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What is a town hall? The building with the stopped clock from the movie The Adventures of Electronics comes to mind, or the building with carillons, to the sounds of which the postman declared his love in the movie Welcome.
What do dictionaries say
The town hall is, according to the definition of explanatory dictionaries, a medieval city merchant self-government body. It developed in the XII-XIV centuries in the trading cities of Germany. Spread across Europe, the town hall takes on various forms. In some cities, it combines the judiciary and the mayor's office.
The second meaning of the word "town hall" is the building in which the city council is located. Being the main administrative building of the city, it is usually a very interesting building from the point of view of architecture. In the 19th century, the importance of town halls was revived, and beautiful modern city halls were built.
In France, the building of the town hall is called the Hotel de Ville, which means “city mansion”. After the revolution of 1789, it was renamed the City Hall. Belgium and Canada in French-speaking areas retain the same name.
In England it is called Town Hall or City Hall. In Portugal - Paços do concelho, which means "palace of the district". And in Italy it’s completely unromantic - Palazzo comunale, that is, a “communal building”.
The medieval town hall is the face of the city
Originating in Germany, town halls quickly spread to other countries. The building of the town hall was the main building in the city, and in its appearance they formed an opinion about the wealth of trade.
There was an architectural type of the building: a two-story house with a meeting room on the second floor. Occasionally there were also three-storey buildings. An obligatory element was a multi-tiered tower with a clock or a bell. It is interesting that some buildings were decorated with carillons - bells on which it was possible to play a melody.
Now these buildings are historical value. The Bavarian city of Bamberg is known for the fact that its old town hall, the photo of which can be seen below, is located on an artificial island in the bed of the Regnitz River.
The town hall had a balcony or a bay window to address the people, and under it - a platform. Thus brought to the attention of the townspeople important decisions of the city government.
Russian town hall
The town hall is a rather old word that came into the Russian language with the blessing of Peter I, who founded the first self-government body. The name survived the Polish transformation of the German Rathaus (Rathaus) - "house of councils". In Polish, it sounds like "town hall" (ratusz). It happened at the beginning of 1699, and in the autumn the new administrative unit was renamed the town hall.
The election of twelve burgomasters was not easy, the people took this position as a new duty. Peter's hope to stop the theft of incoming funds did not materialize, and innovations followed.
By analogy with the town halls in Germany, she was given the power to collect taxes and decide merchant cases, producing court and resolving disputes. This self-government body lasted until 1870, after which it was replaced by the city duma and city council.
Modern town halls of different countries
Buildings of administrative importance are built with the expansion of office work. A new wing is being built or a new building is being built. The same is true of town halls in different cities.
The English city of Birmingham is famous for the building of Town Hall. Its town hall is a semblance of a Roman temple, built in 1834. The building was conceived as a place for political debates and a concert hall with an organ for a three-year festival. Funds for it were collected nationwide. All British politicians spoke within its walls. Now various events are held here: tournaments, graduation balls, weddings and concerts. Dinner parties and fashion shows are not uncommon.
In Prague, at the beginning of the twentieth century, a new town hall building was built for the financial part. The project was made by O. Polevka, a well-known architect. Sculptures are installed in the niches of the outer walls and on the roof, and the walls have rounded corners. This building is very beautiful. Now it is used as the governor's office and a conference hall where various festivals are held.
City Hall buildings are gradually changing their direction. Along with political and economic services, these attractions serve the people during their leisure hours. There is a list of ancient town halls, Gothic buildings and the largest city halls.
All of them are interesting for travelers. When you are in Europe, ask where the local town hall is. It will add some history to your trip.
In every medieval city there was a square where the market was located and fairs were held, solemn events were held and criminals were punished. Such a place in the heart of Tallinn was the Town Hall Square.
Now, as in former times, holidays and fairs are held here, excursion routes start from here. In summer, there are numerous cafes, and in winter, a huge Christmas tree flaunts. The Town Hall Square is especially festive and elegant during the Days of the Old Town, which take place at the end of May.
The old-timers of this historical place are the Town Hall and the Pharmacy, which are over 600 years old.
Tallinn Town Hall
The Town Hall in Tallinn is the only medieval town hall built in the Gothic style that has survived in Northern Europe. In summer, it can be completely bypassed - from the basement to the tower, which is reached by 115 steps.
The Town Hall of Tallinn was built in the 13th century and is an architectural monument of the late Gothic period. At the beginning of the 15th century, the building was rebuilt and the modern appearance of the building, as well as the internal layout, have been preserved from that time.
On the spire of the tower we see a weather vane - a figurine of Vana Toomas, the legendary Old Thomas - the main symbol of the city, which was installed on the spire in the 16th century.
On the second floor of the building are the Burgher's Hall and the Meeting Hall.
Ceremonial receptions and performances by itinerant artists and musicians were held in the Burgher Hall. And the most important was the Assembly Hall, where the city council met and court sessions were held.
The kitchen prepared food for big holidays. There was also a levatorium - a niche for washing hands with a small window. Water was taken from a well located on the Town Hall Square.
In the basement there was a wine cellar and a trading floor. The magistrate wanted the sale of wine to be under his control, since the excise on sales brought a large income to the city treasury. Wine in the Middle Ages was considered a valuable drink and was used only on holidays and for church purposes.
Now in the halls, as in the old days, sometimes solemn receptions and concerts are held, and exhibitions are held in the basement.
Town Hall Square in Tallinn - interesting facts and legends
- In the center of the square there is a plate symbolizing the center of Tallinn, the so-called zero kilometer. There is a belief that if you see the five spiers of the Old City from this point and make a wish, it will certainly come true. From here you can see the spire of the Church of the Virgin Mary of the Dome Cathedral, the spire of the Church of Oleviste and the bell tower of the Church of the Holy Spirit, the Church of Niguliste and the main spire of Tallinn on the Town Hall
- According to legend, Thomas is a boy from a poor family who once climbed into an archery competition and hit a wooden parrot. For such an act, he was not punished, but accepted into the city guard
- It is believed that it was in the Town Hall Square Pharmacy that the famous Estonian marzipan, a national dessert, was invented, the main components of which are crushed almonds and powdered sugar or sugar syrup. Marzipan is believed to have a positive effect on nervous system and helps to get rid of depression and headaches
- Not far from the Pharmacy, a place is marked where, during archaeological excavations, a well lined with stone was found, as well as the remains of a drainage system. Nearby you can see the letter G, made of stones. In fact, this is not a letter, but half of the cross. The fact is that punishments were often given at the pillory, but the real execution took place here only once and a cross was laid out at this place. However, after one of the repairs, only half of the cross remained - in the form of the letter G.
Opening hours of Tallinn Town Hall in 2019
- From June 25 to August 31, open from Monday to Saturday from 10:00 to 16:00
- Closed on Sundays, July 6, August 20, 23 and 29 and during official receptions
- In winter (October to June) the Town Hall can be visited by prior appointment e-mail: [email protected] or call (+ 372) 6 457 900 or (+372) 6 457 906
Opening hours of the observation deck on the Town Hall tower in 2019
- From May 15 to September 15 daily from 11:00 to 18:00. Last entry at 17:30
- Closed 23 and 24 June
- In winter, the observation deck on the tower is closed.
The cost of tickets to the Tallinn Town Hall in 2019
- Adults - 5 euros
- Students - 3 euros
- Family ticket (2 adults and children under 16) - 10 euros
The cost of tickets to the observation deck on the tower of the Town Hall in 2019
- Adults - 3 euros
- For children under 16 years old - 1 euro
- Bank cards are not accepted for payment!
Official website of the Town Hall of Tallinn
Town Hall Square in Tallinn is the visiting card of the capital of Estonia, the soul of the old city, beautiful at any time of the year.
Tallinn Town Hall - the building of the city administration of the medieval Reval (since 1919 Tallinn), located on the Town Hall Square in the center of the Old Town, the best preserved building of the medieval town hall in Northern Europe. In 2004, the Tallinn City Hall celebrated its 600th anniversary.
The Tallinn City Hall is the only Gothic-style city hall that has survived in northern Europe. In written sources, the Revel Town Hall was mentioned for the first time in 1322. At that time it was a one-story limestone building. At the end of the XIV century, when the commercial importance of Reval in the Hanseatic League increased, the town hall began to expand. XV was the time of the greatest cultural and commercial flourishing of Reval. During the reconstruction of the town hall in 1402-1404, it was expanded into an arcade, ceremonial halls were built on the second floor, and the building acquired a representative tower. In this form, the town hall met the requirements of a wealthy Hanseatic city and through the centuries brought to us the skill of the then local masons and the delicate taste of craftsmen who arrived from a foreign land. In 1530, a weather vane was installed on the tower of the town hall, which the townspeople began to call Old Thomas. City guard Toomas has guarded the city for almost 500 years. Spillways in the form of dragon heads are an excellent example of the high level of forged products of Reval masters. They were made in 1627 by the local coppersmith Daniel Pöppel.
Interiors
Basement and shopping area
The basement hall of the town hall was used as a wine cellar (veinikelder). The magistrate wanted the sale of wine to take place under his strict control and, first of all, in the wine cellar. The excise tax on wine gave a large income to the city treasury. In the Middle Ages, wine was considered a valuable drink, consumed only during major holidays or for church needs. In the basement hall there are the oldest windows of the town hall - these archaic windows can be recognized by the stepped window sills. At one end of the room, an old fireplace mouth has been preserved. The room above the basement, the trading floor, was also called the wine cellar in the old accounting books, although it was apparently also used as a place to store and display more valuable goods. The most luxurious rooms are located on the main floor of the town hall. This is the burgher hall, or vestibule, and the most important room of the town hall is the magistrate's hall.
burgher hall
The burgher hall, or vestibule (est. vorhus), served in the Middle Ages as a room for solemn receptions and holidays of the townspeople. Traveling musicians and actors who arrived in the city also performed here. The burgher hall is characterized by an abundance of light. The pylons that carry the Gothic vaulted hall are decorated with a Christmas tree pattern rich in colors. The original painting of the pylons is visible on both sides of the column from the side of the main staircase. In the hall, attention is drawn to the magnificent city coats of arms and located above the door leading to the magistrate's hall, an inscription as a reminder: From the summer of the Lord 1651. Ratman, whoever you are, entering this house to fulfill your duty, leave everything behind the threshold ...
1. Market Square.
How did the center of a medieval city differ from a modern city?
The center of the medieval city, as well as the modern one, was the square. Only in the case of a medieval city, the whole life of the city flowed on the square: auctions were held there, people exchanged news, punished criminals, theatrical performances and performances took place on the square.
Unlike the modern city, the medieval city did not have running water or sewerage.
2. Town Hall.
1. What items and documents were kept in the town hall? What significance did they have for the city?
The town hall kept the city banner, the keys to the city gates, and the city seal. In the same place, in strong chests behind many locks, they saved the treasury and the archive. Archival documents were guarded especially carefully, as they contained charters in which the rights, liberties and privileges of the city were recorded.
2. Which of the three ways of forming city government seems more democratic to you? What groups of the urban population were in any case excluded from city government?
The most democratic way to form a city council was to elect its members at a narrow meeting of "respectable" citizens.
In any case, the poor and even many wealthy artisans were not allowed to govern the city.
3. City Cathedral.
Why did the townspeople spend so much money, effort and time on the construction of cathedrals?
Citizens spent so much money, effort and time on the construction of cathedrals in order to show the greatness, beauty and wealth of their city, to be proud of it. In addition, cathedrals were built in honor of the saints, who were supposed to help the city and protect it.
4. Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals.
1. Why do you think the Romanesque temples looked like fortresses? Why are they called Romanesque? How do they resemble the architectural monuments of Ancient Rome?
Because the period when the cathedrals were built - 9th - 12th centuries - was a period of internecine wars and constant attacks by neighboring tribes (Normans, Hungarians, etc.), so they had thick walls so that in case of an attack, the inhabitants of the city could hide behind them.
These cathedrals are called Romanesque because the architects who built them used the techniques of ancient Roman builders. The architecture of ancient Rome, these cathedrals resembled the use of columns, arches and vaults.
2. What mood did the architecture of the Gothic cathedral create among believers?
The architecture of the Gothic cathedral created the impression of lightness and weightlessness, as if the cathedral was stretching upwards.
Questions at the end of the paragraph.
1. Imagine that you are a traveler arriving in a medieval city. Describe what you saw in the city. What did you find unusual?
The appearance of medieval cities was different from modern ones. The city was surrounded by high walls with towers and deep ditches filled with water to protect against attacks, the city gates were locked at night. The walls surrounding the city limited its territory; with the influx of people from the villages and the increase in the number of inhabitants, it did not accommodate all the living, and it had to be expanded by building new walls. Thus, suburbs arose, in which artisans settled mainly.
Due to the limited urban area, the streets were very narrow. The houses were built on several floors, with each upper floor hanging over the lower one, so that the street was always in twilight. The architecture of the houses was uncomplicated and monotonous, the main building materials were wood, stone and straw. The exception was the houses of feudal lords and wealthy merchants. Two buildings stood out sharply in the town square - the cathedral and the town hall. It was the center of the city and at the same time the market square. The streets were inhabited by artisans of the same specialty. The windows of each workshop usually faced the street: during the day the shutters were opened, the upper one turned into a canopy, and the lower one became a counter. In addition, through the open window one could see how the products are made. street lighting long time didn't exist. There were no sidewalks either, the streets were unpaved, so it was very dusty during the heat in summer, and dirty in spring and autumn. Waste was thrown directly into the streets. It was difficult to walk and drive along the streets of the medieval city, the puddles were so deep that one could not even ride a horse through them. Overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, lack of hospitals turned the city into a hotbed of all diseases and epidemics, from which sometimes 1/2 to 1/3 of the population of cities died, especially during the plague, which was called the black death. Cities with their wooden buildings and thatched roofs were often subject to devastating fires, so it was a rule to put out the lights in the houses after dark.
2. Using additional materials prepare a report about one of the famous medieval cathedrals.
Chartres Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral located in the city of Chartres in the prefecture of the department of Eure et Loire. It is located 90 km southwest of Paris and is one of the masterpieces of Gothic architecture. In 1979, the cathedral was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Churches have long stood on the site of the modern Chartres Cathedral. Since 876, the Holy Shroud of the Virgin Mary has been kept in Chartres. Instead of the first cathedral, burned down in 1020, a Romanesque cathedral with a huge crypt was erected. He survived the fire of 1134, which destroyed almost the entire city, but was badly damaged during the fire on June 10, 1194. From this fire, started by a lightning strike, only the towers with the western facade and the crypt survived. The miraculous salvation from the fire of the sacred shroud was considered a sign from above and served as a pretext for the construction of a new, even more grandiose building.
The construction of a new cathedral began in the same 1194 with donations that flocked to Chartres from all over France. City residents voluntarily delivered stone from the surrounding quarries. The project of the previous structure was taken as a basis, into which the remaining parts of the old building were inscribed. The main work, which included the construction of the main nave, was completed in 1220, the consecration of the cathedral took place on October 24, 1260 in the presence of King Louis IX and members of the royal family.
Chartres Cathedral has survived from the end of the 13th century to the present day almost untouched. It escaped destruction and robbery, was not restored or rebuilt.
The three-aisled building has a Latin cross plan with a short three-aisled transept. The eastern part of the temple has several semicircular radial chapels. At the time of construction, the vaults of Chartres Cathedral were the highest in France, which was achieved through the use of flying buttresses based on buttresses. Additional flying buttresses supporting the apse appeared in the 14th century. Chartres Cathedral was the first to use this architectural element in its construction, which gave it a completely unprecedented external outline, increased the size of the window openings and the height of the nave (36 meters).
A feature of the appearance of the cathedral are its two very different towers. The 105-meter spire of the southern tower, built in 1140, is made in the form of a simple Romanesque pyramid. The north tower, 113 meters high, has a base left over from a Romanesque cathedral, and the spire of the tower appeared at the beginning of the 16th century and is made in the flamboyant Gothic style.
Chartres Cathedral has nine portals, three of which have been preserved from the old Romanesque cathedral. The northern portal dates from 1230 and contains sculptures of Old Testament characters. The southern portal, created between 1224 and 1250, uses New Testament scenes with a central composition dedicated to Last Judgment. The West Portal of Christ and the Virgin Mary, better known as the Royal Portal, dates from 1150 and is famous for its 12th-century depiction of Christ in Glory.
The entrances to the north and south transepts are decorated with sculptures from the 13th century. In total, the decoration of the cathedral has about 10,000 sculptural images made of stone and glass.
On the south side of the cathedral there is an astronomical clock of the 16th century. Until the clockwork broke in 1793, they showed not only the time, but also the day of the week, month, sunrise and sunset times, the phases of the moon, and the current sign of the zodiac.
No less remarkable is the interior of the cathedral. The spacious nave, which has no equal in all of France, rushes to the magnificent apse located in the eastern part of the cathedral. Between the arcades and the upper rows of windows of the central nave there is a triforium, the massive columns of the cathedral are surrounded by four powerful pilasters. The cathedral is famous for its colored stained-glass windows, the total area of which is about 2000 m2. The Chartres collection of medieval stained glass is absolutely unique: more than 150 windows, the most ancient of which were created in the 12th century. In addition to large stained-glass roses on the western facade, south and north transepts, the most famous are the stained-glass window of 1150 "The Virgin of Beautiful Glass" and the composition "The Tree of Jesse".
A distinctive feature of the stained-glass windows of Chartres Cathedral is the extreme saturation and purity of colors, the secret of which has been lost. The images are characterized by an unusual breadth of subject matter: scenes from the Old and New Testaments, scenes from the lives of prophets, kings, knights, artisans and even peasants.
The floor of the cathedral is decorated with an ancient labyrinth from 1205. It symbolizes the believer's path to God and is still used by pilgrims for meditation. There is only one way through this labyrinth of the cathedral. The size of the labyrinth practically coincides with the size of the window rose of the western facade (but does not repeat it exactly, as many mistakenly believe), and the distance from the western entrance to the labyrinth is exactly equal to the height of the window. The labyrinth has eleven concentric circles, the total length of the path through the labyrinth is approximately 260 meters. In its center is a six-petaled flower whose contours are reminiscent of cathedral roses.
According to the mockumentary film Far Blue Heights, drawings on the floor of Chartres Cathedral helped mathematicians discover "gravity tunnels".
The medieval stained-glass windows, including the rose window, are well preserved in Chartres Cathedral. total area glazing in the cathedral - 2044 sq.m. Stained glass from this period is dominated by deep blues and reds, while lighter shades are rare.
Questions for additional materials.
What was the significance of the activity of changers in medieval society?
Thanks to the activities of the money changers, trade developed, as it made it possible to buy / sell goods of another state, which contributed to the development of the turnover of goods.
1. What architectural style do you think the tower was built in?
I think that in the Gothic style, it is characterized by aspiration to the sky.
2. How to explain that the craftsmen made such serious mistakes during construction and, moreover, did not pay attention to warnings?
It is possible that the masters lost the knowledge of architecture and architecture that was known during the Roman Empire.
Hello, friends! Do you know which is the oldest town hall in Europe? Old Town Hall in Prague. You have probably noticed that in many European cities whose history began in the Middle Ages, one of the most impressive buildings is the city hall. The Town Hall of the Old Town in Prague, on which unique chimes are installed, is included in the list of objects protected by UNESCO.
The town hall is located on the Old Town Square and is a key point of the main tourist routes, since it belongs to the main ones. The original building and its high Gothic clock tower attract attention not only for its appearance, but also for the mini-performance that accompanies the chimes, as well as the opportunity to climb to the observation deck of the tower. I will go into more detail on the following:
- Architecture of the Old Town Hall
- Guided tours of the town hall
Architecture of the Old Town Hall
The Town Hall in Prague, in contrast to the one made in the same style or in, is a complex of five historical buildings, different in style:
The foundation of the building dates back to the 14th century, some of the structural components appeared in the 15th century. Everything here breathes history in the literal sense.
The town hall was formed from the mansions that belonged to the wealthy residents of the Old Town. The city government bought the mansions gradually, starting with the corner house, which at that time was without a Gothic tower, and without a chapel with a bay window, and without a special extension for the clock.
The architectural renovation of the building came very quickly. In 1338, the inhabitants of the Old Town only obtained permission from the king to establish a town hall, and ten years later, when Charles IV became the head of the Czech Republic, the construction of a Gothic tower began. The project of the tower with the chapel belonged to the best architect of the royal court, Piotr Parlerzh.
Parlerge was simultaneously involved in several important projects in the state. Under his leadership, a bridge across the Vltava, now known as Prague Castle, was also built.
Chapel of the Virgin Mary
The town hall chapel is unique even among the variety of architectural sights that the Czech Republic is rich in. It ends with a five-sided bay window, which is decorated with sculptures and coats of arms of the Czech lands:
To the right of the chapel, the building seems to break off. This part of the town hall was much longer and had a beautiful Gothic portal. But in 1945 it was destroyed by the Nazis and was never restored.
The Chapel of the Virgin Mary was consecrated five times during its existence. From the very beginning, divine services were held in it before each meeting of the council, passed as festive events as well as rituals.
And today in the chapel, as well as in the halls of the town hall, there are solemn events not only of national importance. You can often see wedding processions near the walls of the town hall. Accompanied by the sound of the organ, wedding ceremonies are held in the chapel.
Orloi chimes
In 1410, chimes were installed on the town hall. To accommodate the numerous mechanisms involved in the operation of the clock, a stone extension was erected on the south side of the Gothic tower:
There are many mechanisms, as you can see. Orloi consists of an astronomical disk, a dial with a calendar, and above these large details there are windows that become a mini-scene during the chiming clock. Figures of the apostles appear in the windows, the golden cockerel with its exclamations puts an end to another passed hour ...
By the way, excursions are provided in the town hall for those who wish to get acquainted with the work of some clock mechanisms and observe the movement of the apostles from inside the building.
While the clock was being installed on the Old Town Hall, in Europe there were already towers with chimes, however, much simpler. Now officially recognized as the oldest active chimes in the world.
South facade of the town hall
Following the construction work on the installation of the chimes, it was time to update the facade of the town hall. This magnificent portal appeared in the 16th century:
The south side of the town hall consists of several different facades. A lot of emblems, coats of arms and symbols are concentrated here. Visitors to the Old Town Square go to the south side if they come from.
These popular places are connected by a very colorful street, which narrows to the exit to the square and delights with this view:
It is not surprising that, when they first come to the Old Town Square, the guests of the Czech capital gasp in amazement. An impressive town hall, next to it is the temple of the Virgin Mary in front of Týn of amazing beauty ...
Excursions to the Old Town Hall
What visitors to the Old Town Square are most interested in is the Orla chimes and the performance that accompanies them every hour. Thankfully, it's all free. Come and see as much as you want.
Also popular is the ascent to the observation deck of the Gothic tower. The height of the tower is 69.5 m, and it is still fascinating to look at the center of Prague from the gallery, which is located under the conical top. This event is paid. A ticket for adults costs 130 kroons, for students it will cost 80. Tickets are purchased at the box office, which is located at the base of the tower. But the entrance is open in another part of the town hall - through the southern portals:
The doors of this bright building are open until 18.00. If your tour takes place later than the indicated time (you can climb the town hall tower until 22.00), use the entrance from the same side, but closer to the tower:
First of all, you will find yourself in a spacious hall. The ascent to the tower starts from the third floor, which you need to go up the stairs:
The town hall houses beautiful halls that were created in different eras famous masters. Of course, if you chose to climb the tower, then such an excursion does not provide access to the halls. Climbing the stairs, you can only see the historical doors:
There is a separate tour of the halls and the dungeon of the town hall, allowing you to see the beautiful Gothic City Council Hall, which has retained its appearance from the beginning of the 15th century, and other historical premises. The cost of this tour is 100 CZK, opening hours are 9.00-18.00. Without this excursion, you will have to be content with just inspecting the doors:
On the third floor, the ascent directly to the tower begins. You can use the modern elevator, which began to function since 2000. Visitors are lifted by a glass cylindrical cabin. The authors of the design received the Interior of the Year award for their work. If you look up, you will see this picture:
The elevator shaft is surrounded by flights of stairs, and the tower can also be reached on foot. In the process of climbing, look at the photos of how the Old Town Square looked like several centuries ago, and how it has changed. And this is how you will see the square from a height when you find yourself on the observation deck of the town hall tower:
The sun was going down and painted such a bizarre picture on the square. It is interesting that, looking from the bottom up, the tower of the town hall does not seem so high ... But when viewed from above, everything looks amusingly reduced.
Galleries are located around the perimeter of the tower, providing a convenient view in all directions. And this, of course, is the most convenient place to view the magnificent. Also pay attention to the street, which is visible in the upper left corner in the photo. This street will lead to if you are going to visit a medieval laboratory.
There are several towers in the center of Prague, from the observation platforms of which it is interesting to see Old city. One of them is a must visit. Let it be the Gothic tower of the Old Town Hall or the Astronomical Tower of the neighboring one, or any third option ... Friends, I highly recommend taking a look at the historical center of Prague from a height.
Your euro guide Tatiana
