Early option oge in society

In order to provide graduates with an additional opportunity to prepare for the unified state exam in social studies, at the beginning of May, the FIPI website publishes one version of the CMM used for the USE in the early period of 2018.

Early period of the exam in 2018, it runs from March 21 to April 11, the main one - from May 28 to July 2.

Early version of the Unified State Exam 2018 in social studies

Social Studies is the most popular choice of graduates. The demand for exam results for admission to various specialties of social, humanitarian and pedagogical profiles is due to the fact that the exam includes testing the foundations of socio-philosophical, economic, sociological and legal knowledge.

The exam provides high requirements to the level of preparation of graduates: minimum score, below which universities cannot set the passing threshold for applicants, is 42 test points. For execution examination work 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes) are allotted. Additional materials to take the exam is not allowed.

The control measuring materials of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies test the knowledge of five thematic modules of the social science course: man and society, including cognition and spiritual culture; economics, social relations; politics; right.

Part 1 contains 20 tasks with a short answer. Tasks 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 are tasks for choosing and recording several correct answers from the proposed list. In tasks 5, 8, 14, 18, you need to establish the correspondence of the positions presented in the two sets. Also, this part of the work includes task 1 to identify the structural elements of concepts using tables and task 20 to define terms and concepts that correspond to the proposed context. The work also includes tasks for choosing a generalizing concept for all other concepts presented in the list (task 2), a task for correlating species concepts with generic ones (task 3); tasks for the analysis of information presented in the form of a graph (task 10) and a diagram / table (task 12).

Task 14 in all examination options tests the knowledge of organs state power Russian Federation and the federal structure of Russia, and task 16 - knowledge of the fundamentals of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, human and civil rights and freedoms.

Among the most "offensive" are errors when performing tasks 1 and 2, associated with a lack of understanding of the requirements of the task, including the form of recording the answer. The answer to each of these tasks is a word or phrase written in the corresponding answer line. We emphasize that, in principle, the correct answer to task 1 cannot be words from the given definition / characteristic / feature, etc. In task 2, you need to find the correct answer among the given concepts and write it down in the answer line exactly as it is given in the task; you do not need to invent some other word.

There are some general rules, which are advisable to observe when performing tasks with a detailed answer. First of all, it is necessary to read the condition of the task and clearly understand the essence of the requirement, which indicates the evaluated elements of the response. At the same time, it is important to pay attention not only to what needs to be named (indicate, formulate, etc.): signs, (features, arguments, examples, etc.), but also to determine how many of these elements should be given ( one, two, three, etc.). This is required in order to get the maximum score without doing unnecessary work (when, instead of three elements, the graduate leads, five or six). The fact is that there is a dependence of points on the completeness of the correct answer. The answer may be correct, but incomplete. In this case, it will be impossible to get the maximum score.

An independent decision on the early version of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies will summarize the preparation for the exam, give an idea of ​​the level of complexity and the number of tasks.

“The misfortunes that are anticipated almost always happen,” the American actress Sharon Stone once said. The closer to the main period passing the exam 2015, the more nervous the atmosphere was, the more the graduates wanted to know. We invite you to solve together the only one available today version of the exam 2015, and ... be calmer!

So, on May 15, together with the subscribers of our group, we tried to calm ourselves down and determine the level of difficulty of the upcoming main exam of the 2015 USE campaign in social studies. An early version of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies 2015 from which we will solve several tasks.

About our group

I must say that the popularity of the group and the activity of its members cannot but rejoice! About 5,500 people have already subscribed to its materials, about 300 people regularly participate in classes, answer questions, and discuss assignments.

Of course, not without nuances, traditional "rassian" lack of culture, everything is happening. Even experienced teachers have nerves. However, we are traditionally ready for a public discussion and even thank some of the characters for such a truly “hot” interest in our work. For, remember the Chinese wisdom: "" Do not be afraid of friends - in the worst case, they can betray you. Do not be afraid of enemies - in the worst case, they can kill you. Fear the indifferent because it is with their tacit consent that all the lowest crimes are committed on earth. "

Early Unified State Exam in Social Studies 2015

We will highlight the correct answers in red, but you yourself will see that most of the group members solve the tasks of the test part (part 1) correctly.

One of the factors of globalization is the formation of transnational corporations (TNCs), spreading their activities throughout the world. This is the process of forming a single world economic space, in short.

Everything else is a theoretical level of knowledge.

Both options are correct. A simple question about the individual - individuality - personality chain.

The question caused controversy, see, for example, the discussion in the topic questions and wishes https://vk.com/topic-64177554_29168443?post=913 our group. In my opinion, answer 46 as for a "non-standard" by definition, free from dogmas of elite culture 1) setting to follow the pattern shouldn't be peculiar.

The overwhelming number of questions was correctly answered by 80-85% of our subscribers who took part in the lesson.

Here the answer is numerical sequence 236. Further questions of the block “ Social relationships". Simple enough.

For attentiveness, in option A. Question for the diagram, for the ability to read information presented in a different sign system.

Answer 125. Some of our subscribers have asked for additional explanations.

Questions of the "Politics" block. Knowledge to begin with.

The main thing here is to understand the key term for the term. But the next question about the types and differences between electoral (electoral) systems gave less than half of the correct answers. The traditional "stumbling block" for graduates in the Unified State Exam in social studies.

Therefore, some clarifications:

The next question is to understand the difference between the three distinctive features - and again there is confusion in the heads of graduates who are less than a month away!

Also a question for attentiveness. Thank you for your help and participation in the lesson to our active colleagues!

The main thing here is to choose exactly POLITICAL and freedom. Then the tasks went more difficult, but they were mostly solved by the guys correctly.

The rule of law is a state that sets as its main task the protection of human rights and freedoms guaranteed by it. The main features: the rule of law, the inviolability of human rights and freedoms,

And clarification from our subscribers, probably these tasks on the forms of organization will be adjusted in the USE 2016.

The inquisitiveness of the guys cannot but rejoice here! And the final task of the test part of the KIM USE 2015 in social studies 27. Let's look at the text in which you need to insert the missing words and phrases. It

As always, we solve such tasks by writing them into the text for the convenience of checking ourselves.

And our answer is a numerical sequence 769854.

This is how we solve Part 1 of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies in the online classroom in our group

Option No. 3644375

Unified State Exam - 2018. An early wave

When completing tasks with a short answer, write in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, word, sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. Separate the fractional part from the whole decimal point. You do not need to write the measurement units. Answers to tasks 1-20 are a number, or a sequence of numbers, or a word (phrase). Write your answers without spaces, commas, or other additional characters. By completing task 29, you can show your knowledge and skills on the content that is more attractive to you. For this purpose, select only one of the suggested statements (29.1-29.5).

If the variant is set by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to the tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of the assignments with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the uploaded answers to the assignments with a detailed answer. The points given by the teacher will appear in your statistics.

Write down the word that is missing in the table.

Variety of political parties

Answer:

In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing to all the other concepts presented. Write this phrase down.

Unitary enterprise, production cooperative, entity, limited partnership, joint stock company.

Answer:

Below is a list of functions performed by banks. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the sphere of activity of commercial banks.

1) opening and servicing of plastic cards; 2) buying and selling currency; 3) sale of traveller's checks; 4) service of company accounts; 5) discount rate assignment; 6) issue of money.

Find two terms "falling out" of the general row, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

Answer:

Choose the correct judgments about social institutions and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) A social institution is a historically established organization of social practice.

2) The structure of a modern social institution, as a rule, is characterized by simplicity of relations.

3) Some social institutions can act as agents of socialization.

4) The market economy and property are traditionally referred to as political institutions of society.

5) Social institutions streamline, coordinate individual actions of people, give them an organized and predictable character.

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between needs and their types: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Answer:

The State Symphony Orchestra performed the symphony of a contemporary composer for the first time. Critics unanimously praised the piece of music as an example of elite (high) culture. What allowed them to make such a conclusion? Write down the numbers under which the signs of works of elite culture are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) the use of technical means for listening

2) entertaining nature of the work

3) lack of a pronounced commercial orientation of the composer and performers

4) setting to follow the pattern, which is adopted from previous generations

5) excessive complexity of the form of a piece of music

6) the difficulty of perceiving the work by unprepared listeners

Answer:

Choose the correct judgments about the global economy and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) The opening of domestic markets to foreign manufacturers contributes to increased competition between market participants.

2) The sale of goods and services abroad is called import.

3) The subjects of the world economy are national economies, transnational corporations, international integration associations.

4) The opening of domestic markets to foreign producers helps to reduce the income of all trading firms.

5) Trade balance is understood as the difference between the value of exports and imports for a certain period.

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between examples and types of taxes and fees in accordance with the Tax Code of the Russian Federation: for each item given in the first column, select the corresponding item from the second column.

Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

Answer:

The company provides services for indoor and outdoor cleaning of premises. Find examples of the firm's fixed costs in the short run from the list below. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) office security fee

2) purchase of detergents

3) payment for transport services

4) piecework payment wages workers

5) servicing a bank loan

6) rent for the office of the company

Answer:

Answer:

Choose the correct judgments about social norms and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) Social norms are the rules of behavior established in society that regulate relations between people, social life.

2) Any organization can establish the rule of law.

3) Customs differ from other types of social norms in that they always express people's ideas about good and bad, about good and evil.

4) Social norms are designed to facilitate the integration of the individual into society.

5) Social norms are one of the elements of social control.

Answer:

In the course of sociological surveys of adult citizens of country Z, they were asked to express their opinion on the social support of citizens from the state.

Find in the list below the conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) In 2007, the share of those who believe that the state should ensure a normal level of well-being for all citizens is higher than those who believe that the state should only provide assistance to those who find themselves in difficult life situations.

2) Equal shares of respondents in both groups found it difficult to answer.

3) In 2007, an equal share of the respondents answered that a citizen should provide himself with everything he needs, and found it difficult to answer.

4) In 2017, the share of those who believe that a citizen should provide himself with everything he needs is greater than the share of those who believe that the state should ensure a normal level of well-being for all citizens.

5) The share of those who believe that the state should only help those who are unable to provide for themselves on their own has decreased in 10 years.

Answer:

Choose the correct judgments about the state and its functions and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) The external functions of the state include the determination of the general direction of the state's economic policy in accordance with the achieved level of economic development.

2) Environmental requirements established by the state form the basis of the country's environmental safety.

3) The state creates a regulatory and organizational basis for effective and high-quality activities of state bodies.

4) The state of any type has a monopoly on lawmaking and taxation of individuals and legal entities.

5) The fundamental feature of a state of any type is the implementation of the principle of separation of powers in it.

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between the powers and the subjects of state power of the Russian Federation exercising these powers: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

Answer:

In State Z, the electoral system was reformed. What changes in the electoral legislation indicate the approval of the proportional electoral system? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) the introduction of universal, equal and direct suffrage

2) move reflection election campaign in the media

3) the introduction of an educational qualification for candidates for deputies

4) the distribution of seats in parliament in accordance with the number of votes received by the parties in the elections

6) the introduction of a 7% electoral barrier for political parties

Answer:

Which of the following relates to the constitutional obligations of a citizen of the Russian Federation? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) engaging in entrepreneurial activity

2) defense of the Fatherland

3) care of adult able-bodied children for disabled parents

4) preservation of historical and cultural heritage

5) appeal to public authorities

Answer:

Choose the correct judgments about civil law. Write down the numbers below which the relevant provisions are indicated.

Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) Civil law includes a system legal regulations determining criminality and punishability of acts.

2) The relationship between partners is based on the private interest and autonomous will of each participant in the legal relationship that has arisen.

3) The norms of civil law regulate property and personal non-property relations.

4) Civil law relations arising in connection with the creation and use of works of science, literature, art, etc., are regulated by copyright.

5) To methods of protection civil rights, established by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, include a warning, disqualification.

Answer:

Establish a correspondence between examples and reasons for termination employment contract in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

Answer:

Leonid Vasilievich works as a notary. Find in the list the actions that are within the terms of reference of the notary, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. Indicate the numbers in ascending order.

1) investigate crimes

2) make copies of documents and make extracts from them

3) give explanations on the performance of actions that are in his competence

4) represent and defend the interests of the principal in court

5) supervise the implementation of laws by the bodies carrying out inquiry and preliminary investigation

6) certify the marriage contract

Answer:

Read the text below where a number of words are missing. Select from the provided list the words to be inserted in place of the blanks.

“According to the classical definition, ________ (A) is a community of people based on marriage and (or) consanguinity, joint conduct of ________ (B), moral mutual responsibility and spiritual attachment. It performs a whole range of functions, most important for the existence of society: ________ (B) people; transmission from generation to generation of the most important social ________ (D), attitudes, knowledge. Its main functions also include the organization of the household. The family carries out social ________ (D). Family members provide each other with emotional support. The basis of the nuclear family is ________ (E) - a form of relationship between a man and a woman, sanctioned and regulated by the state, which determines their rights and obligations. "

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word can only be used once.

Choose one word after another in sequence, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you need to fill in the blanks.

List of terms:

The following table lists the letters that represent the missing words. Write down in the table under each letter the number of the word you have chosen.

Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

Answer:

What changes in the social structure at the micro level are noted in the text? What example of excessive social mobility does the author give? What indicators, in his opinion, do not affect a person's position in a democratic society? (Name any two metrics.)

B.A. Isaev

Based on social science knowledge, explain the meaning of the concept of "vertical social mobility". What conditions, according to the author, affect the intensity of social mobility? (Name any three conditions.) What social mechanism, in his opinion, constrains social mobility in a democratic society?

In the process of development of a society, its social structure does not remain unchanged. At the micro level, relationships, social ties, the composition of groups, statuses and roles, and relations between groups change. At the macro level, the quantitative composition of the lower and middle strata is changed by the economic situation and political decisions of the authorities, legal and moral norms.

In addition, each person strives to improve his status. All this creates not a frozen, not static, but a dynamic picture of society. Social mobility is one of the processes of social dynamics. The intensity of social mobility depends on the level of development of society, economic conditions, democratic relations, and the standard of living of the population.

Postindustrial society is characterized by intense vertical mobility. In a democratic society, where the position of a person does not depend on his prescribed status, nationality, religion, channels of vertical mobility are open, and everyone who meets certain requirements has the opportunity to improve his social status.

According to P. Sorokin, in a democratic society "there are many holes and elevators for ascent and descent ..." Excessive social mobility, for example big number people from the lower strata in management structures, speaks of some kind of abnormality, social cataclysm (revolution, war, epidemic that destroyed many representatives of the upper strata at once).

In a democratic society, where there are no social, national and other restrictions, nevertheless, there is a certain social mechanism that restrains mobility ... This is a mechanism of competition, which manifests itself not only in the economic struggle, but also in any struggle to raise social status.

B.A. Isaev

Solutions for items with a detailed answer are not automatically checked.
On the next page, you will be asked to test them yourself.

Based on social science knowledge and facts of social life, name and illustrate with examples any three "elevators for ascent and descent." (Call the social elevator first, then bring

corresponding example.) (Each example should be formulated in length.)

In the process of development of a society, its social structure does not remain unchanged. At the micro level, relationships, social ties, the composition of groups, statuses and roles, and relations between groups change. At the macro level, the quantitative composition of the lower and middle strata is changed by the economic situation and political decisions of the authorities, legal and moral norms.

In addition, each person strives to improve his status. All this creates not a frozen, not static, but a dynamic picture of society. Social mobility is one of the processes of social dynamics. The intensity of social mobility depends on the level of development of society, economic conditions, democratic relations, and the standard of living of the population.

Postindustrial society is characterized by intense vertical mobility. In a democratic society, where the position of a person does not depend on his prescribed status, nationality, religion, channels of vertical mobility are open, and everyone who meets certain requirements has the opportunity to improve his social status.

According to P. Sorokin, in a democratic society "there are many holes and lifts for ascent and descent ..." , which destroyed many representatives of the upper strata at once).

In a democratic society, where there are no social, national and other restrictions, nevertheless, there is a certain social mechanism that restrains mobility ... This is a mechanism of competition, which manifests itself not only in the economic struggle, but also in any struggle to raise social status.

In addition, each person strives to improve his status. All this creates not a frozen, not static, but a dynamic picture of society. Social mobility is one of the processes of social dynamics. The intensity of social mobility depends on the level of development of society, economic conditions, democratic relations, and the standard of living of the population.

Postindustrial society is characterized by intense vertical mobility. In a democratic society, where the position of a person does not depend on his prescribed status, nationality, religion, channels of vertical mobility are open, and everyone who meets certain requirements has the opportunity to improve his social status.

According to P. Sorokin, in a democratic society "there are many holes and lifts for ascent and descent ..." , which destroyed many representatives of the upper strata at once).

On the next page, you will be asked to test them yourself.

In State Z, legislative power is exercised by parliament, and a popularly elected head of state forms the government and heads the executive branch. Citizens have full rights and freedoms,

developed civil society institutions. State Z includes eight territories that have a certain political and legal independence and the right to adopt their own constitutions that do not contradict the fundamental law of the country. What is the form of the state (territorial) structure of state Z? Indicate the fact on the condition of the problem, on the basis of which you established it.

Name any two signs of this form of state (territorial) structure that are not named in the problem statement.

Choose one of the statements below and write a mini-essay based on it.

Indicate, at your discretion, one or several main ideas of the topic touched upon by the author and reveal it (them). When disclosing the main idea (s) indicated by you in your reasoning and conclusions, use social science knowledge (relevant concepts, theoretical positions), illustrating them with facts and examples from public life and personal social experience, examples from other educational items.

To illustrate the theoretical provisions, reasoning and conclusions formulated by you, give at least two facts / examples from various sources. Each cited fact / example should be formulated in detail and clearly associated with the illustrated position, reasoning, conclusion.

29.1 Philosophy:"Progress indicates only the direction of movement, and it does not care what awaits at the end of this path - good or bad." (J. Heizinga)

29.2 Economy: « Entrepreneurial activity serves the interests of not only the individual, but also the society as a whole ”. (S.N. Kanareikin)

29.3 Sociology, social psychology:"True patriotism as a private manifestation of love for humanity does not coexist with hostility towards individual nations." (N.A. Dobrolyubov)

29.4 Political science:"The ruler must not only want and decide, but systematically lead others to a consensual desire or decision." (I.A.Ilyin)

29.5 Jurisprudence:"Laws are the finest invention of reason, but by providing peace to the peoples, they diminish their freedom." (L. Vovenargue)

Solutions for items with a detailed answer are not automatically checked.
On the next page, you will be asked to test them yourself.

Finish testing, check answers, see solutions.

How to correctly write a mini-essay (essay) for the 2018 USE in social studies? I propose to analyze a real essay written on an early exam in Moscow and determine the right direction, taking into account the changed criteria USE grades 2018 social studies essays.

Early Unified State Exam 2018 Social Studies

“The early period of the Unified State Exam in 2018 is taking place as usual. There were no failures or leaks of examination materials at exams in social studies and literature, ”said Sergei Kravtsov, Deputy Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation - Head of the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science.

Took an early exam in social studies nearly 19,000 graduates. From innovations and continuation of technical traditions:

1. All PPEs used the technology of printing examination materials,
2. scanning of participants' works,
3. online video surveillance was conducted.

Criteria for checking essays for the exam-2018: questions?

Yes, indeed, very serious questions were raised this year by the mini-essays published in the revised verification criteria.

Let's turn to them and think about some of the nuances on which, it would seem, a lot depends.

Here, it would seem, compared with the word PROBLEM(something controversial, by default), and a request to FIND SEVERAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM AS POSSIBLE (that is, to discuss in an essay with yourself) -

And now - the IDEA (this is just the main idea, again, by default). As we will see today, judging by the verification of the essay we found from the early USE on April 4, the FIPI does not see a particular difference between these concepts and the meanings behind them ... The question arises, was it worthwhile then to fence such a garden? After all, if in Moscow the quality of the check is the same and quite even and understandable, then for the whole boundless country, it will turn out to be absolutely different, at the level, who understood how ... Somewhere, not seeing the word IDEA, they will put 0 in general, somewhere they will remove it for theory. And again

Indirectly, the same opinion that there is no difference, we were confirmed by a fairly authoritative expert, the author of many collections of preparation for the exam in history and social studies, candidate of historical sciences, Roman Viktorovich Pazin:

For an accurate credit for Key Criterion 1 (remember, if it is not credited, the entire essay is not rated as well), we recommend, nevertheless, to follow the requirements of the demo version exactly! That is, thoroughly write down both the meaning of the author's statement and the IDEA, using this word. Then there should be no unnecessary questions during the check.

For example:

29.2 "The word" crisis ", written in Chinese, consists of two characters" odin means "danger", the other means opportunity "(JF Kennedy).

In his remarks, US President Kennedy expresses ideas about the economic situation called the "crisis". We see ideas ambiguity of this situation for the economy, opportunities for economic development even in a difficult crisis situation.

Thus, meaning of the statement in the fact that, on the one hand, the crisis in the economy upsets the existing balance in the market, disrupts the usual ties between producers, sellers and buyers. But, on the other hand, it is an opportunity, "pushing off from the bottom", to which the country's economy "sank", to start a new stage of its development. Taking into account the old mistakes, make a new leap forward.

29.4 "Democracy is the worst form of government, with the exception of all others" (W. Churchill).

The meaning of the statement Great British politician, Nobel Prize winner Winston Churchill, I see that democracy, as a political regime, has serious shortcomings. But, the rest of the modes have even more of them! The main ideas of this thought are - the advantages of democracy in comparison with other political regimes, the need to overcome the shortcomings that a democratic regime carries.

I fully agree with the outstanding figure of the twentieth century, the winner of world fascism, since recent events in the world and in Ukraine show how destructive a misunderstanding of democracy and the application of its values ​​in life can be.

Other questions - to what extent should the theory block be written out according to criterion 2?

The situation with Criterion 4 is more complicated. What is the argument to consider formulated in detail?

In the essay we are analyzing, we will see both an ideally developed argument and a SPOILER (not ideal). What to count as misunderstanding of the material used?

Having asked all these questions, we will try to answer them by applying real work with a real exam!

USE 2018 social studies essays

Here is the complete essay:

Let's immediately look at the fulfillment of the criteria in this essay. Note that the graduate simply fulfills the criteria, the essay can be called "stereotyped", there is no particular imagination. So, criterion 1 is key.

Just a problem, the old fashioned way. Neither the meaning of the statement, nor the idea. What's in criterion 2?

We see that only one term is revealed -