Law on the consumer basket of the Russian Federation. On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation. Explanatory note to the draft federal law "On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation"

Law of the city of Moscow No. 23 of 15.05.2002 "On the living wage in the city of Moscow" defines the concept of "consumer basket" - this is the minimum set of food, as well as non-food goods and services that a person needs to maintain health and ensure his life. Thus, it can be clarified that the consumer basket, as a rule, is used to calculate living wage, as well as to compare the integral food prices in different regions of a particular country.

The consumer basket in the Russian Federation is 156 items of goods and services, this list was compiled in 1992 by agreement between the IMF and the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Compared with other countries, the consumer basket of products, goods and services is a much smaller list than, for example, in the USA, where it consists of 300 items, or Germany, where the list includes 475 types of products, goods and services.

From January 1, 2016, Federal Law No. 227-FZ of December 3, 2012 comes into force"O consumer basket in the Russian Federation as a whole ”, adopted in November 2012 The State Duma Of the Russian Federation and approved by the Federation Council of Russia. The federal law on the consumer basket of the Russian Federation of 2016 consists of 4 articles and provides for the establishment of the consumer basket as a whole throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation. Let's consider this law in more detail.

Article 1 of the federal legislative act regulates the procedure for establishing a consumer basket for the main social-democratic groups of the population in the Russian Federation. In accordance with the provisions of the article, the consumer basket must be established at least once every five years.

Article 2, paragraphs 1 and 2, establishes a list of food products that must be included in the consumer basket for the main population groups in Russia, including the composition and volume of products in physical terms, as well as the ratio of the cost of non-food products and services to the cost of food in percents.

Federal Law No. 44-FZ of March 31, 2006"On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation" and Federal Law No. 332-FZ of December 8, 2010 "On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation in 2011 - 2012", in accordance with Article 3 Of the Federal Law on the Consumer Basket of the Russian Federation of 2016 are recognized as invalid.

Article 4 of the Federal Law under discussion fixes the date of entry into force of the document - January 01, 2016. This law was signed by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin in 2012.

Project N 227090-4

Submitted by the Government
Russian Federation

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

THE FEDERAL LAW

About the consumer basket in general
across the Russian Federation

This Federal Law establishes a consumer basket for the main socio-demographic groups of the population in the Russian Federation as a whole.

Article 1.

The consumer basket for the main socio-demographic groups of the population (able-bodied population, pensioners, children) as a whole for the Russian Federation is set in the following composition and volumes (in physical terms):

1. Food

2. Non-food items

3. Services

Article 2.

1. This Federal Law shall enter into force on the day of its official publication.

2. This Federal Law applies to legal relations arising from January 1, 2005.

The president
Russian Federation
V. Putin

EXPLANATORY NOTE to the draft federal law "On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation"

Project federal law"On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation" was prepared on the basis of the Federal Law of October 24, 1997 N 134-FZ "On the subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation", according to which the subsistence minimum * is determined on the basis of the cost estimate of the consumer basket, revised at least once once every five years, as well as in connection with the expiration of the validity period.
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* The subsistence minimum for the whole of the Russian Federation is used to assess the standard of living of the population, to justify the minimum wage established at the federal level, as well as to determine the amount of scholarships, benefits and other social payments established at the federal level.

Methodological recommendations, on the basis of which the consumer basket is determined in accordance with Article 3 of the Federal Law "On the Subsistence Minimum in the Russian Federation", were approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 12, 2005 N 511.

The proposed bill updates the consumption volumes provided for in the consumer basket.

Taking into account the need to improve the quality of nutrition, it is proposed to increase the nutritional and biological value of the consumer basket by:

an increase in comparison with the existing norms in the consumption of meat and meat products, fish, milk, fruits and berries;

reduction of consumption rates for bread products (bread, pasta, flour, cereals, legumes) and potatoes.

It is proposed to increase the consumption rate on average per person per year in the following amounts:

meat and meat products - by 22%, including for pensioners - by 39%;

fish and fish products - by 15%, including for children - by 25%;

fresh fruits - by 31%, including for pensioners - by 62%, for children - by 27%;

milk and dairy products - by 10%.

The suggested minimum food sets are an average dietary model balanced in essential nutrients and energy. The energy value of the minimum set of food products on average for 1 person is 2268 kcal per day (including for working age - 2418 kcal per day, for pensioners - 2000 kcal per day, for children - 2062 kcal per day), which corresponds to those developed by specialists in the field of nutrition, the norms of the physiological need for nutrients and energy for workers with very light and light physical activity, children and pensioners (Appendix 1).
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* Appendix 1 is not included in the mailing list. - Note "CODE".


Considering that the list of non-food products consumed by the population (clothing and footwear, bed linen, cultural, household and household goods, basic necessities and sanitation), as well as the terms of their wear over the past period, practically did not change, their minimum set in natural units of measurement included in the consumer basket remains in the same volumes of consumption.

Consumption rates of housing and communal services, household and transport services in the proposed version of the consumer basket, they do not change, since they allow ensuring the minimum needs of the main socio-demographic groups of the population for housing, organization of everyday life, and movement. The increase in tariffs for services is taken into account when calculating the value of the subsistence minimum based on the updated consumer basket.

The minimum set of services includes cultural services as a separate line in pursuance of the instruction of the President of the Russian Federation of April 3, 2005 N Pr-512 on ensuring access of low-income citizens to cultural values.

The updated consumer basket proposed by the bill in value terms (in consumer prices in the first quarter of 2005) is more than the previous one, per capita by 84 rubles or 3.3%, including for the working-age population - by 72 rubles or by 2.7%, pensioners - by 100 rubles or 4.8%, children - by 117 rubles or 4.4% (Appendix 2) *.
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* Appendix 2 is not included in the mailing list. - Note "CODE".


The entry into force of the draft federal law "On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation" is envisaged from the day of its official publication.

The draft federal law applies to legal relations that arose from January 1, 2005 in connection with the expiration (December 31, 2004) of the Federal Law of November 20, 1999 N 201-FZ "On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation".

In the Russian Federation, there is a federal law that regulates the cost and list of products in the consumer basket. There are several requirements for this legislative act, including the need to update a maximum of once every 5 years. The last changes were made in 2017.

The changes compared to the previous version are insignificant.

Basic provisions of 227 FZ

The main provisions are divided into points, of which there are only 4 in the Federal Law.

Article 1.

It is a time limit. The list should be revised at least within a 5-year period. This is the maximum limit of the validity of the edition and the established composition of products and services.

Article 2.

The second paragraph regulates the list and description of services and products that are included in the list. These data are included in the estimated assortment, on the basis of which the cost is formed.

There are several important points:

• a set of products is formed based on the needs of the key stratum of the population, that is, different options for different categories;
• data are oriented as a whole to the country, there is no regional division;
• all calculations are made according to natural indicators;
• categories of the population are divided into three types - minors, persons of retirement age and the working-age population;
• the distribution of products for each category is drawn up in a table, where the columns indicate the name of the product, the unit of measurement and the average value of the volume that is expected to be required for the annual period.

There are several types of goods in the list of products without fail. Among them:

• cereals, pasta, flour, bakery products;
• potato;
• vegetables of various types;
• a set of fruits;
• confectionery and granulated sugar;
• any type of meat;
• different types of fish;
• dairy products, including milk;
• eggs;
• different types of oil;
• other products.

Additionally, a list of goods not related to food products is determined. The cost is indicated in the rate of 50%.

Article 3.

The third article of the Federal Law has a list of legislative acts that have lost their force, but previously regulated the main aspects of filling the required volume. These include N 332-FZ of 8.12.2010, which sets the rules for 2011-2012, and N 44-FZ of 31.03.2006.

Article 4.

The final article sets out the framework for the period during which the act and its existing version will be valid.

The existing period is limited to 12/31/2020.

Changes as of 2017 edition

The latter type has few changes, in particular, the validity period was changed, which was postponed to 2020.

At the time of signing the changes, the cost of a set of basket services in a rounded amount is 3,840 rubles.

All changes were regulated by the N-ФЗ act.

Important! The cost varies every quarter depending on economic indicators or other factors.

Conclusion

The set for various categories of consumers is formed on the basis of legislative acts that take into account the minimum set of goods and services that are necessary to ensure life. Each group of people has its own indicators.

All data are regulated by law and have a certain period of validity until the next revision of the volume of necessary goods.