy of the Khazars, therefore you have no need to pay tribute to them."
Oleg's legendary campaign against Byzantium occupies a special place in the chronicles. In 907, he equipped a large army, and on 2000 boats it moved to Tsargrad (Constantinople). The Byzantines did not expect such an onslaught and did everything to secure the city, including blocking the harbor with chains. Oleg's unexpected actions frightened the Byzantines: he put all his boats on wheels and, with a fair wind, moved to the city in full sail. The courage of the city takes: this was enough for the Greeks to offer Oleg peace and tribute.
The Russian army received 12 hryvnias for each oarlock (a device on the side of the boat to stop the oars while rowing), and in the future Byzantium had to pay tribute to Russian cities. The main result of the peace was an agreement on duty-free trade of Russia in Byzantium. Legends say that Oleg, celebrating the victory, nailed his shield on the gates of Constantinople.
Some historians question this campaign, calling it a legend. Nevertheless, The Tale of Bygone Years, in describing the campaign of Igor Rurikovich in 944, conveys the words of the Byzantine king to Prince Igor: “Do not go, but take the tribute that Oleg took, I will add more to that tribute.”
In the same chronicle, his nickname Prophetic is given, which corresponds to the one who knows the future, foreseeing it. So Oleg began to be called immediately upon his return from a campaign against Byzantium in 907.
Legends of the Prophetic Oleg
The evidence of the circumstances of the death of Prophetic Oleg is contradictory. "The Tale of Bygone Years" reports that his death was preceded by a heavenly sign - the appearance of "a great star in the west in a spear way."
There are other versions, but everywhere there is a legend about death from a snakebite. According to legend, the Magi predicted Oleg's death from his beloved horse. The prince remembered the horse only a few years after his death. Oleg laughed at the Magi, came to the place where the horse died, stood on the skull and said: “Should I be afraid of him?” However, a poisonous snake lived in the skull, fatally biting the prince.
The date of Oleg's death, like all annalistic dates of Russian history until the end of the 10th century, is conditional. However, the most preferred date is 912.
The founder of the great Kievan Rus, Prince Oleg the Prophet, went down in history as one of the most significant people for the Russian people. Numerous campaigns, a trade route with Byzantium and the introduction of writing for the Russian people, all these are the merits of the prince, who, according to legend, could foresee his future, which served as a success in his reign.
One of the most famous and sing this day princes ancient Russia Prince Prophetic Oleg. Which replaced the no less great Rurik and brought quite a few victories to his people. One of the most famous merits of the hero Oleg the Prophet is the creation of Kievan Rus itself and the appointment of the center of its great city of Kyiv. Oleg began to be called Prophetic, only because he could predict the future. He spoke very skillfully about the events of the future, and this was most likely not because he had supernatural powers, but because he thought logically and was a good psychologist. The prince was not only the sovereign of his state, but also a kind of sorcerer for the people and a sorcerer, because people believed that he was given the power to rule the Russian people from above. There is a legend that the death of Prophetic Oleg was brought by a snake and he died from her bite. It was the death of the great king that caused the composition of many songs and legends. Not only songs about his exploits, but also about his death, became obligatory from history, because it is very insulting that such a great Russian sovereign fell victim to a snake.
The legend says that the reign of the prince passed when Rurik was dying. It was on his deathbed that he said that he bequeathed to him the reign, because his son was still small, and Prophetic Oleg was his guardian and confidant of the family. Only to him Rurik could entrust his two most precious treasures. This is a son who is still very young and a state for which he had big plans. And he did not let his comrade down, he became a great commander, he earned the love of his people and served Russia for almost 33 years. If you go superficially through the achievements of the Russian commander, then his biggest victories in life were the rule in Novgorod, Lyubich and the creation of Kievan Rus. But no less important events in his life were campaigns against Byzantium, the taxation of tribute to the East Slavic tribes and the trade routes that the campaign against Byzantium dug. This very campaign opened up a lot of new and interesting things for Russians, not only in terms of trade, but also art.
The beginning of his exploits was laid by a campaign against the Krivichi in 882, during which he captured Smolensk. After down the Dnieper, his path was laid. Which brought him the capture of Lubitsch. And later, he deceived both the life and the throne of the Russian princes Askold and Dir, who ruled Russia before him. After that, Prophetic Oleg became not only the prince of Novgorod, but also the prince of Kyiv. From that moment, according to historical facts, it is considered that the beginning of the creation of the great Kievan Rus was laid.
Further, the year 907 became significant for the prince of Novgorod and Kyiv, the Prophetic Oleg. When he led the army of Kyiv and the Varangians to Byzantium on a long campaign. The army completely devastated the city of Constantinople, and after that an agreement was drawn up and adopted, which was very beneficial for Russia, according to which the Russian people, who went to Byzantium with trade affairs, had privileges even more than those of the citizens of the state.
No less famous was the agreement between the Prophetic Oleg and the Greek rulers, which was concluded in 912, after Constantinople was besieged, and the Byzantines capitulated from that moment. But even there there was not yet a word about the real heir and actual ruler of Russia, Igor. Even during the reign of the Prophetic Prince, all the people understood that it was he who was the founder of their state. History also understands for certain that Oleg first created the state, then expanded its borders, showed everyone that the Ruriks are the completely legitimate power of the Russian people. And most importantly, he dared to challenge the Khazars. Before the guardian of Igor began to rule, the Khazars collected a huge tribute from the entire Slavic people. Not only did they steal from people, they also wanted the Russians to profess their religion, Judaism.
The Tale of Bygone Years is the most reliable source of information about the Prophetic Sovereign of the Russian people, but only the most basic deeds of the hero are described there. A huge gap of 21 years exists in the annals, and for what reason the clerks bypassed this year of the prince's reign is not known to this day. But even since that time, a lot of things significant for history have happened, because every decision of the prince changed the course of all history and the whole people. A very important factor, which was revealed many years later, was that from 885 to 907 in this period there was not only a campaign against the Khazars, but also the overcoming of the Radimichi.
Video: Documentary about Prophetic Oleg
But the chronicle was written by purely Russian people, and therefore they considered it necessary to record those events that only 100% concerned the Russian people and Oleg. A very important detail was the passage in 898 near Kyiv of the emigrating people of the Hungarians (Uvgro). Equally important was the arrival of Igor's future wife, Princess Olga, in 903. By birth, the bride's name was Prekrasa, but by the will of the Prince of Novgorod, they began to call her first Volga, and then Olga. Few people knew that in fact the girl was the daughter of Prophetic Oleg, and so that no one would know the truth, she began to be called by a different name. The girl was not only the daughter of Prophetic Oleg, but also the granddaughter of Gostomysl, it was he who invited Rurik many years ago to become the head of the board of Russia.
Rurik handed over on his deathbed his son and the rule of the state, and thus Oleg continued the dynasty of Gostomysl through his wife, and took the place of Rurik. It turned out that neither the line of rule of the Rurik dynasty, nor Gostomysl was interrupted.
As a result, he always got up important question about who has more rights to rule the Russian state, Oleg or Gostomysl. No one knew for sure whether it was true or rumor that Olga was the daughter of Oleg and the granddaughter of Gostomysl, because if this is true, then it turns out that the husband of that very daughter, Oleg. And he can be compared with any of the Rurik dynasty. And it turns out that he has quite legitimate rights to inherit the throne, and not just a verbal donation of land by Russian Rurik. But they always tried to bypass this fact in the annals, so that the retinue of Novgorod would not lay claim to significant state ranks in Kyiv.
And the most unexpected and pleasant event that the reign of the prophetic tsar brought was that, at his suggestion, the Russian people learned what writing is. Cyril and Methodius, also in the Tale of Bygone Years, are recorded as the creators of writing among the Slavs. Such an act of the prince is truly great, only after 90 years in importance he was able to surpass the prince, Vladimir, who converted to Christianity for the Russian people. Oleg adopted written reforms, the alphabet and the alphabet, which is still present in people's lives to this day.
In the period when Rurik appeared in Novgorod, the brothers Cyril and Methodius appeared on Ladoga. There is no difference in time, only there was a difference in territorial space. Cyril laid the foundation for his mission in the south, in 860-801 he reached the Khazar Khaganate. There he tried to introduce writing, but not entirely successfully, and then he retired to a monastery for a while, where he began to create the alphabet and one of the brothers performed these deeds in 862. This year was never even questioned, because then the campaign of both brothers took place already on hands with the alphabet to Moravia.
These events in the coming years will lead to the fact that in both Bulgaria and Serbia they began to apply Slavic writing, but this happened after 250 years. But only the creation of writing could not lead to the fact that people would become more literate, the sovereign's decision was needed that this was a necessity and his authority was directly needed.
The olhv hero was very adamant, and although he accepted the alphabet from the missionaries, he categorically rejected their teachings. Then there was only one faith, the pagan and the pagans treated Christians very badly, even then the people were simply not ready for such a faith. Catholic missionaries suffered from the Baltic Slavs. After all, they indiscriminately repaired reprisals against them. Then there was a big confrontation, and the guardian of the young Igor played an important role in this struggle.
Even when Grand Duke died, he became exactly the one who launched the process of creating a great state, and this process was no longer reversible, since the soil for him was already so solid that it could not be crushed. Even Karamzin once said that Russia had many worthy rulers and sovereigns in its history, but none of them achieved such merits to the state as Prince Oleg did for Russia.
The great ruler Prophetic Oleg deserves that to this day before his person and deeds in the name of Kievan Rus, people bow their heads with gratitude. He became the one who created the state of Russia from scratch. He laid the most profitable trade routes in the history of the Russian people, he was the prince of two states at the same time and married his daughter to the legitimate heir of Kievan Rus. Not to mention the introduction of writing, which was the beginning of literacy education for ordinary people.
