Grand Palace of the Byzantine EmperorsThe Grand Palace of the Byzantine Emperors,...
The ability to quickly and correctly build sentences in English allows you to start speaking much faster than reading hundreds of texts. After all, knowing the word order, you can build any sentence on your own, without depending on the teacher and the textbook.
Take the English sentence building exercises on our website and you will remember the order in which English words should go.
We make sure you remember the three basic rules for word order. If you have forgotten them, look here. Do not forget that if a definition applies to a noun, then it is always placed before it (nice skirt).
Online Sentence Building Exercise
Exercise:
p.1-p.3 - Choose the correct translation of the sentence into English.
p.4-p.5 - Substitute the missing word in the sentence.
p.6-p.8 - Make sentences from words.
Everyone chooses a profession according to their taste
... Everyone according to their taste chooses a profession Everyone chooses a profession according to their taste > .
We have two lyceums in the city
... There are two lyceums in our town We have two lyceums in our town.
Where your sister lives? ... Where does your sister live? Where does your sister live? .
What are you ... tomorrow box hiding they behind your back?
She lost her ... purse nice with money two weeks ago in the park.
Have work stressful nurses very ... have work stressful nurses very ... have work stressful nurses very ... have work stressful nurses very ... have work stressful nurses very .
Are sky the in there clouds ... are sky the in there clouds ... are sky the in there clouds ... are sky the in there clouds ... are sky the in there clouds ... are sky the in there clouds.
Did quit job your why you ... did quit job your why you ... did quit job your why you ... did quit job your why you ... did quit job your why you ... did quit job your why you.
Word order in an English declarative sentence ... 4
Noun ………………………………………………… 5
Article ……………………………………………………...................... 6
Pronoun ……………………………………………………….. 7
Some, any, no …………………………………………...................... 8
Many, much, few, little ………………………………………………… 9
Adjective ……………………………………………………. 10
Numerals ………………………………………………………..12
Prepositions ……………………………………………………………..12
“to be” ………………………………………………………………...14
‘There+be’ ……………….………………………………………………15
“to be, to do, to have” ……………………………………………………15
“have/have got” ………………………………………………………….17
Tenses of the verb in the active voice …………………………………...18
Tenses of the verb in the passive voice ………………………………… 26
Modal verbs and their equivalents ……………………………. 28
Types of interrogative sentences ……………………………… 32
Communion …………………………………………………………… 33
Participial phrases ……………………………………………….. 35
Gerund. Gerundial turnover ………………………………… 36
Infinitive. Infinitive constructions …………………………….. 37
Coordination of times ………………………………………………….. 39
Direct and indirect speech ………………………………………………. 40
Conditional sentences ……………………………………………. 42
STOP & CHECK YOURSELF………………………………………. 44
To table 1 :English word order
declarative sentence
Exercise 1.
Is, a, table, book, on, there, the. 2
Library, very, is, good, our.
Are 35, pupils, class, our, in, there.
Like, I, read, to, books.
She, to, goes, Pete, with, school.
Study, in, we, winter.
In, room, is, there, telephone, my, a.
Visit, uncle, to, went, to, his, Pavel, Moscow.
They, with, play, Saturday, every, basket ball, friends, their?
He, fond, always, English, he, because, is, well, language, of, this, knows.
Datum, blackboard, was, this, on, formula, the, of, there, this.
Usually, it, me, to get, takes, my, an hour, to, office.
There, any, are, on, the blackboard, figures.
A picture, there, over, the bookcase, is?
Countries, the, metric system, European, use, most, now.
This, the, to, have, no, I, to, time, gym, go, afternoon.
Winning, players, a lot of, among, team, has, of, friends, he.
Farmers, club, built, last, students, new, for, year, collective.
See, cinema, time, to, go, I, new, the, have, when, free, the, the, film, to, I.
There, are, United, situated, the, Atlantic, States, the Pacific, between, Oceans, and.
Will, a, be, laboratory, in, there, this, next, room, year.
Had, our, finished, we, experiment?
Are of, full, news, newspapers, our, interesting, USA, about, the.
In winter, study, we, and, in summer, rest.
A library, we, at, have, very, school, good, our.
Many, factories, are, at, there, town, our.
Friend, Donetsk, studies, my, at, University, the, in.
Is, for, friend, this, letter, your, I, which, received, yesterday.
To, Victor, four, wrote, days, a, his, letter, ago, friend.
See, often, we, library, them, our, at, local.
Morning, at, o'clock, in, usually, up, woke, the, six.
10. The, is, the best, famous, one, museums, world, the, in, British, of, museum.
To table 2:
Noun
Exercise 1. Choose the correct plural form of the noun
1. a school (A - schools, B - schools, C - school); 2. a sheep (A - sheep, B - sheeps, C - sheepes); 3. news (A - newes, B - newses, C - news); 4. a child (A - childs, B - children, C - childrens); 5. a baby (A - babys, B - babies, C - babys); 6. money (A - money, B - moneys, C - moneis); 7. A goose (A - gooses, B - geeses, C - geese); 8. advice ( A–
advice, B - advices, C - advicis); 9. a handkerchief ( A–
handkerchiefs, B - handkerchieves, C - handkerchievs); 10. foot (A - foots, B - feets, C - feet); 11. sugar (A—sugas, B—sugares, C—sugar); 12. hair (A–hairs, B–hairs, C–haires); 13. A box (A - box, B - boxes, C - box); 14. information (A - informations, B - information, C - informationes); 15. a housewife (A - housewifes, B - housewifs, C - housewives).
Task 2. Choose the form of the noun in the possessive case. .
1. The tooth of my little brother 2. The toys of my sister
A. My brother "s little tooth; A. My sister" s toys
B. My little brother "s tooth B. My sisters" toys
C. My tooth "s little brother C. The toys" my sister
3. The wages of my father 4. The text-book of my friend
A. Father "s my wages; A. My friends" text-book
B. Wages" my father B. My friend"s the textbook
C. My father's wages C. My friend's text-book
5. The people of this country. 6. The goods of that office.
A. This country "s people; A. That office" s goods;
B.These people "s country; B. That offices" goods
C. Country "s these people. C. The goods" that office
7. The instruments of his father. 8. The children of my aunt.
A. His father "s instruments; A. My aunts" children;
B. His instrument "s father; B. Children" s my aunt;
C. The father's instruments. C. My aunt's children.
9. The geese of my Granny. 10. The trousers of those boys.
A. Geese "s my Granny; A. Those boy"s trousers;
B. My Granny "s geese; B. Those boys" trousers;
C. My geese "s Granny. C. The trousers" those boys.
TO
table
3:
Article
Exercise 1. Put the indefinite, definite or zero article before the following nouns and phrases.
House, ... Petrovs, my ... sister, ... butter, ... knowledge, ... Asia, ... Caucasus, ... Apennines, much ... water, by ... tram, ... Transvaal, any ... pen, ... sugar, ...
Bermudas, ... milk, in ... morning, at... school, on ... right, by day, to go to ...
bed, to tell... time, ... sun, at... time, to have... cold, ... tea, ... Azores, ... Black Sea, .... snow,... British Channel,... Australia,... Doctor Brown, that ... boy, ... Professor Pavlov, ... coal, ... Titanic, ... I Geography , some ... books, ... music, ... Pacific Ocean, this I... dictionary,... Rostov (hotel), ... Paris, little ... milk, ... moon, . .. best boy, ... second lesson, ... United States of America,... Scotland,... Appalachians,... America,... Florida, ... Bahamas, ... Rocky Mountains, ... Alaska, ... Sunday Times.
Task 2. Choose the necessary article instead of gaps: A - a; B - an; C - the, D - (zero article)
A. Common nouns
1. You "ve got ... cold. Stay at ... home and have ... apple. 2. Give me your ... pen, please. This ... pen is bad. 3. What"s. ..time? Oh, it's high time to train and play ... piano. 4. To tell ... truth, I am not ready for ... lesson. 5. In ... spring we like to go for ... walk in ... park. 6. Come to see me ... day after tomorrow in ... evening. 7. We had ... good time on ... board ... ship this ... summer. 8 As ... result of our
... walk we "ve got ... lot of beautiful autumn ... leaves. 9. Don" t be in ... hurry, take your ... seat and tell me about ... school. 10. Take ... care of your sister, she has ... bad headache.
B. Proper nouns
1. On ... Wednesday ... Times published an article about the events in ... Caucasus. 2. ... United Kingdom includes ... Great Britain and ... Northern Ireland. 3. ... English Channel is between ... England and ... France. 4. My father is from ... Ukraine. He was born in the town of Cherkassy on ... Dnieper river. 5. ... USA is the fourth largest country in the world after ... Russia, ... Canada and ... Republic of ... China. 6. ... Lena is ... longest river in ... Siberia. 7. My relatives live in ... Crimea, not far from ... Black Sea. 8. Sometimes on ... Sundays we enjoy a wonderful journey on board ... "Ivan Polsunov" along ... Don. 9. Show me ... Canary Islands and ... Azores on this map. 10. ... Browns speak ... Russian very well because they often visit... Moscow and other cities of ... Russia.
TO
table
4:
Pronouns
Exercise 1. Translate into English the possessive and reflexive pronouns in brackets.
1. This is (our) Institute. 2. These are (their) drawings. 3. I don't know where I have put (my) pencil. 4. I don't know where is (my) pencil. 5. Give me (your) pen, please. 6. She must write (own) translation. 7. He wants to read (his) translation and they will read (his) translation. 8. He has no idea where (his) ticket is. 9. I shall give him (my) ticket as I don't want to go to the cinema. 10. Here is the table I want to show you; one of (his) legs is broken. 11. I gave her (his) book. 12. We shall give them (our) tools. 13. I'll do this (himself). 14. The experiment (himself) was very important.
Task 2..
1. I often meet (his, him) in the reading room. 2. Will you give (I, me) your text-book, please? 3. I received a letter from (she, her). 4. We saw (they, them) in the theatre. 5. Give me (you, your) ball-point-pen (ballpoint pen), please. 6. (Me, my) sister teaches (them, their) mathematics. 7. (Our, us) students were present at the lecture. 8. (Many, much) students were present at the lecture. 9. He reads (little, few). 10. She spends (many, much) time on this kind of work.
Task 3. Open the brackets by choosing the correct form of the pronoun .
1. I used (her, hers) bicycle; (my, mine) is broken. 2. I recognize you but I have forgotten (your, yours) name. 3. (Your, yours) suitcase is bigger than (our, ours). 4. (Their, theirs) dog ate its dinner. 5. Is this bicycle (your, yours)? No, it's John's. 6. Is this one (our, ours)? I'm not sure. 7. This is (my, mine) typewriter. 8. That is (her, hers) problem. 9. Those glasses are (my, mine). 10. Are these (your, yours) shoes? No, they are (their, theirs). 11. Show (we, our, us) these pictures, we like (their, them, they). 12. Whose books are these? They are (we, us, our) books. 13. Look at the picture, (it, it's, she) beautiful. 14. Come to see (my, I, me) today. 15. His sister likes to read (she, her, his) books on history. She reads (they, them, their) after classes. 16. Help (I, my, me) with this translation, please (he, it, his) is difficult. I cannot do it without (you, your) help. 17. Ivanova is (our, we, us) teacher of English. (She, her, it) is not old. 18. Read the text, please. (He, she, it) is easy. 19. This letter is from (his, he, him). 20. I am going to (he, him, his) sister.
Task 4. Open the brackets by putting the personal and possessive pronouns given below in the correct form.
A.Pronouns in the singular : my, me, mine, his, his, her, hers, it, its.
1. Give (me) (ee) book to read. (My) - is not interesting. 2. Are these (his) text-books? No, they are (her). 3. Show (me) (his) magazine, please. 4. (His) sister is here, and where is (mine)? 5. Give (him) (his) pen. He likes to write with (by her). (She) is always with (him). 6. Please, help (me) to write a report for (him). (He) needs (in him) for tomorrow. 7. (This) is not (his) key. (He) is (her). 8. Give (me) (her) photo and I'll give (you) (mine). 9. I asked (her) to help (him) to do (his) home-task. 10. Is (this) (her) map? (I) am not sure. (I) think, (she) is (him).
B. plural pronouns : we, us, our, ours, you, your, yours, they, them, their, theirs.
1. (We) are (their) relatives, not (your). 2. Show (us) (our) new teacher. 3. Whose girl is this? The girl is (ours). 4. Are the boys (your) friends? No, (they) are (their) friends. 5. All (your) suitcases are in (their) car. Take (them). 6. What is (your) address? (Them) is the same. (They) live not far from (you). 7. How long are (you) waiting for (us)? 8. (We) asked (them) to live with (us) at (our) summer cottage. 9. Where are (their) glasses? Show (them) to (us). 10. We know (them) very well. (They) are the friends of (ours).
To tables 4.2-4.4: SOME, ANY, NO and their derivatives
Exercise 1. Fill in the gaps with pronouns SOME or ANY.
a. 1. There are ____ photographs in the cupboard. 2. Here are ____ lines from a poem by Wordsworth. 3. There aren't ____ good films on this week. 4. Don't take ____ tablets this evening. 5. They're building ____ new houses in the next street. 6. I don't have ____ clean shirts. 7. Please buy ____ stamps for me on your way to work. 8. I met ____ old friends at the station yesterday. 9. I won't leave ____ windows open tonight. 10. She hasn't written ____ interesting books recently.
b. 1. We wanted to make ____ sandwiches but we found we hadn't got ____ bread. 2. I left ____ meat on the table and the dog ate it while I was out. 3. He got out his pen to sign the check but there wasn't ____ ink in it. 4. Please fetch me ____ dry wood to get the fire started. 5. The expansion plans sounded wonderful, but unfortunately the company didn't have ____ money to pay for them. 6. Don't leave ____ food in the fridge when you go away on holiday. 7. At the concert last night they played ____ music I had never heard before. 8. To try to save money, the firm bought ____ secondhand machinery at a sale. 9. You haven't done ____ work so you can't expert ____ pay. 10. ____ French wine is quite sweet.
c. 1. Let me give you ____ advice about learning a language. 2. Try to do ____ studying every day. 3. Even when you think you don't have ____ time, try and find ten minutes, and learn ____ words. 4. ____ people think that learning a language is something we can do without ____ difficulty. 5. We know that there isn't ____ truth in that idea. 6. You have to do ____ hard work, or you won't make ____ progress. 7. With the linguaphone course we've tried to make even the hard work enjoyable. 8. So you won't forget ____ of the exercises, will you?
d. 1. I see … bread. Why haven’t you bought …, Nick? – I had … time to do it. 2. Have … soup, Helen. - No, thank you. I had … soup at dinner. I don't want … more. 3. Were there … mistakes in your paper? – Yes, there were…. (No, there weren't ....). 4. Will there be … concert after the meeting? - No, there won't be ... concert. 5. Why didn't they give us … postcards to send?
Task 2. Choose the right option .
For example :
I'd like some/any tea please.
1. I'm sorry, Sir, but we haven't got any/no
fish. 2. Natalya at some toasts/toast
but I didn't have any. 3. There's/There are
some cheese on the table. 4. I didn't give Fiona an/any
apple. 5. We had some/any
hot chocolate last night before we went to bed. 6. They didn't see some/any
bread in the market. 7. Oh dear, there's no/any
milk. 8. I haven't got some/any
money for new clothes.
^ MANY, MUCH, FEW, LITTLE
The word order in an English sentence is, on the one hand, an easy topic, because the basic rules are simple, on the other hand, it is inexhaustible, because the nuances are endless. In this article, we will not try to embrace the immensity, but consider the basic rules, principles for constructing a sentence in English.
What is a sentence in English
Word order in a subordinate clause (in a complex sentence)
In subordinate clauses, the word order is simple - the same as in the affirmative,
- I know where you live. - I know where you live.
- I don't know where you live. - I don't know where you live.
- Do you know where I live? - Do you know where I live?
For clarity, I will present the proposals in the form of a table:
A common mistake is that in the part of the sentence that begins with unions (in this case, these are unions) who, why, when, where the words rearrange, as in an interrogative sentence.
- Not right: I don't know why did she call me.
- Right: I don't know why she called me.
In this case, “…why she called me” is not at all the same as the interrogative sentence “Why did she call me?”, but a subordinate clause. The word order in it is direct, as in a simple affirmative sentence.
Especially often so mistaken in complex interrogative sentences. In this case, the reverse word order should be only in the main part (Do you know), but not in the subordinate clause (where I live).
- Not right: Do you know where do I live?
- Right: Do you know where I live?
- Not right: Do you know who was it?
- Right: Do you know who was it?
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The most important thing to remember when translating sentences into English is strict word order. We can say in Russian "He writes poetry just fine!". But the translation into English must necessarily begin with the subject, then use the predicate, the object and, if any, the circumstance. So, it turns out “He writes poems just brilliantly!”
Practice translating by doing online English sentence writing exercises on our website. It's simple, fast (check online) and gives good results.
Do not forget about the "reverse order" of words in questions and. Good luck!
Online proposal writing exercise
Exercise:
p.1-p.2 - Choose the correct translation of the sentences.
p.3-p.4 - Substitute the appropriate word in the gap.
p.5-p.10 - Make the correct sentences from the suggested words.
She'll be here in a week
... She will come here in 2 weeks n 2 weeks she will come here.
There were many people at the festival
... At the fest were many people There were many people at the fest. .
They went to school ... yesterday teachers play every day.
Prepare Granny Tomorrow Usually will make a big cake for your birthday.
Late bed went he to ... late bed went he to ... late bed went he to ... late bed went he to ... late bed went he to .
Have octopus eaten I ... have octopus eaten I ... have octopus eaten I ... have octopus eaten I .
Very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are ... very in school our teachers strict are .
Italian are they ... Italian are they ... Italian are they?
Vegetables you like do ... vegetables you like do ... vegetables you like do ... vegetables you like do ?
Is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there ... is scratch arm your on a there .
Word order in English subject to clear diagram (pictured). Substitute the words instead of the squares and get the correct word order. The scheme is simple and you can figure it out in just 15 minutes. For a better understanding, there are examples of English sentences with translation into Russian.
Word order in an English sentence, construction scheme.
The standard English sentence is built on such a scheme:
The sentence shown in the figure is called narrative or, which is the same, affirmative. An affirmative sentence is when someone has done something and we are talking about it.
At the first place The subject of a sentence is the one who performs the action. In the diagram and in the examples, the subject is highlighted in red. The subject can be a noun (mother, cat, apple, work, etc.) or a pronoun (I, you, he, etc.). The subject can also contain several adjectives used as a definition (fast cat, red apple, etc.).
In second place always worth the predicate. The predicate is the action itself. In the diagram and in the examples, the predicate is highlighted in blue. It is expressed by a verb (go, look, think, etc.)
After the predicate one or more additions. An object is again a noun or a pronoun.
And at the end of the sentence are circumstances of place and time. They show where and when the action took place. As a rule, first come the words that answer the question “Where?”, And then the words that answer the question “When?”.
Examples of affirmative sentences:
What if there is no subject?
In Russian, statements are quite common in which either the subject or the predicate is omitted, or both. For instance:
In English, the predicate is obligatory. And in such cases, the verb to be is used as a predicate. For instance:
They are students.
They are students.
That is, the English instead of "They are students" say "They are students", instead of "This is a tree" they say "This is a tree." Here "are" and "is" are forms of the verb to be. This verb, unlike most other English verbs, changes by person. You can see all forms of the verb to be.
If both the subject and the predicate are missing in the Russian sentence, then when translating into English, “It is” is put at the beginning of the sentence. For instance:
Coldly.
It is cold.
The order of adjectives.
It happens that the addition contains a large number of adjectives. For instance:
I bought a large beautiful and very comfortable sofa.
Here is the standard word order for adjectives in an English sentence:
1) adjectives that describe your impression of the subject (good, beautiful, excellent ...)
2) size (big, small…)
3) age (new, old…)
5) origin (Italian, German…)
6) the material from which it is made (metal, leather ...)
7) what it is intended for (office, computer ...)
For instance:
Words that have a special place in a sentence.
If the sentence contains the words:
Showing the frequency of the action (often, never, sometimes, always…)
Then these words must be placed before the semantic verb or after the verb to be or, in the case of a compound verb, after the first verb. For instance:
He often goes to the gym.
He often goes to the gym.
He is often tired after work.
He is often tired after work(be tired - to be tired)
You must never do it again.
You will never do this again.
Word order in negative and interrogative English sentences.
I talked about affirmative sentences. Everything is simple with them. But in order to somehow speak English, you need to be able to build negative statements and ask questions. In a negative English sentence, the word order is almost the same, but the questions are built according to a slightly different pattern.
Here is a picture showing all three types of sentences:
