Universal screw-cutting lathe 163 description

Based on universal lathes, the Ryazan Machine Tool Plant mastered the production of CNC lathes - 16K30F3, 16M30F3, 16K40RF3, 16R50F3, etc.

The plant has also mastered the production of modern turning machining centers with a number of coordinates from 4 to 8, CNC lathes of inclined 1P756DF3 and horizontal layouts, pipe processing machines 1A983, 1N983 - for processing the ends of pipes with a diameter of up to 460 mm, wheel lathes, roll lathes, machines for processing deep holes and etc.

History of the screw-cutting lathe 163

IN 1944 year, the production of these machines was transferred to Ryazan Machine Tool Plant RSZ .

IN 1956 The first model of the 163rd series was launched into production - RMC 1400, 2800.

IN 1968 The next generation of the series was launched into production - model 1m63, 1m63B.

WITH 1973 year, the beginning of serial production of lathes: 16K30, 16K30F3, 1M63Bf101, 16M30F3, 1P756DF3.

Machines of the 163 series were also produced in Tbilisi - 1D63A, 1M63D, 1M63DF101.

IN 1992 the beginning of serial production of the latest model 163 series 1M63N.

163 Universal screw-cutting lathe. Purpose and scope

The screw-cutting lathe model 163 is one of the most common in the territory former USSR(produced for 12 years from 1956 to 1968), designed for processing parts of medium and large sizes, in conditions of single and small-scale production. The machine can perform external and internal turning, including turning cones, boring, drilling and threading (metric, modular, inch and pitch).

Maximum dimensions workpiece processed on the machine - Ø630 x 1400 (2800) mm.

Main technical characteristics of a screw-cutting lathe 163

Manufacturer - Ryazan Machine Tool Plant RSZ.

The main parameters of the machine are in accordance with GOST 18097-93. Screw-cutting and turning machines. Basic dimensions. Accuracy standards.

• The largest diameter of a Disk-type workpiece processed above the bed - Ø 630 , mm
• The largest diameter of the workpiece of the Shaft type processed above the upper part of the support - Ø 350 mm
• Distance between centers - 1400, 2800 mm
• Maximum turning length - 1260, 2520 mm
• Electric motor power - 14 kW
• Full weight of the machine - 3,8 T

Spindle of screw-cutting lathe 163

• Threaded spindle end - M120 x 6
• Spindle hole diameter - Ø 70 mm
• The largest diameter of the processed bar is Ø 65 mm
• Limits of spindle revolutions per minute - (24 steps) 10..1250 rpm
• Standard chuck diameter - Ø 320 mm

Feeds and threads of a screw-cutting lathe 163

• Longitudinal feeds: - (40 steps) 0,10..3,20 mm/rev
• Cross feeds: - (40 steps) 0,04..1,18 mm/rev
• Cutting slide feed: - (40 steps) 0,033..1 mm/rev


• Metric thread pitches - (77 steps) 1..192 mm
• Inch thread pitches - 24..1/4 threads per inch
• Modular thread steps - 0.5π..48π mm
• Pitch thread pitches - 96..7/8 mm

Machine spindle 163 mounted on two bearings:

1. The front spindle bearing is a special 2-row radial bearing with short cylindrical rollers and a tapered inner ring, with adjustable radial clearance.
2. The rear spindle bearing is angular contact, working in tandem with a thrust ball bearing, which absorbs axial feed forces during straight turning.

The spindle has a through hole Ø70 mm; it receives from the gearbox 22 rotation stages in the range from 10 to 1250 rpm (progression denominator 1.26) and 11 reverse rotation speeds in the range from 18 to 1800 rpm.

The rotation speed of the spindles is changed by moving the gear blocks along the splined shafts using two handles located on the front wall of the gearbox. The spindle is reversed by a friction clutch. Braking - electromagnetic clutch.

Spindle front end threaded The internal (tool) cone of the spindle is Morse 6.

Alignment of the spindle in the horizontal plane is accomplished by rotating the headstock around a pin pressed into the frame under the front of the gearbox using set screws located at the bottom of the rear of the gearbox.

All gears of the kinematic chain of the gearbox are mounted on five splined shafts and the spindle is made of chromium steel, hardened, shaving or ground. The shafts are mounted on rolling bearings.

Machine support 163 The cross design has a mechanical movement of the upper part, which allows turning long cones. Turning of short tapers is also carried out by moving the upper part of the support.

The caliper carriage moves along the frame guides (longitudinal movement), and the transverse caliper slide moves along the carriage guides (transverse movement); both can be manual, mechanical, working and accelerated. The rotating part of the caliper, located on the transverse slide, has guides for moving the upper part of the caliper (cutting slide) with the cutting head. The lower part of the support (cutting slide) can also be moved manually and mechanically. The cross screw nut has a slot for adjustment to eliminate backlash. The axial forces of the transverse screw and the screw of the upper slide are absorbed by thrust ball bearings. The guides for the longitudinal movement of the caliper have textolite linings.

The main operations in the machine are mechanized: longitudinal and transverse movement of the support, movement of the cutting slide. There are accelerated movements of the caliper in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and of the cutting slide, which is carried out by an individual electric motor. The spindle is also braked automatically when the friction clutch is turned off.

Mechanical movement of the upper part of the support allows turning of long cones. Turning of short tapers is also carried out by moving the upper part of the support.

Changing the feed rates and adjusting the pitch of the thread being cut is carried out by switching the gears of the feed box and adjusting the set of interchangeable gears.

The support has rapid movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions, which is carried out by an individual electric motor.

Apron closed type with a removable front wall (lid). The movement of the caliper group is transmitted by an apron from the lead screw or lead shaft. Due to the presence of 4 electromagnetic couplings in the apron, control of the apron is concentrated in one handle, and the directions of turning the handle on coincide with the direction of feed movement. An additional press of the button built into the same handle activates the accelerated movement of the caliper. Thanks to: the presence of an overrunning clutch in the apron, the inclusion of rapid speed is possible when the feed is on. To avoid simultaneous activation of the motherboard, the nuts and the feed of the activation handle are interlocked.

Closed feed box. Corrected gears installed in the feed box make it possible to cut two types of threads, metric and inch, without rearranging replaceable gears. When rearranging replaceable gears, it is possible to cut two more types: modular and pitch threads. Direct connection to the screw is also provided (bypassing the feedbox mechanisms) for cutting precise and special threads. To obtain increased feed or right-hand threads, a gear block located in the gearbox is provided. The feed box housing has 2 longitudinal bores in which shafts are mounted on rolling bearings. Gears are made of chrome steel and hardened. The selection of feed rates is carried out using two handles by moving the gear blocks. Selecting the type of thread or switching on the feed is also done using handles. To turn on the screw directly, handle 5 must be placed in the “metric thread” position, handle 1 in the “screw directly” position, handle 8 in the “lead screw” position (see control diagram Fig. 6; 7).

Movements in the machine

1. Cutting movement- rotation of the spindle with the workpiece
2. Serving movements- rectilinear translational movement of the support in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and the upper part of the support - at an angle to the axis of rotation of the spindle. Rectilinear translational movement of the tailstock together with the support along the axis of rotation of the spindle
3. Movement of helical surface formation- rectilinear translational movement of the caliper in the longitudinal direction, kinematically related to the rotation of the spindle
4. Auxiliary movements- fast mechanical and manual adjustment movements of the caliper in the longitudinal and transverse directions and at an angle to the spindle rotation axis, manual linear movement of the tailstock quill, manual periodic rotation of the four-position tool holder.

Dimensions of the working space of a screw-cutting lathe 163

Workspace dimensions lathe 163

Landing and connecting bases for lathe 163

Photo of lathe 163

Location of the main components and controls of the lathe 163

Specification of the main components of the machine model 163

1. Bed - 16301B001
2. Gearbox (front headstock) - 16302001G
3. Tailstock - 16303001A
4. Caliper - 16304001A
5. Apron - 16306001G
6. Feed box - 16307001A
7. Replaceable gears - 16308001A
8. Fixed lunette - 16310001
9. Movable rest - 16311002A
10. Cooling - 16334001A
11. Electrical equipment - 16380001

List of machine controls 163

1. Gearbox control wheel (adjusting spindle speeds)
2. Handle for adjusting the thread to normal or increased pitch and for dividing when cutting many threads
3. Reversing mechanism control handle for cutting right-hand and left-hand threads
4. Control knob (adjusting spindle speed)
5. Handle for turning, fixing and securing the tool holder
6. Handle for turning on the mechanical movement of the upper caliper slide
7. Handle for manual movement of the upper caliper slide
8. Rest spindle control handles
9. Handle for securing and releasing the tailstock quill
10. Handwheel for manual movement of the tailstock quill
11. Voltage switch
12. Switch for turning cones or cylinders
13. Handle for turning on, off and reversing the longitudinal and transverse movements of the caliper
14. Button for enabling rapid movements of the caliper
15. Handle for turning the uterine nut on and off
16. Handle for manual lateral movement of the caliper
17. Button for turning on the mechanical feed of the longitudinal or transverse slide of the caliper
18. Rack and pinion on/off button
19. Handles for turning on, turning off and reversing spindle rotation
20. Push-button stations for starting and stopping the main electric motor
21. Lead screw or lead shaft activation handle
22. Handle for setting the required thread pitch or feed rate
23. Thread or feed type selection knob

List of lathe controls 163

1. Handle for setting metric or inch threads and feeds
2. Handle for setting normal or increased thread pitch
3. Handles for installing right-hand or left-hand threads
4. Handles for setting spindle speeds
5. Pull button for turning on or off the rack and pinion gear of the longitudinal movement of the caliper
6. Handle for turning, fixing and securing the cutting head
7. Handle for turning on or off the automatic movement of the upper caliper slide
8. Button on the handle 10 to enable rapid movement of the caliper
9. Handle for controlling fast and working movements of the caliper in all directions
10. Handle for securing the tailstock quill
11. Handwheel for moving the tailstock quill
12. Handle for manual movement of the upper (incisor) slide of the caliper
13. Handles for starting, stopping and reversing the spindle
14. Handles for engaging the lead screw nut
15. Switch of electromagnetic apron couplings for normal work or taper turning
16. Handles for manual lateral movement of the caliper
17. Pull button for turning on or off the mechanical lateral movement of the upper caliper slide
18. Handwheel for manual longitudinal movement of the caliper
19. Push-button stations for starting and stopping the main drive
20. 22 Handles for turning on, stopping and reversing the spindle
21. Handle for turning on the lead screw or lead shaft
22. Handle for setting the thread pitch feed value

Switching mechanism for lathe 163

Speed ​​shift mechanism. Any of the 24 spindle rotation speeds is activated on the model 163 machine using two handles.

Handle 1 (Fig. 23, b) controls the movable blocks of gears B1 and B2 (Fig. 22, a) of the gearbox, and handle 27 (Fig. 23, b) controls the triple block B3 and double block B4 (Fig. 22, a ) sorting device.

By rotating the handle 1 (Fig. 23, b) through the shaft 26 and gears 25-8, the crank pin 9 and the disk 7 with an end curved groove a, into which the roller 6 of the double-armed lever 5 fits, are driven. The second end of the lever 5 is connected by means of a slider 32 with a fork 31 moving along a round guide 30. Fork 31 controls the triple movable block B2 (Fig. 22, a).

Crank pin 9 (Fig. 23, b) with the help of a slider 10 moves the fork 11 along the round guide 12, which controls the double movable gear block B1 (Fig. 22, a).

Each of the six fixed positions of the handle 1 corresponds to a specific arrangement of double and triple gear blocks, which provides six combinations of gear engagement and, accordingly, six different spindle rotation speeds.

Housing 2 has six windows e, through which the numbers printed on disk 3 are visible. The numbers correspond to a number of spindle speeds. The d indicator on the dial of handle 1 shows what number of revolutions the spindle will have for a given arrangement of handles 1 and 27.

When the handle 27 is turned through the shaft 21, the gear 20-19-18 and the shaft 17, the disk 16 is rotated. The latter has curved end grooves c and d and V-shaped notches - b. Forks 24 and 23 are installed on the round guide 22. The curved groove c, through fork 24, determines the position of the triple movable gear block B3 (Fig. 22, a), and groove d, using fork 23 (Fig. 23, b), moves the double movable gear block B4 (Fig. 22, a).

Recesses 6 (Fig. 23, 6) serve to fix the position of the gear blocks. For this purpose, a retainer is provided, consisting of a ball 15, a spring 14 and a threaded plug 13.

Disk 3 is connected to shaft 21 by means of lever sleeve 4, rod 29 and lever 28. Therefore, each fixed position of handle 27 corresponds to a certain position of disk 3 with numbers of spindle speeds.

Electrical equipment. Electrical circuit of machine 163

Electrical diagram lathe 163

Control of the main drive of the machine 163

Starting the main motor is carried out by pressing one of the "Start" buttons - 1KU, 2KU (located on the apron near the feed box), which closes the power circuit of the coils of the KSh magnetic starter and the IPB time relay (4-13). The coils, under the influence of the current passing through them, attract the armature core and close the main contacts and block contacts mechanically connected to them. In this case, the main contact KSh connects the 1D electric motor to the network, and the starter coils and timing relays are powered through the closed block contact KSh (1-5), which eliminates further pressing of the “Start” button.

Simultaneously with the KSh starter coils and the IPB time relay, the PB time relay will receive power through the IPB closing block contact (17-23). If the clutch is not moved to the operating position within the time for which the RV relay is set, then the latter, with its opening contacts RV (2-4), will de-energize the coil of the magnetic starter KSh and the time relay 1RV, followed by stopping the electric motor 1D. When the PB coil is turned off, the closing contact (45-V7) connects the 5EM brake electromagnetic clutch and the 2LS warning lamp. The main engine 1D is stopped by pressing one of the "Stop" buttons - 3KU, 4KU, located on the carriage and near the feed box.

2D electric pump control is carried out using a VT-2 toggle switch located on the side wall of the electrical cabinet.

163 Universal screw-cutting lathe. Video.

Basic technical characteristics of the lathe 163

Universal screw-cutting lathes perform a significant part of the machining required by modern industry. We are talking, first of all, about turning, threading, and drilling. They produce most of the parts that are bodies of revolution.

Despite the emergence of more complex machining centers, lathes do not lose their relevance due to:

1. Low cost.
2. Versatility of use.
3. Changeover speed. They do not require writing a program or complex re-equipment. In the vast majority of cases, you just need to familiarize the worker with the drawing, select the right tool and install removable devices as needed, such as a steady rest or another chuck.
4. Ease of maintenance and repair. A modern CNC lathe often requires service, while a universal analogue can be restored by the efforts of our own repair teams.
5. Possibility to use a wide range of tools, both GOST and imported, and even self-made.
6. Excellent reliability and service life. Even after many decades of careful treatment, the machine can retain its technological properties.

Universal turning equipment will be an integral part of the industry for a long time, and when choosing, you should focus on the most well-known and successful models that have proven themselves well.

Description and purpose

The 163 screw-cutting lathe was developed more than fifty years ago, and turned out to be part of one of the most successful model ranges of the Ryazan Machine Tool Plant. It is significant that for a very long time it was among the most common in its class.

Based on its design, many new models were designed and a new generation of machines was formed. In terms of its performance, this technique is still relevant today, and it can be found in various enterprises. It is important to comply not with some local requirements, but with the entire GOST 18097-93 “Screw-cutting and turning machines. Basic dimensions. Accuracy standards."

A standard layout and operating principle are implemented, but this is done at a high level, from design to assembly.

The purpose of model 163 is the production of dimensional parts in conditions of both single and small-scale production. Moreover, the processing of workpieces is carried out with high accuracy and acceptable complexity, which allows you to take on especially critical products.

On the machine you can perform:

1. External and internal turning of cylindrical and conical surfaces, complex shapes.
2. Drilling. The diameter of the holes is small, but to a certain extent, drilling equipment can be replaced.
3. Cutting metric modular inch threads.
4. Processing of ends and edges.

YOU SHOULD KNOW: The limit of possibilities is great and to a certain extent depends on the skill of the machine operator.

Specifications

Before choosing a 163 metal screw-cutting lathe, you should understand its main parameters.

Firstly, these are the permissible dimensions of the workpiece:

1. Diameter: 630 mm (for the “disc” shape located above the frame) or 350 mm (for the “shaft” shape located above the support).
2. Length: 1400 mm (according to the distance between centers), while turning can technically be done within 1260 mm.

Secondly, these are the spindle parameters:

1. Number of control stages: 24 (from 10 to 1250 rpm). This interval allows you to work with various types blanks
2. Internal opening for feeding bar material: 70 mm. This allows you to work with bars with a diameter of 65 mm.
3. Standard cartridge: 320 mm.

Thirdly, these are the serve indicators:

1. Longitudinal: from 0.1 to 3.2 mm/rev.
2. Peppered: from 0.04 to 1.18 mm/rev.
3. For cutting slides: from 0.033 to 1 mm/rev. For all, the values ​​for forty steps are indicated.
4. Thread pitches: metric from 1 to 192 mm, inch from 24 to? threads per inch, modular from 0.5 to 48 mm, pitch from 96 to 7/8 mm.

Fourth, installation and connection parameters:

1. Weight of the fully equipped machine: 3800 kg.
2. Main drive power: 13 kW.
3. Electrical network type: industrial, 380 V.

More detailed description equipment parameters and specifications can be found in the product passport. The documentation for the screw cutting machine 163 also contains kinematic, electrical, control, and lubrication diagrams. You need to know them for operating, adjusting and repairing equipment.

Device

The specification of the main components of the lathe 163 defines the following items:

1. Cast frame (16301Б001) on two tables. Serves to create a foundation, absorb all loads and determine the layout. There are guides installed on it that serve to move the moving units and their reliable positioning. Defects in the “rails” quickly affect the quality, and they have to be restored or replaced.
2. Gearbox (headstock) (16302001G) of turning machine 163. The main element located in the box body is a spindle mounted on two complex bearings. They not only ensure smooth rotation without backlash, but also the absorption of loads from feeds. Modes are changed using a block of gears and control handles located on the front panel of the headstock.
3. Tailstock (16303001A). It can be shifted to the required distance and securely fixed. Direct clamping and centering of the part is carried out by a quill, extended by rotating the handwheel.
4. The cross-type caliper (16304001A) is characterized by the possibility of adjustable movement of the upper part. Thanks to this, it is possible to turn conical surfaces. For long and short cones, a different technique is used, which gives excellent results. The support carriage provides longitudinal movement, and the incisor slide is responsible for the transverse movement. An automatic longitudinal feed is provided under the influence of a screw passing through the nut. This connection requires periodic monitoring and adjustment. Unlike most other models, the 163 automatically shifts the cutter in two directions at once.
5. Apron (16306001G) closed type. It is necessary to convert the rotation of gears and screws into the linear rotation required for feeding. The original design allows you to control the entire device using a single handle. The built-in button makes it possible to work with accelerated movements of the caliper.
6. Feed box (16307001A) is closed type. The spindle torque is also used to mechanize the movement of the caliper. Through the guitar (16308001A) with replaceable gears (16308001A) of the gear train, the rotation is transmitted to the feed box, where it is converted and sets the uniform rotation of the longitudinal screw at the required speed.
7. Cooling (16334001A). Forced supply of coolant (lubricating-cooling fluid) directly into the cutting zone allows you to qualitatively increase cutting conditions and increase tool life. Both productivity and technological capabilities depend on this.
8. Electrical equipment (16380001). First of all, these are electric motors included in the kit, as well as power buttons, electrical control and monitoring devices. Their volume is quite small compared to modern models, but they require attention and maintenance in good condition.

The standard set of screw-cutting lathe 163 also includes fixed steady rests (16310001) and movable rests (16311002A), which are simply necessary for this equipment, taking into account the maximum center-to-center distance and the corresponding dimensions of the product.

Repair features

It is a fair rule that the restoration of machine equipment can be significantly reduced if due attention is paid to prevention and maintenance.

For a screw-cutting lathe 163, the average and major repairs, and also carry out averages as necessary. Most common tasks:

1. Restoring the basic geometry of the bed and its guides.
2. Repair of the headstock associated with the replacement of bearings or gears.
3. Restoring the tailstock, which is not securely fixed in a given position and does not allow the workpiece to be correctly pressed.
4. Wear of the screw-nut system.
5. Debugging gears.
6. Elimination of electrical failures.

Apron repair

A signal that it is time to repair the apron of the lathe is its incorrect operation. During operation, the mechanism begins to jam, shift, and deviations in movements appear.

The peculiarities of repair work lie in the complexity of the combination of various elements of the mechanism. There is a nut that engages with the displacement shaft, electromagnetic apron couplings, and controls. The variety of parts is reinforced by the complexity of their installation. Each part has its own place, characterized by a number of parameters.

Repairs are carried out through the front panel, which can be removed if necessary.

IMPORTANT: In each case, the degree of wear must be assessed.

Designed for processing parts such as shafts, disks, turning external cylindrical surfaces, facing, boring various holes, cutting threads with both a cutter and a tap and die, rolling corrugated surfaces.

The machine can process relatively large sized parts from various materials (ferrous and non-ferrous metals).

The screw-cutting lathe 163 is a high-speed universal machine that allows the use of high-speed modes using cutters made of high-speed steel and carbide (VK, TK) at the upper limits of the spindle rotation speed.

It is used in conditions of individual and small-scale production.

• 1M63F306;
• 1M63M;
• 1M63NG;
• 1M63NP;

The device of a screw-cutting lathe 163

A. Guitar replacement gears;

B. Headstock;

B. Four-jaw chuck;

G.Movable steady rest;

D.Cutter head;

E.Support;

J. Fixed rest;

Z. Tailstock;

I. Cabinet for electrical equipment;

K. Stanina;

L. Drive for accelerated movement of the caliper;

M.Machine apron;

N. Tray for collecting coolant and chips;

O. Machine feed box

Screw-cutting lathe controls 163

1. Gearbox control handle;
2. Knob for adjusting normal or increased thread pitch;
3. Reverse handle when cutting left or right threads;
4. Pull handle;
5. Rack and pinion engagement;
6. Handle for turning and fixing the tool holder;
7. Handle for mechanical movement of the carriage;
8. Button for enabling rapid movement of the caliper;
9. Handle for reversing longitudinal and transverse movements of the caliper;
10. Fixing the tailstock quill;
11. Flywheel for manual movement of the quill;
12. Voltage switch;
13. Turning of cones or cylinders;
14. Manual carriage movement;
15. Turning on and reversing the spindle;
16. Turning on the uterine nut;
17. Manual movement of the caliper;
18. Enabling mechanical movement of the caliper;
19. Manual longitudinal movement of the caliper;
20. Turning on and reversing the spindle;
21. Starting the main electric motor;
22. Turning on the lead screw or shaft;
23. Handle for setting the required pitch and feed for thread cutting;
24. Selecting the type of thread to be cut

photo: kinematic diagram of screw-cutting lathe 163

Basic movements in the machine

The following basic movements can be distinguished in the operation of the machine:

• Main movement or cutting movement;
• Auxiliary movement or feed movement;
• Movements of helical surface formation

The main movement is the rotation of the spindle with the workpiece being processed. The drive shaft of the gearbox receives rotational motion from the main electric motor through a V-belt drive. Using a disc friction clutch, gears 40 and 45 are connected to shaft 1. Shaft 2 receives torque through a moving gear block B with two different gears. From shaft 2, rotational motion is transmitted to shaft 3 through a triple movable gear block. On average, the gear block engages and rotation is transmitted directly to the machine spindle 6.

Auxiliary movement is the rectilinear reciprocating movement of the caliper in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

The feed movement is carried out directly from the spindle through gears 60-60 when the moving block is shifted to the right position.

The central shaft 19 of the apron receives rotational motion from the roller through gears 24-44, an overrunning clutch, shaft 18 and a worm gear 3-36.

Turning on, off and reversing the longitudinal feed is carried out using an electromagnetic friction clutch.

The movement of the formation of a helical surface is a rectilinear reciprocating movement of the caliper kinematically associated with the rotation of the spindle for cutting various threads.

The movement is borrowed from the spindle head through gears 60-60 or from shaft 4 through a large pitch link with gears 60-24-48-60.

When cutting metric and inch threads, replaceable gears (guitar) are installed according to the scheme C p, and for modular and pitch threads - C p

Gear shift mechanism

Using two handles, all speeds on the machine are switched.

Handle 1 controls the movable blocks of gears B 1 and B 2, and handle 27 controls the triple block B 3 and double block B 4

By moving handle 1 through shaft 26 and gears 25-8, the crank pin 9 with disk 7 on which the end crank groove is located is rotated. It includes a roller 6 of a double-arm lever 5. The second end of the lever 5 is connected with a slider 32 to a fork 31, which, in turn, moves along a round guide 30. The roller 31 moves the triple movable block B 2

Double movable block B 1 is moved by a fork 11, which, in turn, moves along round guides using a crank pin 9 and a slider 10.

photo: gear shift mechanism

Technical characteristics of screw-cutting lathe 163

Video: screw-cutting lathe 163

In the Soviet Union, it deserved the greatest practical application. And the 163 screw-cutting lathe is its predecessor. This equipment is designed for turning large and medium-sized workpieces. This model also enjoyed enormous popularity, both in the USSR itself and beyond its borders. After all, this is an unpretentious machine that requires minimal human attention.

Purpose of the equipment

The main purpose of such equipment is to process workpieces whose internal and external surfaces have a conical or other complex shape. In addition, the use of machine 163 is relevant when. It works with a variety of tools, including dies and drills.

A universal screw-cutting lathe is suitable for such manipulations as:

• trimming;
• turning of cylindrical surfaces;
• processing of disks and shafts;
• rolling a corrugated surface;
• thread cutting.

The peculiarity of screw-cutting turning equipment is the ability to process workpieces made from the most different materials, as well as different sizes, including quite large ones. The unit is relevant both in small-scale and individual production.

The machine can even operate in high speed mode when the spindle rotation reaches its upper limit. For such cases, special carbide cutters or those made of high-speed steel are taken.

Design features

The 163 machines were prepared from the very beginning to perform a variety of turning operations. It is this versatility that largely explains its layout and choice of basic elements.

The design of the unit is classic - the controls and its appearance completely correspond to the time of production.

A pair of supporting pedestals together with a three-dimensional frame form a single element. The cabinet on the left contains the electric motor. It is connected to the gearbox pulleys and drive shafts by a standard belt drive.

In addition to the main one, the screw-cutting turning unit has several additional motors. Several of them are necessary to ensure the operation of the cooling and lubrication systems, others speed up the movement of the caliper.

The tailstock moves along the upper guides, and the caliper slides along the side guides. Rotation is transmitted from the engine to the spindle through a gearbox, and then to the drive shaft through a feedbox.

The screw-cutting lathe has the following performance characteristics

• For turning cone-shaped products, the support is equipped with a mechanism that provides mechanical displacement.
• The choice of operations that can be performed on it is very wide. The machine has basic and additional functionality.
• If necessary, the unit is switched to operating mode when the spindle rotates at high speed.
• Work can be carried out with both special and standard cutters.

To select the desired pitch when applying threads, pairs of gear wheels in the guitar and the gearbox of the screw-cutting lathe are adjusted.

Specifications

At its core, it is reliable and easy to use equipment. But to fully use its capabilities and ensure the best processing results, it is necessary to work out its technical characteristics and operating features.

The 163 machine itself, like any similar equipment developed in the 20th century, is distinguished by its large dimensions and impressive weight (the data sheet indicates the values ​​353-152-129 cm and 4050 kg, respectively). Because of this, a wide range of manipulations can be performed on this equipment.

The screw-cutting lathe unit has the following characteristics:

• limitation on part length up to 140 cm;
• spindle rotation speed is 10–1250 revolutions every minute;
• the number of feeds for the cutting slide is 32;
• depending on the method of placing the workpiece during operation, its size can be up to 35 and up to 63 cm;
• hole diameter in the spindle head – 0.7 cm;
• in forward and reverse rotation, the spindle head can rotate at 22 and 11 speeds, respectively;
• the transverse displacement speed is 1.3 m/min; for the longitudinal displacement it is 3.6 m/min.

When installing a screw-cutting lathe in the gearbox, the equipment will be ready for cutting inch, metric or pitch threads.

Types of movements

During operation of machine 163 the following movements can be performed:

• Innings.
• Cutting is carried out when the spindle rotates together with the workpiece being processed.
• The creation of a helical surface occurs when the caliper is longitudinally and rectilinearly displaced.
• Auxiliary – manual movements of various elements of equipment.

Feed – translational displacement of the caliper rectilinearly in the transverse or longitudinal direction, at an angle relative to the spindle axis in the upper area. In a similar way, both the tailstock and the caliper are shifted relative to the spindle axis.

The main thing in the course of work is the rotation of the spindle. The belt drive ensures the transmission of rotation from the engine to the gearbox. To transmit torque between the main working shafts, individual gears and blocks created from them are used.

An electromagnetic friction clutch is required to enable and disable reversal for longitudinal feed.

When cutting threads of one type or another, movement occurs to apply screw surfaces. This is the movement of a reciprocating type caliper, which has a kinematic connection with the rotation of the spindle. To apply inch or metric type threads to a workpiece, it is necessary to install the unit’s gear wheels (Sp) according to the appropriate pattern. To cut pitch or modular threads, select the Wed pattern.

How to use it correctly

In order for work with a screw-cutting lathe to be safe and highly efficient, strict adherence to the basic rules of its operation is required.

Immediately before turning on, the condition of the main components of the machine is assessed - the caliper, gearbox, headstock, main and auxiliary electric motors, and gearbox. Some units are periodically lubricated.

Safety requirements for machine 163:

• instructing workers;
• use of safety glasses and work uniforms as protective equipment;
• ensuring sufficient levels of illumination;
• correct installation of equipment.

If all requirements are met, it is permissible to start the equipment and perform the necessary manipulations. When using various modes and devices, workers must become familiar with the rules for such operations.

Price for technical documentation 163 (Tbilisi) depends on the manufacturer and year of manufacture, as well as the form of delivery and payment. To clarify your price with maximum discounts, please make a request on this site and we will answer you as soon as possible. Or contact our managers by phone or email.

Description of the passport and manual for 163 (Tbilisi)

Passport for machine 163 (Tbilisi)
Manufacturer: Machine Tool Plant named after S.M. Kirov (Tbilisi)
Year of documentation: -

Description of the machine

The universal screw-cutting lathe model 163 (Tbilisi) is designed to perform a variety of turning and screw-cutting work on ferrous and non-ferrous metals, including turning cones, cutting metric, modular, inch and pitch threads. The rigid design of the machine, the high spindle speed limit (1250 rpm) and the relatively high drive power (13 kW) make it possible to use it as a high-speed machine using cutters made of high-speed steel and hard alloys. The use of a step increasing mechanism makes it possible to increase feeds: at spindle speeds up to 80 rpm - 16 times, at spindle speeds from 100 - 315 rpm - 4 times.

Manual.
Content:
Data sheet and instruction manual
1. Purpose and scope of the machine
2. Unpacking and transporting the machine
- Instructions for unpacking and transportation
- Machine transportation diagram
3. Machine foundation, installation, installation
- Instructions for installing the machine
- Installation drawing
4. Machine passport
- General information, basic data, characteristics of components, additional data about the machine
- General view of the machine
- Specification of machine controls
- Dimensions of the working space. Landing and connecting bases of the machine.
- Main movement mechanics
- Feed mechanics
- Table of cut threads
- Information about machine repair
- Changes in the machine
5. Short description machine design and operation
- Specification of the main groups of the machine
- List of machine gears corrected by tool shift
- Kinematic diagram of the machine
- Specification of gears, worm wheels, screw worms and nuts
- Description of the kinematic diagram of the machine
- Specific features of individual units
- Bearing layout
- Specification of rolling bearings
6. Electrical equipment of the machine
- Schematic diagram
- Symbols on the circuit diagram
- Electrical wiring diagram
- Electrical cabinet panel wiring diagram
- Placement of electrical equipment on the machine
- Description of the electrical circuit of the machine
- Instructions for operation and maintenance of the electrical equipment of the machine
- Electrical equipment specification
7. Machine lubrication
- Instructions for servicing the machine’s lubrication system
- Lubrication scheme
- Specification for the lubrication scheme
8. Preparing the machine for initial start-up, initial start-up and safety instructions.
9. Setting up and setting up the machine and operating modes
10. Adjusting the machine and eliminating disturbances in normal operation
Application:
1. Acceptance certificate
2. List of machine equipment
3. Materials for spare parts

How to order

To order this machine manual, please use one of these contact methods:

We will respond to your request within an hour, and by phone you can receive
information immediately