Demo and history codifier. What difficulties arise for those taking the exam in history

Hello! Recently, the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Change (FIPI) published the KIM USE in History 2018. Without knowing what these documents are, further preparation is simply pointless.

For many, CMM is associated with real USE tests. In fact, CMMs are Test and Measurement Materials. Their purpose is to measure what students have learned. The KIM USE History 2018, as always, consists of three documents: a demo version of the test, a topic codifier and specifications.

Demo test

A comparison of the 2017 and 2018 demo tests showed that, according to KIM, the test would remain the same. No new job types are foreseen. However, do not forget that so far we are dealing only with a project. The project will be approved only in November 2017. This means that there is still time to make any changes to the test itself.

Also, don't be too happy about the test remaining unchanged. Yes, the types of tasks themselves will remain the same. However, they still require serious preparation. The student must have excellent command of the map, the skill of analyzing the text of the source, excellent historical erudition.

After all, 1 part of the test on the real exam must be solved in a maximum of an hour. The second part - in the second hour. In the third hour, a history essay is written. And for the last 55 minutes everything has to be rewritten in a high-quality white paper (blank). Because no drafts count towards the review. For reference, a demo of the test, like other KIM documents, can be downloaded from fipu.ru

And the bank of tasks on the site can find trial and real versions of USE tests based on the history of past years.

Topic codifier

The USE in History 2018 contains many topics that you need to know perfectly well. Also, do not forget that at the end of the document there are about 100 topics on World History, which are included in tasks 1 and 11 of the USE test.

When you look at so many topics, it seems impossible to learn all of this. In fact, if you adhere to a competent methodology and constantly study and repeat new topics, along the way completing tasks on them, then everything is real.

In our training courses, we just adhere to this technology, and every year many of our graduates take the USE in history for maximum scores. Here, for example,

Specifications

In 2018, the maximum primary score that can be earned on a test is 55, according to the specifications. A total of tasks - 25. Test points are still 100.

Let me remind you that in exam test there is a two-level assessment system. Primary scores are scores that are awarded on verification. After it, the primary scores are converted to test scores. Roughly speaking, 100 test points is a 100% test completed.

This year you will receive a maximum of 56.4 primary points for the first part and 43.6 for the second part. At the same time, you can still get 11 primary points for a historical essay, which is a fifth of the entire work.

That is why on our training courses we pay great attention to the historical essay. Andrey Puchkov has developed a unique step-by-step writing technique, thanks to which only one can learn how to write it for the maximum score.

This completes a small analysis of the KIM USE in history. Like it, subscribe to new articles. We are also looking forward to seeing you in our preparation courses this academic year.

Download fresh KIM USE on history 2018

DOWNLOAD THE KIM USE ON THE HISTORY OF 2018 \u003d \u003e\u003e

“History is not a teacher, but an edifier, a teacher of life; she does not teach anything, but only punishes for ignorance of the lessons "- considered the great Russian historian V.O. Klyuchevsky. Let's not make mistakes, but start learning uSE lessons 2018 with the study of the new exam demo.

The exam in history has become more difficult!

In August 2018, FIPI published new guidelines for preparing graduates for the Unified State Exam. Among the many subjects that have undergone major changes in the basic documents, a new approach is now needed in preparing for history. Moreover, these are the changes that significantly complicate the exam itself, which is already quite specific!

The USE results in history for 2018 remained at the same level. This year The USE was taken by more than 750,000 schoolchildren throughout the Russian Federation. 650,000 people are graduates of this year.

This year the number of canceled jobs has decreased significantly. For the whole period of the exam from exams removed about 400 people, more than half of them tried to use a mobile phone.

The average score in 2018 is 60 points. The exam was passed 130,000 thousand people, 1.5% more than in 2017. 260 people scored the maximum number of points, and 9% could not pass the exam.

And here is our experience in preparing a graduate for the Unified State Exam-2018:

Demo version of the exam 2019 in history

So, the codifier is a list of checked for USE topics has not changed, since the old standards for graduates of 2018 remained in force, as well as demo version - the structure and level of complexity, the types of tasks offered, have changed a lot. Pay attention to demo version of the exam 2019 in history!

What are the main changes in the USE 2019 in history?

In fact, there are no changes in the quality level in the tasks. In part 1, nothing has changed. Small revision of the criterion for assessing task 21 (to the source text).

Unlike materials OGE (for grade 9), no test part. Or rather. it is not in the usual form in which we are used to seeing it! You cannot choose one correct answer from the four suggested. Now you need to clearly know the sequence of events, the term, and, most importantly, not only know the main historical sources on the history of the country, but also be able to interpret them, tie them to events and draw conclusions! For example, how it began.

It's simple, if here you know what happened in 1240, and you know the rules for converting years into centuries (you add one to the first two digits of a four-digit number and you get the desired century), then answer 3.

Battle of the Neva in 1242(12 +1) \u003d XIII century

Things are getting more complicated now. Here is the first question demos 2018:

History question 1 of the 2019 USE demo

The question is not only about the knowledge of dates, but rather about the ability to compare chronologically entire eras. So, if you don't know the exact date:

Then you can "tie" this date to history, remember that these events are directly related to the creation of the approval of the ideological concept

The theory "Moscow - the Third Rome".

That is, even not knowing the exact events of world history should not confuse you. Although, we note that this becomes a necessary competence!

As we will see, continuing our analysis of the 2019 demo, there are more work assignments with a block of assignments with maps and illustrative material (difficult, as a rule, for a graduate) preserved in the same volume. And especially since 2017, the written part 2 has been complicated. So, instead of the usual task, a HISTORICAL ESSAY was introduced, about which our separate conversation and

Let's start analyzing the demo!

Now let's go through the tasks in order, some of which we have already met in the old demo version of 2016, and some have either changed the numbering, or a completely new task.

The task is a little more complicated (6 options to choose from instead of the previous 5), but in such content it should not pose a threat. If you do not know these key dates, then why go to the USE in history at all?

For ease of memorizing even such dates, you can turn on associative memory, remember literary works, pictures telling about the event.

Answer: 2643.

The third question is similar, but here it is not a correspondence of a set of phenomena, but a general series. The knowledge of the terms that characterize the phenomena of one of the periods of the country's history (in this case, the 19th century) and the ability to isolate a term that falls out of the general range are tested.

TASK CHANGED! And more complicated, it requires 2 answers!

Question 3 of the 2019 USE demo in history

Free farmers, ministries, Decembrists, military settlements characterize the period of the reign of Alexander I and Nicholas I (1801-1855). Justices of the peace - the result of the implementation of the judicial reform of Alexander II (1855-1881). But june third coup - the event of 1907, which completed the First Russian Revolution (1905-1907).

Answer: 46.

The change in the electoral system to the Third State Duma in favor of the government is one of the results of the dissolution of the Second Duma without its consent (which actually violated the Basic Laws Russian Empire 1906), therefore coup.The Octobrists are the political party "Union of October 17", key participants in the events associated with the first stage of Russian parliamentarism at the beginning of the 20th century (1906-1917).

So, if you know that Tsar Ivan IV divided in the years of the oprichnina (1665-1672) into the oprichnina proper and the ZEMSHCHINA, you will write this term, if not ... Alas! Answer: ZEMSHCHINA.More details

This task is more difficult than the task for compliance No. 2, here it is not only necessary to know the facts (that, for example, in the mainstream of the policy of "Enlightened Absolutism" of Catherine the Great, the Legislative Commission of 1767 was convened).

P.S. There was NO battle at the Dubosekovo junction !!! A typical fragment of propaganda and history of the country as its component!

Help-report of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilov's men"

Another question of correspondence, this time between historical figures and the events in which they took part.

History question 9 of the 2019 exam demo

Selection method: in the Battle of the Ice in 1242, St. Alexander Nevsky defeated the Teutons, the commander in the Livonian War was a friend, and then an enemy of Ivan the Terrible, Andrei Kurbsky.

The cavalry of Peter I in the Battle of Poltava in 1709 was commanded by his colleague Menshikov, and the Soviet commander Mikhail Frunze defeated the troops of Baron Wrangel in the Crimea in 1820 during the final phase of the Civil War (1918-1922). The question does not seem difficult, although it is also slightly complicated by one more superfluous answer option.

Answer: 4356.

This is a typical source analysis question. The logic of reasoning can be as follows: 1) This is the period of the USSR. 2) Memories (memoirs) were left behind only by the leaders of the country N.S. Khrushchev. 3) "I criticized Stalin ...". Let us recall the XX Party Congress in 1956. 4) For verification. Indeed, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev served as both party leader (First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee) and head of government and state (Chairman of the Council of Ministers), as the text says.

The main thing when working with texts is to highlight semantic markers! Read more about the principles of working with texts on the exam in history

11 TASK CHANGED in content! And more complicated, moreover, it requires a fairly deep knowledge of the UNIVERSAL HISTORY (Third Crusade, how do you?)!

Here's what happened in 2016:

And here's what happened:

History question 11 of the 2018 USE demo

Here you need to pay attention to the USE codifier in history, which, along with the topics necessary for preparing for the exam, contains a list of events and processes in world history that can be checked on the USE. And, often, they are not directly related to the history of Russia.

USE codifier in history 2019. List of verifiable events in World History

And, of course, you need not only to know the dates, according to Russian history, first of all, but also, thinking, to carry out associations: Monomakh went to The 1111 Crusade? Yes! This means that around this time there were Crusades in Europe. Simultaneously with the abolition of serfdom in Russia in 1861, the Civil War was going on in the United States, and Lincoln abolished slavery!

In my opinion, the greatest events in the world today are, on the one hand, the American slave movement, which began with Brown's death, and, on the other, the slave movement in Russia.

About the Reformation, sorry, I will not now

History question 11 of the 2019 exam demo. ANSWER

A more complex question on the analysis of a source requires not only the ability to work with it, but also rely on known facts that are not indicated directly in the source. As we can see, the historical context accompanying this telegram is the Kornilov revolt (August) of 1917.

So, it is clear that events are already taking place in a situation of revolutionary upheavals in 1917, option 1 is not correct. The month of August, the Provisional Government is still in power, and not the Bolshevik Council of People's Commissars of the Council of People's Commissars) is the result of their achievements of the October Revolution. Option 2 is not correct. But he would not have existed if Kornilov had been luckier. His plans to suppress the revolution failed. Option 5 is also not correct.

History question 13 of the 2019 USE demo.

So, first of all, when analyzing the map, we pay attention to what we see: and their names, the campaigns of the Russians on the territory of the united Russian state ... We conclude that we have on the map the first stage of the history of Russia, and the events associated with it!

And, accordingly, the arrows on the map, indicating military campaigns, and with significant activity? Let us immediately recall the name of the most active in foreign policy and campaigns of conquest of the ancient Russian prince? Whom did the people of Kiev reproach:

"Why, prince, don't you want to rule over us?"

6) Kiev prince Oleg made a trip, indicated in the legend of the scheme by the number "2". Well, the right option, we look closely, and we see the standard for the ancient Russian princes campaign against Constantinople on the way "from the Varangians to the Greeks." About this we are with you. The correct option.

Answer: 146.

A new assignment dedicated to understanding the trends and facts of cultural development. The block "Culture" also becomes more complicated in this way.

Knowing the dates will help you here:

1185 - the estimated date of the campaign described in "The Lay of Igor's Host" (XII century)

And facts:

1965 - laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature "for the artistic power and integrity of the epic about the Don Cossacks at a crucial time for Russia")

Job assignment with illustrative material.

History question 18 of the 2019 exam demo

You need to know that Mikhail Tukhachevsky is a hero of the First World War, the Civil War. Was destroyed at the height of Stalin's repression in 1937(1 fits) being accused of conspiracy against the Best Friend of Soviet Children. And also, which is natural, the years of reign of our leaders of the state: Nicholas II ruled from 1894 to 1917, 1893 (2 does not fit !!!), N.S. Khrushchev was in power from 1956 to 1964. (5 fits).

Answer: 15.

And the final question of Part 1. He logically connects with the one standing in front of him, one should not forget this!

History question 19 of the 2019 USE demo

As we already understood, the answer is 1 NOT TRUE, Tukhachevsky did not live during the Second World War. Also, the first railway in Russia was built in 1837, long before the birth of Tukhachevsky. 2 WRONG.

But Russian parliamentarism (the activities of the first Dumas 1906-1917) and the creation of the USSR in 1922, Tukhachevsky found. Options 34 are CORRECT.

Answer: 34.

This concludes the analysis of the test part 1 of the USE 2019 demo in history. Answers to difficult written assignments are in the appendices to the demo, one of them by us when studying the first introductory topic of the country's history about A about

Recall that you can complete tasks and discuss them

• There are no changes in the structure and content of the CMM.
• In task 25, the conditions for scoring according to the K6 and K7 criteria have been changed: points for these criteria are set only if at least 5 points have been set according to the criteria K1 – K4.
• According to the K6 criterion, the maximum score can be set - 3, and not 2, as it was before.

The examination paper consists of two parts, including 25 tasks.

• Part 1 contains 19 tasks,
• Part 2 contains 6 tasks.

For execution examination work according to history 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).

Answers to tasks:

• 1-19 are written in the form of a sequence of numbers or a word (word combination).
• The tasks of part 2 (20–25) require a detailed answer.

All USE forms are filled in with bright black ink. The use of a gel or capillary pen is allowed.

When completing assignments, you can use the draft. Notes in the draft, as well as in the text of control measurement materials are not taken into account when evaluating the work.

Points, received by you for completed tasks, are summed up.

• 1 point - for 1, 4, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 tasks.
• 2 points - 2, 3, 5-9, 12, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22.
• 3 points - 11, 23.
• 4 points - 24.
• 11 points - 25, which is estimated by.

The minimum passing score is 32.
The maximum you can get on the exam in history is 55.

Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

After completing the work, check that the answer to each task in answer forms No. 1 and No. 2 is recorded under the correct number.

One of the elective subjects, which is indicated by the graduate in the application submitted before February 1, is the USE in history 2018.

1. Specification (job description, listed required documents, the structure of the exam in history is reflected, a plan of the KIM version is given).
2. Codifier (a list of skills and topics that are tested on the exam in history. The codifier has an application that lists all the events in history foreign countries, which will be tested in tasks # 1 and # 11).
3. Demo version of the exam history (one version of the exam on history), with which you need to start preparing for the state exam in history.

The structure of the KIM USE by history

Total 25 tasks

Part 1 Part 2

19 questions with a short answer 6 questions with a detailed answer

Part 1 presents the following tasks:

• knowledge of chronology (you need to know in what year, in what century an important historical event occurred);
• knowledge of historical concepts and terms;
• knowledge of historical facts;
• two tasks for the ability to work with historical sources;
• knowledge of historical figures;
• to test the ability to work with information given in the form of a table;
• to work with a historical map;
• knowledge of the facts of the history of culture;
• to work with illustrative material.

Part 2 consists of 6 tasks that involve a detailed answer that must be written in your own words.

3 tasks (№20, №21, №22) - tasks for working with a historical source.

Task number 20 assumes the attribution of the historical source (attribution is the determination of authorship, the determination of the time of creation of the historical source, the determination of the events referred to in this historical text).
Task number 21 is a task to search for information in a source.
Task number 22 - checking contextual knowledge.
Task number 23 - a historical task or analysis of a historical situation.
Task number 24 on the test to argue historical points of view. This is the most difficult task in all the work.
Task number 25 - a historical essay.
The tasks of the first part can be considered tasks basic level, but the skills demonstrated by students in the second part refer to an increased level of difficulty.

What skills should a graduate demonstrate?

Examiners expect the following skills from a graduate who takes the exam in history:

In the first part:

• the ability to work with historical sources, texts;
• work with a historical map;
• ability to work with illustrative material.

In the second part:

• the ability to argue in a historical essay;
• solve historical problems.

History is the science of facts

History is a subject that requires knowledge. You can do a lot, but it is almost impossible to pass history well without knowing the facts. You need to know:

1. dates, years of certain events;
2. facts, events, processes and phenomena;
3. historical figures;
4. facts of the history of culture;
5. it is necessary to navigate in causal relationships.

More about tasks with a detailed answer

It is clear that eleventh graders still have little life experience; it is difficult for them to analyze or compare some things. But in the tasks with a detailed answer, knowledge of the facts that are studied in the course of the school subject is checked. The age of the students, of course, affects the understanding of these facts. Also, the guys do not always have a desire to delve into historical sources, to understand the cause-and-effect relationships of events.

In 2017, there were no changes in the structure of work. There is only one change in task # 25 (this is a historical essay). Requirements have been specified and the assessment criteria have changed slightly.

In a historical essay, it is required to write a sequential coherent text, that is, a mini-essay about one of the periods of history (to choose from three).

There are certain requirements for the essay:

• must be represented in the work of at least two processes, phenomena within the period chosen by the student;
• two persons should be indicated, their roles in these events, processes, phenomena should be characterized;
• at least two causal relationships must be indicated;
• historical terminology must be used;
• no factual mistakes can be made.

Time to complete the work - 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).

The maximum primary point that can be gained for completing all the work is 55 points. These 55 points are transferred to test points on a special scale.

What difficulties do those taking the exam in history face?

As a rule, the following tasks in the first part represent the difficulty:

• dedicated to the history of the Great Patriotic War (No. 8);
• knowledge of historical personalities, historical personalities (No. 9);
• knowledge of the facts of the history of culture (No. 17);
• for the analysis of illustrative material (No. 18 and No. 19).

In the second part with a detailed answer, there is also a task that turns out to be difficult for students in grade 11. This is an argumentation task (no. 24), where a certain debatable point of view that exists in historical science is presented, and graduates need to give 2 arguments from the point of view of supporters of this position and 2 arguments from the point of view of opponents.

The USE model in history is flexible; it has been improving over the course of several years. This is due to the response of public opinion - with the opinion of applicants, teachers, educators, the expert community. Particular attention is paid to changes in the exam and in politics, since the life of society is constantly changing, which should be reflected in the tasks of the state exam in history.

The date of the exam in history will be known in January 2018.

ABOUT uSE results history in 2018 can be found in your educational organization or on the official website of the exam.

Tips for preparing for the exam in history can be found here:

Love history, are interested in events that took place in the past, and you are also well versed in the historical vicissitudes of the last century - feel free to choose a subject as a profile one for passing the exam.

In 2017, about 9% of graduates voluntarily chose the unified state examination in history, most of whom managed to successfully overcome the minimum threshold of 32 points and get the opportunity to compete for the desired budgetary place in best universities RF.

For everyone who has not yet decided on the list of subjects for delivery in 2018, and also plans to start active preparation for the exam in history, we offer the most relevant information on the topics:

At the plenary session of the All-Russian conference "History of Russia in the XXI century through the eyes of schoolchildren" the head of the Ministry of Education and a historian by education Olga Vasilyeva said that a unified state examination in the history of Russia should be mandatory. The Minister added:

Of course, this issue requires discussion, but a person, having completed 11 years of training, cannot but know his history.

Knowing the fact that Vasilieva is not a supporter of rapid reforms, one can expect that in 2018 history will still remain among the subjects of choice. But, in the coming years, it may well take pride of place mandatory for certification at the end of grade 11.

Where are the USE in history required for admission?

Although history is not among the most popular subjects of the USE today, taking it provides an opportunity to get an education in such faculties as:

• historical;
• legal;
• archaeological;
• regional studies;
• tourism and service.

Please note that for some specialties, history must be passed in conjunction with social studies!

The prospects for students of Russian universities, providing education in these areas, are very broad. Lawyers and art historians, editors and press secretaries, archaeologists and administrators of modern hotels - these professions are in demand not only in all regions of Russia, but also abroad.

Problems with the exam in history

By the results of the exam in history, in 2017 it became obvious that the issue of the discrepancy between the questions in the tickets and the program taught in schools is extremely acute. Moreover, this is not about the essence, but about the very formulation of the questions, which the students do not understand correctly.

A number of tasks on the history of Russia are based on maps and various images, for example, pictures of coins or temples, which are either not in textbooks, or they are different.

Differing in CMMs and textbooks and illustrations of architectural styles, which led to confusion.

Only those questions that relate to facts and dates can be unambiguous. But history is not factual, and on a number of issues there are no unambiguous criteria for assessing student knowledge, since there are a number of different points of view.

The consequence of such problems with the exam in history average result lower than in other subjects. Let's hope that when preparing the changes to the USE on the history of 2018, these problems will be taken into account in the wording of the questions, but you should not fully count on this. School textbooks simply cannot contain all the necessary material, and, therefore, you will have to study a lot additionally.

Changes in KIMs on the history and teaching of the subject

In the 2017-2018 academic year, all Russian schools should receive new history textbooks! The Ministry of Education and Science believes that the previously recommended books did not cover some topics of the subject correctly enough. It is also planned to pay more attention to the study of the modern history of Russia, because high school students must understand the processes taking place around.

Perhaps the innovations will also affect KIMs. Over the past few years, USE tickets in history have hardly been affected by significant changes, but in 2018 they can still be improved and optimized. Such innovations are expected:

• The questions that caused the test takers in 2017 to understand the essence of the task will be rephrased.
• Some questions about the events of the VIII-XVII centuries, as well as the XVIII-XIX centuries will be deleted.
• A task will be added on the topic "Heroism of the citizens of the USSR during the Second World War."
• The third section will cover history starting in 2014.
• There will be new questions about the 20th century about the events of 1914-1941 and 1945-1991.

The Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI) also proposes to introduce the oral part in the exam in history.

But, while it is known for sure that tickets will consist of two parts:

1. 19 tasks for which you will need to give a short answer in the form of a word, phrase, number (century, year, date), the name of a historical character, etc.
2. 6 tasks for which you will need to write a detailed answer (analyze a problem, a fragment of historical material, or an assessment or point of view). The last task of the USE in history is to write a short essay on one of the three proposed historical periods.

The work will take 210 minutes (3 hours).

The minimum threshold is 32 points.

Preparation for the exam in history

Effective preparation for any exam begins with familiarization with the features of exam tickets, the formats of the proposed tasks and their features. It is also important to know the assessment criteria, which will allow not to make mistakes, for which a decrease in the score is possible.

In 2018, preparation for the USE in history includes the following stages:

1. Selecting the correct sources of theoretical information. The most correct decision would be to rely on the facts that will be included in new textbooks, according to which training is planned in the 2017-2018 academic year.
2. Systematization of information. It is not enough just to read mountains of literature. It is necessary to comprehend what you read and highlight the main thing.
3. Use effective memorization methods - analogies, graphic diagrams, visualization.
4. Work through the topics sequentially in chronological order.
5. Do not be lazy to draw up an oral response plan for each topic, trying to speak briefly, but to the point.

Of course, it is also necessary to solve tasks from the trial exam, available on the official website, as well as tickets for 2017. The likelihood that this particular question will fall into the real test of 2018 is minimal. But, this will give the skill of working with tasks of different types, which in itself is an irreplaceable experience and will give confidence in their abilities.

The help of a good teacher will not be superfluous, who will tell you how to quickly and effectively prepare for the exam.

However, a history tutor for the exam should be aware of all the innovations in recent years. Otherwise, the "old school" teacher will be much more harm than real help in preparing for the exam.