Flushing the urinary catheter. Bladder lavage Bladder lavage

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Indications for flushing

• patients suffering from inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract;
• people who are unable to defecate on their own;
• in the presence of damage to the mucous membrane of the bladder;
• before cystoscopy;
• to eliminate stagnation that were caused by stones in the cavity of the organ, neoplasms;
• before the introduction of drugs into it;
• to remove blood from the cavity before the examination;
• in order to determine the capacity of the organ;
• after prolonged use of medications that negatively affected the mucous membranes of the urinary system.

Contraindications to the procedure

Flushing is prohibited for patients with the following problems:

• trauma to the urethra;
• acute inflammatory processes of the urethra;
• sexually transmitted diseases;
• damage to the sphincter of the bladder.

Congestion and inflammatory diseases in this organ can appear not only due to diseases of the urinary system, but also due to other infectious ailments (flu, sinusitis, E. coli, staphylococcus aureus). In this case, bacteria enter the cavity of the organ along with the blood. In addition, the bladder is directly connected to the gastrointestinal tract, so cystitis can be a consequence of intestinal inflammation. Other causes of cystitis are infectious diseases of the genital organs and hypothermia.

Preparation for the procedure

Such complex medical manipulation should be performed only by specialists in a hospital setting. It is not recommended to do rinsing at home because:

1. Self-medication is always dangerous to health. First, you need to consult with a doctor who will accurately diagnose, because it may well turn out that in case of a disease found in a patient, this procedure is contraindicated.
2. In a hospital, washing is carried out under absolutely sterile conditions; at home, the risk of infection is much higher.
3. In women, the urethra is short and wide, so the tube can be inserted easily. In men, the urethra is not only long, but also has several constrictions. Not knowing all the nuances of this manipulation, you can injure the urinary system.
4. If the proportions of the solution to be washed are incorrectly selected, then a burn of the mucous membrane may occur.

Before carrying out this process, you need to prepare all the necessary tools and accessories. For this you will need:

• furacilin solution;
• tray;
• oilcloth;
• a suitable Foley catheter;
• gloves, napkins, cotton wool;
• antiseptic solution, which must be heated to body temperature;
• syringe.

At the initial stage, the volume of the bladder is determined. To do this, simply measure the amount of urine that was discharged during one urination.

Procedure technique

There are several washing techniques:

Through a cystostomy. This is a tube that is inserted into the bladder cavity through an opening in the abdomen.

Indications for its installation:

• acute phase of prostatitis;
• the presence of benign formations of the prostate gland;
• urethral injury;
• if surgical interventions were performed that touched the urethra;
• postpartum complications in women.

The algorithm for washing the bladder if a person has a cystostomy is as follows: it is placed on the back, an oilcloth and a diaper are placed around the stoma or under the patient, and a tray is placed to collect the outgoing fluid. Then the specialist, using a syringe, slowly injects a warm antiseptic solution (150-200 ml) into the tube, takes out the syringe and drains the rinsing water. The procedure is repeated until the outflowing liquid becomes clear. Next, a urine collection bag is attached to the tube, which is tied to the patient's thigh or to the bed.

Foley catheter. Catheterization is a procedure in which a catheter is inserted into the bladder to drain urine, flush, or administer medication.

The algorithm for flushing through the catheter is as follows:

• the patient should be laid on his back, the pelvis should be raised, and the legs should be bent at the knees and spread apart;
• flush the bladder catheter with Furacilin solution and slowly introduce it into the urethra until the first drops of urine appear;
• remove all urine and attach a syringe;
• introduce a solution, the amount of which is equal to the volume of the bubble;
• the liquid is stopped infusing when the patient has a desire to free this organ;
• the syringe is disconnected and urine is withdrawn. Washing is done until the resulting solution becomes clear;
• then the person is allowed to rest for 30 minutes while lying down.

Making washing for a man is a little more difficult. The procedure is carried out in a standing position. The head of the penis must first be treated with an antiseptic. Then, petroleum jelly is applied to the end of the catheter. With his left hand, the specialist holds the penis forward, and with his right hand, carefully inserts the tube using tweezers. When he gets to the place where the urinary tract narrows, the man must take several deep breaths. The muscles in the penis will relax and the tube will more easily pass through this area. If spasms occur, further administration must be temporarily suspended. When the tension subsides, the procedure is continued until the first drops of urine appear.

A solution is slowly injected into the free end of the catheter with a syringe, then the syringe is removed and Esmarch's mug is substituted. Rinsing is carried out until a clear liquid appears. Sometimes a metal catheter is used for this procedure in men. It is used in the presence of pathological changes in the urethra (prostate adenoma, etc.).

If the patient is discharged home with a catheterized bladder, then the patient or his relatives should definitely look after the catheter.

Flush the urinary catheter daily. To do this, use a syringe with a volume of 50 or 100 ml, the tube is disconnected from the urine bag and the end is treated with an antiseptic, the syringe is inserted and the solution is slowly injected. Then it is taken out and the liquid is allowed to drain. If necessary, these steps are repeated several times.

Drugs

For flushing, doctors widely use the following drugs:

When preparing solutions from these drugs, it is necessary to strictly observe the proportions indicated in the instructions for use. Otherwise, a burn of the bladder will also be added to the existing problems of the urinary system.

In addition, distilled water, a solution of Penicillin, Furacilin, nitric silver and boric acid can be used for washing.

Possible complications

After the operation, in which a cystostomy was installed, a number of complications may appear:

• the occurrence of allergic reactions to the material from which the tube was made;
• the appearance of inflammatory and purulent processes at the incision site;
• intestinal trauma;
• infection of the bladder.

Complications after catheterization:

1. The formation of a false course with perforation of the urethral wall. If a rigid catheter is used for the procedure and during it sharp and rough movements are made, then a false path may appear in the urethra. The patient will have severe pain in the penis and bleeding will open.
2. Violation of renal excretory function (uremia, anuria).
3. Inflammation of the epididymis. As a rule, it arises from a violation of sterility and penetration of infection during washing. In severe cases, it can lead to suppuration and septicemia (infection of the blood with pyogenic organisms).
4. Urethral fever is a serious complication that occurs due to the entry of pathogenic bacteria into the bloodstream through damage in the urinary tract. The patient begins to chill, sweating increases, the general condition of the body worsens. To prevent fever in people with a urinary tract infection, doctors give them a course of antibiotics before catheterization.
5. If the patient has stones in the bladder, then they can damage the mucous membrane during the movement of fluid.
6. Burns of the mucous membrane. May occur due to improper preparation of the antiseptic solution.

Bladder lavage is a procedure that can significantly improve the patient's condition. But it is only an addition to the main therapy, the tactics of which depends on the disease. If you do not start treatment in time, for example, cystitis, then the infection can penetrate the kidneys and cause inflammation, congestion, renal failure and other equally dangerous pathologies. Therefore, when the first symptoms of diseases of the urinary system appear, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor, because any ailment is always easier to cure at an early stage.

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How to flush your bladder catheter

How to properly flush your urinary catheter

How to flush the bladder catheter, this question worries the relatives of the patient who has an indwelling urinary catheter installed due to the inability to independently control the urination process or acute urinary retention. If the catheter is installed for a long time, a urine collection bag is connected to it, in which urine is collected.

What tools can be used

In a healthcare facility, the urinary catheter is flushed by the medical staff. However, very often situations are possible when a patient is discharged home with a catheterized bladder, and the patient or his relatives must take care of him.

The catheter should be flushed periodically to avoid the accumulation of salts and other urine sediments. This will prevent blockage and reduce the risk of a bacterial infection entering the bladder.

Washing should be done daily. For this, you can use normal saline, only slightly warmed up. This will avoid discomfort during the procedure.

If you experience discomfort in the bladder, flakes, sediment and turbidity in the excreted urine, you should use other means for washing the tubes:

• furacilin solution;
• 3% boric acid;
• dioxidine at a dilution of 1:40;
• miramistin;
• 2% chlorhexidine solution, etc.

Rinsing with furacilin is carried out with a ready-made solution, which can be purchased at the pharmacy. As a last resort, you can prepare it yourself from tablets. To do this, crush 2 furacilin tablets and dilute them in 400 ml of water. To get rid of small crystals, the product should be filtered through several layers of gauze and only then used.

Step by step action plan

All procedures and manipulations must be carried out with clean, treated hands. First of all, they need to be washed well with soap and water and treated with any antiseptic. It is best to use sterile medical gloves for this.

For washing, use a 50 or 100 ml syringe (Janet's syringe). Often, in addition to rinsing the tube itself, you may need to irrigate the bladder with medications and antiseptics. Since not everyone has the opportunity to use a sterile syringe every time, it should be rinsed with boiling water before each use. And after use, soak in a disinfectant solution according to the instructions for use.

To flush the tube, disconnect it from the drainage bag and treat the end with an antiseptic solution. The cannula of the syringe is inserted into the inlet and the liquid is slowly injected. It is better to make a short pause for a few seconds after the injection of every 2-3 ml of liquid. In no case should the solution be fed quickly, strongly or under pressure. This must be done carefully and will stop at the slightest sign of resistance.

After the introduction of the liquid, the syringe should be disconnected from the tube. This will allow the solution to spontaneously flow out into the prepared tray. The procedure can be repeated several times if necessary. After that, you need to close the valve or connect the urine bag.

The rinsed catheter does not need to be attached to a dirty urine bag. It should also be treated with antiseptic or disinfectants. With proper handling of the bladder catheter tube, the risk of ascending infection is minimized.

Therefore, you need to carefully consider all the recommendations for the care of the catheter in order to prevent the occurrence of inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

Bladder flushing technique: what and how to flush?

Bladder lavage is necessary to treat diseases of the urinary system.

This procedure leads to rapid healing of damaged tissues, and therefore to the patient's recovery. How and with what the bladder is flushed, we will consider further.

When done - indications

The indications for the procedure are:

• Inflammation of organ tissue.
• Urolithiasis disease.
• Stagnant urine.
• BPH.
• Incorrect flow of urine.
• Cystitis.
• Infectious diseases of the urinary system.
• Before cystoscopy.
• With prolonged use of drugs that cause pathology of the bladder.

What and how is it washed?

The flushing technique differs depending on the equipment and medication used.

Through a catheter

The following medications are used to flush through the catheter:

Technique of the procedure:

First, the patient is placed on a couch. He should bend his knees and spread them. The doctor treats the external genitals with an antiseptic.

Then a catheter is taken, which is pre-washed in a Furacilin solution. It is gently inserted into the urethra. When it reaches the bladder, urine will be secreted. The specialist waits for all the urine to come out.

Next, a syringe filled with medication is attached to the catheter. The drug enters the bladder through a catheter. The amount of the medicinal solution may vary. It all depends on the volume of the patient's bladder. As a rule, 200 ml of solution is sufficient.

It is introduced gradually over several minutes. The medication is stopped when the bladder fills and the patient says he wants to empty. Disconnect the syringe and allow urine to pass through the catheter.

The urine is dark or impure. The procedure for administering the drug is repeated 8-10 more times until the urine becomes clear.

The procedure ends with the introduction of a small amount of medication so that the bladder is not completely filled. The catheter is gently removed from the bladder through the urethra.

The external genitals are again treated with an antiseptic. The patient is required to lie down for 20 minutes for maximum effectiveness, then he is allowed to get up and get dressed. The procedure is considered complete.

Through a cystostomy

The following medicines are used for washing:

It is more difficult to flush with this method, since first it is necessary to carry out an operation to install the tip of the cystostomy into the bladder. How they do it:

1. The area of \u200b\u200bskin just above the pubis is treated with an antiseptic, then a 2 cm incision is made, which is necessary for the introduction of a cystostomy.
2. The outlet is secured with surgical stitches.
3. A urine bag is attached to the end of the outlet tube.
4. Then the wound is again treated with an antiseptic, and the top is closed with a sterile napkin.

The operation takes minutes, it is performed under anesthesia.

Only when a cystostomy is installed are lavages performed.

People visit the hospital every three days to perform the washing procedure. Her technique is as follows:

1. The patient is placed on a couch, it is recommended to relax as much as possible, not to be nervous.
2. The urine bag is disconnected from the cystostomy.
3. A syringe with a medicine is connected to the exit of the cystostomy. It is introduced gradually, in small doses of about 200 ml.
4. After the introduction of the drug, after 1-2 minutes, the liquid is poured into a special container. It is enough for the patient to lie down slightly on his side, the liquid comes out excellently.
5. The administration of the drug and the withdrawal are repeated 8-10 times until the flowing liquid becomes clear.
6. After washing, a urine collection bag is connected to the cystostomy, a sterile bandage is again applied on top.

The patient can lie down for 5 minutes, then stand up. The procedure is now complete.

How to flush your bladder at home?

For the procedure at home, medicines are used:

Before using the medicine, it must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1000.

You cannot use alcohol for washing, since in addition to alcohol, it contains various additives that can damage the tissues of the bladder.

Inflammatory processes can only get worse, so it's better not to risk it.

To flush correctly, you will need: Janet's syringe, a catheter, a container into which the secreted fluid will enter. It is desirable that the catheter is rubber. Flush the bladder according to the instructions:

1. The patient lies on his back, widely spreads his legs and bends them at the knees.
2. The external genitals must be treated with an antiseptic so as not to infect.
3. The rubber catheter is inserted very gently into the urethra. It is advanced slowly and carefully into the bladder. It is necessary to stop the introduction when urine is released. It should come out completely. It is strictly forbidden to pull the catheter, abruptly withdraw it. Careless action can lead to bladder injury.
4. Next, a diluted medicinal solution is drawn into the syringe. It is connected to the catheter.
5. Within 2 minutes, the medicine is injected very slowly. Usually, fluid from the bladder is immediately poured back. As soon as it has completely drained out, the drug administration is repeated.

The medicine must be administered at least 8 times. By this time, the urine should be clear and clean.

It is enough to carry out such a procedure at home once every two days. Relatives should help the patient in carrying out the procedure. It is not easy to cope with this task on your own.

How do I flush my bladder tube?

It is very important to keep the tube clean so that germs do not accumulate in it and an infection does not occur.

Flush the tube immediately after use. To do this, it is necessary to dilute a special solution: mix the Furacilin solution and pure water in a ratio of 1: 5000.

Instead of Furacilin, you can use a solution of Potassium Permanganate. The proportions remain the same.

The tube is placed in a container with naminut solution, then removed, wiped with a sterile napkin. Before using the tube, you must carry out this procedure again.

It is very important that it remains sterile, as a contaminated tubing can trigger an infection.

Possible complications after the procedure

The following complications may occur in case of violation of the technology of the washing process, non-compliance with the recommendations of specialists:

Read what pyelonephritis is in our article.

Bladder lavage is an effective procedure for treating diseases of the urinary system. If the procedure is performed correctly and regularly, the probability of the patient's recovery is high.

How to install a catheter for flushing the bladder - see the video:

Urinary catheter care

When a patient has a catheter in place, a bladder infection may not always be prevented, but it can be less likely to occur. In this section, we will go into more detail on how to care for your urinary catheter. Please note that all manipulations are carried out after thorough washing of hands and preferably with gloves.

Wash the skin around the catheter twice daily with soap and water to avoid irritation and infection. Also, wash the person after each bowel movement. After washing thoroughly, lightly dry the skin. When wiping after bowel movement, washing and drying the perineum, women should move from front to back to prevent bacteria from the rectum from entering the catheter and urinary tract.

Rinse the bag with water daily. You can add a 3% solution of vinegar to the water at the rate of 1: 7. Empty the bag every 3-4 hours. Always keep the bag below the level of the bladder. Tell your doctor right away if urine starts to leak from under the catheter, if you have abdominal pain, bloating, blood or flakes in your urine. If the catheter becomes clogged or painful, it must be replaced immediately.

Never pull on the catheter. Disconnect the catheter only to flush or replace it, or empty the drainage bag.

Reasons for leaking urine: catheter too thin, balloon not inflated enough, catheter or urine collection tube kinked, catheter blockage. If the outflow of urine has ceased, the reasons may be:

• kinked catheter or drainage tube
• insufficient intake of fluid in the body (increase the amount of fluid consumed),
• the urinal is fixed too high (lower it below the level of the bladder),
• catheter blockage,
• impaired renal function (anuria) when the patient's condition worsens.

The catheter installed in the bladder can be washed by the patient himself or his family. A warm saline solution is used for rinsing. If sediment or flocs appear in the urine, flush the catheter with furacilin solution. At home, you can prepare a solution of two furacilin tablets dissolved in 400 ml of boiled water. Strain the solution through a double layer of cheesecloth. You can buy a ready-made solution at a pharmacy. Also suitable are 3% boric acid solution, dioxidine diluted in a ratio of 1:40, miramistin, 2% chlorhexidine solution. Flush the catheter with a 50 or 100 milligram syringe (Janet's syringe). Rinse the syringe with boiling water before use, and in between store in a disinfectant solution: 3% chloramine or 2% chlorhexidine. The solutions are sold at the pharmacy. Having disconnected the tube from the urine bag, treat its end from the outside with a furacilin solution or any antiseptic solution. Then draw the solution into the syringe, insert the cannula of the syringe into the opening of the tube and slowly inject the solution, starting in small portions (20-30 ml). After the introduction of portions of the solution, remove the syringe from the catheter. The solution will flow freely.

If a therapeutic effect on the mucous membrane of the bladder is required, washing can be done daily. In other cases, as needed.

How to flush the catheter

There are diseases when patients need continuous catheterization to ensure the evacuation of urine from the bladder. Sometimes the catheter must be in the bladder for several days (for example, before or after surgery). If not properly cared for, prolonged catheterization can lead to bladder or kidney infections and even sepsis. Therefore, it is important for the relatives of these patients to be able to properly care for the catheter and flush the bladder cavity. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and rub them with a cotton swab moistened with alcohol. Prepare the furacillin solution yourself or purchase a ready-made solution. Take a disposable syringe with clean hands. To begin with, tightly close the cannula opening with a sterile cotton ball or gauze napkin, and pour a little solution from the furacilin bottle into the cylinder to the level of the last mark on the syringe scale. Take the plunger and partially insert it into the cylinder, and then, holding the syringe barrel with your left hand and the plunger with your right hand, turn the filled syringe with the plunger down and gently, displacing air, insert the plunger to the liquid level. Pre-treat the catheter with furacilin, take it with the thumb and forefinger of your left hand. In your right hand, hold a syringe filled with furacilin solution. Carefully insert the syringe cannula into the catheter (if it is thinner than the cannula) or press firmly against the catheter opening (if the catheter diameter is thicker than the cannula diameter). Slowly inject the furacillin solution into the bladder cavity. Disconnect the syringe from the catheter, let the injected furacillin flow out. Repeat the procedure again. If, when flushing the catheter, the patient feels discomfort, pain or pain in the lower abdomen, it means that the long stay of the catheter has led to inflammation of the urethra. In this case, before washing with a disinfectant solution, inject 5-10 ml of 0.25-0.5% novocaine solution into the bladder (it is sold in the pharmacy as a ready-made solution in ampoules). After the introduction of novocaine, squeeze the catheter for 2-3 minutes for novocaine to take effect and only then continue rinsing. Bladder lavage is performed to mechanically remove the waste products of small stones, tissue or pus. In chronic and acute diseases of the mucous membrane of the bladder, as a therapeutic procedure, it is washed with antiseptic and medicinal products. Also, the procedure for flushing the bladder is done using a rubber catheter before the introduction of the cystoscope.

• - Esmarch's irrigator
• - catheter
• - boric acid or potassium permanganate solution

First, you need to establish the capacity of the bladder, this is done by measuring the amount of urine that was released during urination. Put the patient on his back, bend the knees and spread the hips. In this case, the pelvis should be slightly raised. It is necessary to flush the bladder with the help of an Esmarch mug, put a catheter on the rubber tube. Use a 2% boric acid solution or potassium permanganate solution in a ratio of 1: 10000 for washing. The instruments must be perfectly sterile. Carefully insert the catheter and drain the patient's urine. Connect the catheter with the rubber tube of the Esmarch mug, inject fluid into the bladder until the urge to urinate appears. Disconnect the cup from the catheter and release the injected fluid. Flush the bladder until an exceptionally clear fluid appears. Fill the bladder halfway with the prepared solution and remove the catheter. Leave the patient to lie for minutes. Typically, the number of washes is 12 to 14 times. If the catheter is not properly positioned, it can push against the wall or become clogged with mucus. This will prevent flushing fluid from flowing out of the catheter. In this case, the catheter needs to be pulled out a little or a little liquid injected to remove mucus. If the patient feels pain while injecting fluid, it means that you have injected too much fluid. Catheters are medical instruments that are hollow tubes. They are used to remove the contents of the organ, to wash the cavities, and to administer medicinal substances. Catheters can be of different lengths, they are made of different materials: metal, plastic, rubber. It is important that the instruments are sterile clean and do not cause inflammation in the cavity of the organs into which they are inserted. Most often, catheters are used in urology to ensure the outflow of urine from the bladder. For this purpose, a Pezzer catheter is used. This instrument is often used before childbirth to empty a woman's bladder. A full bladder can interfere with the normal passage of the baby through the birth canal. The Pezzer catheter is made of rubber and has an extension and 2 holes at the end. The instrument is introduced as follows. The area around the urethra is treated with a disinfectant solution. A probe is inserted into the canal so that the catheter is pulled at its end. Then the instrument is inserted into the urethra, after which the probe is removed, and the catheter straightens itself. It is necessary to insert the Pezzer catheter to a depth of 6 cm so that its end is located at a sufficient distance from the urethra and the walls of the bladder. If the instrument is inserted too deeply, its tip will touch the apex of the bladder, resulting in no urine outflow. If the catheter is not inserted deep enough, it can cause bladder hyperreflexion. Remove the Pezzer catheter by pressing on the walls of the urethra.

How to insert a subclavian catheter

In preparation for catheterization of the subclavian vein, the patient is placed on an operating table with a lowered head end by 15 grams. This is necessary to prevent air embolism. The operating field is treated 2 times with a 2% iodine solution, a sterile diaper is applied and again treated with 70% alcohol.

The patient is given local anesthesia. Then, with a needle and syringe for catheterization, a puncture of the skin is performed, by pulling on the plunger, a vacuum is created. When entering the subclavian vein, blood appears in the syringe. Then the needle is wound another 2-3 mm. Then the syringe is removed, the entrance to the needle is closed with a finger.

A guide wire is inserted through the needle, the needle is removed, and a catheter is inserted through the guide to a depth of 6-8 cm. After the guide wire is removed, the doctor controls the location of the catheter in the vein as blood flows into the syringe. The catheter is then flushed and the infusion set is connected or closed with a sterile rubber plug.

Foley catheter is intended for bladder catheterization up to 7 days. Such a procedure should only be carried out by medical professionals trained in the technique of its implementation.

Placement of the Folia catheter should be performed under sterile conditions to avoid infection of the urinary tract. The doctor or nurse must use disposable gloves and sterile instruments. The patient is placed on a couch, on his back, his legs should be divorced and bent at the hips or straightened.

Before the procedure for women, the external genitals are treated with an aqueous solution of an antiseptic. The health worker pushes the labia apart with the fingers of his left hand, and with his right hand inserts a catheter lubricated with vaseline oil or sterile glycerin into the opening of the urethra. Movements are done smoothly, effortlessly. The instrument is inserted into the bladder completely. The appearance of urine is a sign that the catheter is in the bladder. With its correct setting, the patient should not experience discomfort and pain.

Bladder catheterization in men

To remove the catheter, air is removed from the balloon through a special valve using a syringe. The instrument is removed from the urethra, the outer opening of which is then treated with aqueous solutions of an antiseptic. Next, a catheter, lubricated with vaseline oil or glycerin, is inserted in the same order as described above.

The bladder is an organ in the urinary system that stores urine and excretes it. Bladder lavage is a procedure performed for people suffering from persistent retention of urine or pus, as well as inflammation of the mucous membrane of this organ (cystitis).

Indications for flushing

• patients suffering from inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract;
• people who are unable to defecate on their own;
• in the presence of damage to the mucous membrane of the bladder;
• before cystoscopy;
• to eliminate stagnation that were caused by stones in the cavity of the organ, neoplasms;
• before the introduction of drugs into it;
• to remove blood from the cavity before the examination;
• in order to determine the capacity of the organ;
• after prolonged use of medications that negatively affected the mucous membranes of the urinary system.

Contraindications to the procedure

Flushing is prohibited for patients with the following problems:

• trauma to the urethra;
• acute inflammatory processes of the urethra;
• sexually transmitted diseases;
• damage to the sphincter of the bladder.

Congestion and inflammatory diseases in this organ can appear not only due to diseases of the urinary system, but also due to other infectious ailments (flu, sinusitis, E. coli, staphylococcus aureus). In this case, bacteria enter the cavity of the organ along with the blood. In addition, the bladder is directly connected to the gastrointestinal tract, so cystitis can be a consequence of intestinal inflammation. Other causes of cystitis are infectious diseases of the genital organs and hypothermia.

Preparation for the procedure

Such complex medical manipulation should be performed only by specialists in a hospital setting. It is not recommended to do rinsing at home because:

1. Self-medication is always dangerous to health. First, you need to consult with a doctor who will accurately diagnose, because it may well turn out that in case of a disease found in a patient, this procedure is contraindicated.
2. In a hospital, washing is carried out under absolutely sterile conditions; at home, the risk of infection is much higher.
3. In women, the urethra is short and wide, so the tube can be inserted easily. In men, the urethra is not only long, but also has several constrictions. Not knowing all the nuances of this manipulation, you can injure the urinary system.
4. If the proportions of the solution to be washed are incorrectly selected, then a burn of the mucous membrane may occur.

• furacilin solution;
• tray;
• oilcloth;
• a suitable Foley catheter;
• gloves, napkins, cotton wool;
• antiseptic solution, which must be heated to body temperature;
• syringe.

At the initial stage, the volume of the bladder is determined. To do this, simply measure the amount of urine that was discharged during one urination.

Procedure technique

There are several washing techniques:

Through a cystostomy... This is a tube that is inserted into the bladder cavity through an opening in the abdomen.

Indications for its installation:

• acute phase of prostatitis;
• the presence of benign formations of the prostate gland;
• urethral injury;
• if surgical interventions were performed that touched the urethra;
• postpartum complications in women.

The algorithm for washing the bladder if a person has a cystostomy is as follows: it is placed on the back, an oilcloth and a diaper are placed around the stoma or under the patient, and a tray is placed to collect the outgoing fluid. Then the specialist, using a syringe, slowly injects a warm antiseptic solution (150-200 ml) into the tube, takes out the syringe and drains the rinsing water. The procedure is repeated until the outflowing liquid becomes clear. Next, a urine collection bag is attached to the tube, which is tied to the patient's thigh or to the bed.

Foley catheter... Catheterization is a procedure in which a catheter is inserted into the bladder to drain urine, flush, or administer medication.

The algorithm for flushing through the catheter is as follows:

Making washing for a man is a little more difficult. The procedure is carried out in a standing position. The head of the penis must first be treated with an antiseptic. Then, petroleum jelly is applied to the end of the catheter. With his left hand, the specialist holds the penis forward, and with his right hand, carefully inserts the tube using tweezers. When he gets to the place where the urinary tract narrows, the man must take several deep breaths. The muscles in the penis will relax and the tube will more easily pass through this area. If spasms occur, further administration must be temporarily suspended. When the tension subsides, the procedure is continued until the first drops of urine appear.

A solution is slowly injected into the free end of the catheter with a syringe, then the syringe is removed and Esmarch's mug is substituted. Rinsing is carried out until a clear liquid appears. Sometimes a metal catheter is used for this procedure in men. It is used in the presence of pathological changes in the urethra (prostate adenoma, etc.).

If the patient is discharged home with a catheterized bladder, then the patient or his relatives should definitely look after the catheter.

Flush the urinary catheter daily. To do this, use a syringe with a volume of 50 or 100 ml, the tube is disconnected from the urine bag and the end is treated with an antiseptic, the syringe is inserted and the solution is slowly injected. Then it is taken out and the liquid is allowed to drain. If necessary, these steps are repeated several times.

Drugs

For flushing, doctors widely use the following drugs:

When preparing solutions from these drugs, it is necessary to strictly observe the proportions indicated in the instructions for use. Otherwise, a burn of the bladder will also be added to the existing problems of the urinary system.

In addition, distilled water, a solution of Penicillin, Furacilin, nitric silver and boric acid can be used for washing.

Possible complications

After the operation, in which a cystostomy was installed, a number of complications may appear:

• the occurrence of allergic reactions to the material from which the tube was made;
• the appearance of inflammatory and purulent processes at the incision site;
• intestinal trauma;
• infection of the bladder.

Complications after catheterization:

1. The formation of a false course with perforation of the urethral wall. If a rigid catheter is used for the procedure and during it sharp and rough movements are made, then a false path may appear in the urethra. The patient will have severe pain in the penis and bleeding will open.
2. Violation of renal excretory function (uremia, anuria).
3. Inflammation of the epididymis. As a rule, it arises from a violation of sterility and penetration of infection during washing. In severe cases, it can lead to suppuration and septicemia (infection of the blood with pyogenic organisms).
4. Urethral fever is a serious complication that occurs due to the entry of pathogenic bacteria into the bloodstream through damage in the urinary tract. The patient begins to chill, sweating increases, the general condition of the body worsens. To prevent fever in people with a urinary tract infection, doctors give them a course of antibiotics before catheterization.
5. If the patient has stones in the bladder, then they can damage the mucous membrane during the movement of fluid.
6. Burns of the mucous membrane. May occur due to improper preparation of the antiseptic solution.

Bladder lavage is a procedure that can significantly improve the patient's condition. But it is only an addition to the main therapy, the tactics of which depends on the disease. If you do not start treatment in time, for example, cystitis, then the infection can penetrate the kidneys and cause inflammation, congestion, renal failure and other equally dangerous pathologies. Therefore, when the first symptoms of diseases of the urinary system appear, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor, because any ailment is always easier to cure at an early stage.

Some diseases are accompanied by the accumulation of pus in the bladder cavity and congestion. At the same time, the patient's condition worsens, the course of the disease becomes more severe, the inflammation intensifies.

Flushing is indicated for the purpose of treatment in the following situations:

• infectious cystitis;
• in preparation for cystoscopy;
• after long-term drug treatment that affects the mucous membrane of the organ;
• to eliminate congestion caused by neoplasms, stones in the cavity or other problems.

Body washing has a good result in many situations, except for certain contraindications:

• sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea;
• damage to the urethra;
• acute inflammation.

Training

It is advisable to carry out such medical manipulations as washing the bladder in stationary conditions. This manipulation in men and women differs significantly at the stage of the introduction of the device.

In women, the urethra is relatively short (up to 10 cm) and wide enough to allow easy insertion of the catheter. In men, the urinary tract is not only long, but has several narrowings. It is difficult to insert a catheter on its own.

Before the procedure, instruments and devices for manipulation are prepared. Necessary tools for flushing the bladder:

• furacilin solution;
• tray;
• oilcloth;
• medical rubber catheter;
• sterile gloves;
• rinsing solution;
• sterile napkins, cotton wool;
• a special syringe for 200 cubes (or enema).

Note! Any liquid that will be used for the procedure must be pre-warmed to body temperature.

Simple rinsing can be done with distilled water, saline or boric acid solution. For medicinal purposes, more complex compositions are often used: a solution of furacilin, protargol or penicillin.

At the stage of preparation for the procedure, the volume of the bladder must be calculated. A calculation is made based on the amount of urine that is released during one urination. Usually the volume ranges from 200 to 300 ml.

Methodology

In a hospital setting, the procedure is carried out when the patient is located on the urological chair. The patient should lie on his back. In this case, the pelvis is raised, and the legs are bent at the knees and divorced.

Algorithm of carrying out:

1. The enema is secured in a raised state if it is used instead of a syringe.
2. The catheter is treated with a furacilin solution.
3. The patient takes the required position.
4. A catheter is inserted. This is done very slowly with rotating movements to avoid injury.
5. When urine emerges from the catheter, the advancement of the device is stopped.
6. Allow all urine to drain.
7. Either a syringe or an enema is connected to the catheter.
8. The solution is injected in small volumes, ¼ of a glass. Its total amount should correspond to the volume of the bladder.
9. When the patient has a significant urge to urinate, the fluid is stopped.
10. The catheter is disconnected from the enema or syringe and urine is allowed to flow.
11. Washing at a time is usually carried out up to 10. They must be done until the fluid leaving the catheter is clear.
12. ½ of the solution is injected through the catheter - this is the final stage.
13. The device is removed from the urethra.
14. For half an hour, the patient does not change his body position, remaining lying.

The duration of the washing course can be up to two weeks, depending on the doctor's prescription. Treatments can be daily or every other day.

Possible complications

The procedure causes unpleasant discomfort, but if persistent pain is felt, the procedure was performed incorrectly. In this case, the solution is stopped and allowed to flow out.

Important! Particular attention should be paid to asepsis, especially when rinsing is done at home.

Complications that may arise include:

Home rinsing: pros and cons

Medical and preventive measures should be carried out only as prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication is hazardous to health.

Independent manipulation can lead to mechanical damage and other dangerous situations if, for example, the proportions of the solution are selected incorrectly. It should also be borne in mind that the procedure is more difficult for men than for women.

Note! In the absence of experience with such manipulations, the likelihood of injury increases at home.

Procedure in a medical facility

Bladder lavage is a serious medical measure that should be carried out only by a highly qualified specialist, since with a poor-quality approach to this procedure, the patient can get a burn of the mucous membrane and mechanical damage to the organs of the genitourinary system. This procedure is prescribed only after the examination, testing and diagnosis.

Indications for the procedure

The main indication for the procedure is severe inflammation of the cystic cavity. If you do not rinse the bladder in time, manifestations of cystitis in the form of inflammation can affect the intestines, which is highly undesirable.

As a rule, such a procedure can be prescribed only in the last stages of the disease. The fact is that the mucous membrane of the bladder itself is very resistant to pathogens, and a simple infection in the bladder will not in any way affect the development of the disease. However, with additional damage, the infection begins to spread rapidly.

An indication for washing is also considered damage to the mucous membrane of the bladder by foreign bodies (urinary stones). Remember that an incorrectly performed procedure, which led to a burn of the mucous membrane of the bladder, is also an indication for flushing.

Technique of the procedure

The procedure is performed using a catheter. A mug of Esmarch, distilled water, a tripod and a catheter are being prepared. A syringe is sometimes used instead of a mug. With cystitis, as a rule, simple washing is prescribed. In cases of work with advanced stages of the disease, medical irrigation with drugs is mandatory.

At the first stage, a catheter is inserted. After that, it is slowly pushed forward until urine comes out of it. The presence of urine in this case is a sure sign that the catheter is inserted correctly and there is no cause for concern. This is followed by waiting until the urine fluid is completely out of the catheter.

The next step is to inject the medicine into the bladder cavity. The procedure is performed using a syringe attached to the catheter. The amount of fluid that will be injected into the bladder always depends solely on the individual characteristics of the patient. As soon as he has a desire to empty his bladder, the drug is stopped. The syringe is then disconnected from the catheter and fluid is expelled through it. The whole complex of actions is repeated from 8 to 12 times, using about 2 liters of liquid at a time.

It may happen that when the urinary fluid and medication are washed out, the catheter becomes clogged with mucous or purulent masses. In this case, the outflow of liquid completely stops, and the device is washed with a special solution.

It should be noted that the procedure for men and women is somewhat different due to the anatomical differences of the genitourinary system.

Washing in women

Women's bladder flushing is much easier because the urethra is shorter and wider. For this reason, the insertion of the catheter is practically not difficult, which cannot be said about the opposite field.

Washing in men

The main problem with this procedure in men is the length of the urethra. The fact is that it has a considerable length and a relatively small diameter. Among other things, there are anatomical constrictions that make it difficult to insert the catheter.

In the case of men, the catheter is lubricated with petroleum jelly and inserted very slowly (rotational movements are performed if necessary). In places of constriction, the man is asked to take several deep breaths (this relaxes the muscles), after which the catheter is continued to be inserted.

You should be aware that a spasm may occur when the catheter is inserted. In this case, this process temporarily stops in anticipation of muscle relaxation. After complete relaxation, the introduction is continued until the first drops of urinary fluid appear from the catheter.

At home

With cystitis, you can also use the home method of flushing the bladder. However, it is much less effective than medication. It is practically no different from medication. The only significant difference between medication and home procedures is that in the first case it is carried out by a qualified specialist who has at least minimal experience, and in the second - by a person who may not even have a minimum medical education.

Due to the possible occurrence of serious complications of the disease and trauma to the organs of the genitourinary system, this procedure should not be carried out at home. The most precious thing in our life is health. It is necessary to take care of it and immediately seek medical help at the first symptoms.

Alternative washing methods

Bladder flushing with a cystotome differs in that the catheter is not used. This procedure is indicated if the urinary canal is damaged or inflamed, or the urethra is deformed in some way. The algorithm itself for carrying out such a procedure differs in that the fluid is injected and outflowed by means of a cystotome. The device is installed by trocar method directly to the bladder. The procedure is repeated until the solution coming out of the tube becomes clear.

It should be remembered that this method can involve long-term exposure. In this case, the patient is at risk of completely losing the ability to urinate normally. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to constantly consume liquid and try to independently control the process of urination. Bladder flushing is performed using the same drugs as for alternative methods of the procedure.

Indwelling or temporary urinary catheter

The use of catheters, depending on the situation, can be either temporary (if necessary) or permanent. Constant use of a urinary catheter is necessary for chronic diseases that cannot be radically cured with medications or surgery. These are often neurological patients. If a Foley catheter is often inserted into the urethra for women, this option is unacceptable for men. Why? Yes, for the reason that the male urethra communicates not only with the bladder, but also with the prostate, testicles, seminal vesicles. And a foreign body in the urethra will sooner or later lead to complications, such as acute prostatitis or epididymitis ... That is why a permanent urinary catheter is more often used in women, and in men it is also used, but after the operation - epicystostomy with the formation of a suprapubic urinary fistula. It is in this fistula that a permanent urinary catheter is installed in men. In this case, it is practically safe and does not cause complications.

When to combine a catheter with a urine collection bag?

Constant use of a urine diversion catheter forces the problem of urine collection to be addressed. Indeed, with an indwelling catheter, the patient is not always bedridden. Many are relatively active. The most practical option is to use a catheter with a urine collection bag. A urine collection bag is a plastic bag with a tube for receiving urine, which is connected to a catheter and a second tube with a valve to drain the accumulated urine. A catheter with a urine collection bag is used both in the variant of urine diversion through a catheter in the urethra and through a suprapubic fistula.

Flushing the bladder through a urinary catheter

After discharge from the hospital, the patient's relatives with a catheter are left alone with this problem. And many simply do not know how to properly flush the bladder through a urinary catheter. It is worth adhering to the following rules:

• Flush the urinary catheter at least 1 time per day, preferably 2 times (if necessary, you can flush the bladder through the urinary catheter and 5 or even 10 times a day);
• Be sure to disconnect the drainage bag and catheter extension tubes before flushing. Flush the bladder directly through the catheter;
• Use special solutions to flush the bladder. It is strongly not recommended to rinse with plain water because this will inevitably lead to the development of inflammation in the bladder and may result in the development of acute ascending pyelonephritis;

How to flush a urinary catheter?

When a patient is discharged from a urological hospital, the attending physician recommends specific solutions for rinsing. But if you do not know how to flush the urinary catheter, first carefully study the recommendations in the discharge summary, which the patient received upon discharge from the hospital. There, the attending physician is simply obliged to indicate how and with what to flush the bladder through the catheter. For the last 30-40 years, urologists have recommended flushing the catheter for urine excretion with a solution of furacillin 1: 5000. But the high resistance of urinary infection to this solution forced doctors to abandon furacillin in favor of a solution of potassium permanganate or more modern Betadine and Vokadin over time.

Do you know how to correctly insert a catheter into the bladder?

It must be admitted that relatives of patients with a catheter do not always invite medical specialists to replace the catheter and change it themselves. If the procedure for replacing the Foley catheter and especially Petzer is trusted by the urologist, then the woman themselves dare to insert the catheter into the bladder. In such situations, you must adhere to the following rules:

1. Before catheterization, it is necessary to treat the area of \u200b\u200bthe external opening of the urethra with an antiseptic;
2. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water twice and treat them with alcohol;
3. When inserting the catheter, hold it with sterile forceps. Otherwise, you will carry an infection into your bladder;
4. It is advisable to use a special syringe Jeanne or a disposable alternative with a volume of 60 - 150 ml for rinsing.

With all the prostate insertion of a catheter into the bladder at first glance, we urge you to entrust this procedure to qualified medical professionals. Remember that improper catheterization can injure the bladder or urethra, resulting in emergency surgery.

Cranberries - Help for Kidney Stones, Cystitis and Prostatitis

Frequent urination with a sharpness - the main symptoms of cystitis

Treatment of cystitis with herbs is an effective way to overcome the disease

Bladder lavage through a catheter is prescribed only by a highly qualified doctor for the following indications:

• patients who are unable to defecate on their own;
• people suffering from inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract;
• patients who have been taking medications that have a negative effect on the mucous membranes for a long period of time;
• before conducting a study to remove blood from the bladder cavity;
• to determine the capacity of the organ;
• cystitis;
• stagnation of pus;
• before the introduction of drugs into the bladder;
• with urolithiasis and diagnosis of various types of neoplasms in the event of stagnation;
• before cystoscopy.

Bladder flushing through a catheter is prescribed for people who have been taking medications for a long period of time

If a person is found to have at least one of the above diseases, the person must undergo an organ flushing procedure. These manipulations are considered serious enough and it is best if it is performed by a qualified specialist, only in this case, numerous deviations can be avoided. But if, nevertheless, the procedure must be carried out at home, then this should be especially carefully prepared.

Before a person is given a bladder lavage with cystitis, he undergoes the necessary examination. This is necessary first of all in order to exclude various kinds of complications. This procedure is strictly prohibited for patients who have the following health problems:

• there are various kinds of trauma to the urinary tract;
• inflammatory processes of the urethra in an acute form are diagnosed;
• there is a lesion of the sphincter;
• various kinds of venereal diseases are revealed.

Bladder lavage refers to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed by an experienced nurse

If a person is diagnosed with at least one of the pathologies listed above, then flushing is strictly prohibited. Such measures are primarily necessary in order not to aggravate the situation and not lead to the development of serious and irreparable complications.

Since flushing the bladder is considered a rather serious procedure, then, of course, it is best to carry it out in a stationary environment, but unfortunately this is not always possible. It is not recommended to carry out such procedures at home for the following reasons:

• any self-medication can adversely affect health, not an exception and washing the bladder. It is very important, before starting the procedure, you need to make sure that there are no contraindications to its conduct, and this can be done only after passing certain examinations in a hospital;
• the solution should be selected especially carefully and professionally, since even the slightest error can lead to a burn of the mucous membrane of the organ;
• before the procedure, you should accurately study all the nuances of this procedure, since with an incorrectly inserted catheter there is a risk of injury to the urinary system;
• when carrying out the procedure at home, there is a risk of infecting, but in a hospital setting, all manipulations are carried out in ideally sterile conditions.

If you decide to flush the bladder at home, then you should carefully prepare for this process and purchase all the necessary materials and tools. It is impossible to flush the organ on your own, so you need to enlist the support of loved ones.

How to properly flush the bladder at home and what is needed for this - only the attending physician can tell about this

How to properly flush the bladder at home and what you need to do this will be told by your doctor. To carry out this procedure, you need to purchase the following drugs and products:

• foley catheter, which is recommended by the doctor for size;
• syringe;
• tray and oilcloth;
• cotton wool, gloves and napkins;
• antiseptic solution;
• furacilin solution.

Washing the bladder in this way is carried out once every two days or, if necessary, then once a day.

As already mentioned, in order to flush the bladder, a person first of all should purchase certain funds and drugs. As soon as everything you need is purchased, you can proceed directly to the rinsing.

Note! Before washing the bladder, it is very important to measure its volume in advance; this requires determining the amount of urine after urination.

It is strictly forbidden to use alcohol to flush the bladder. This is primarily due to the fact that, in addition to alcohol, it also contains certain additives that can have a negative effect on the tissues of the bladder and significantly aggravate all inflammatory processes.

Organ flushing should be carried out according to the following principle:

• a person needs to lie on his back and at the same time spread his legs as wide as possible and bend them at the knee joint;
• the genitals must be treated with an antiseptic. This is necessary primarily in order to prevent the penetration of infection;
• after that, it is required to carefully insert the catheter into the urethra and slowly advance it into the bladder;
• as soon as urine is released, the introduction of the catheter should be suspended;
• during this process, it is strictly forbidden to abruptly withdraw the catheter or pull it, since any even minor careless actions can lead to various kinds of injuries in the bladder;
• after the introduction of the catheter, you need to draw a medicinal solution into the syringe, which should be diluted first;
• as soon as the medicine is drawn into the syringe, it must be connected to the catheter;
• the medicine should be administered very slowly, at least over a few minutes;
• after the injection of the drug, it will immediately begin to flow back from the bladder, and as soon as all the fluid from the organ flows out, the administration of the drug will need to be repeated.

An antiseptic solution is introduced into the main organ of the urinary system using special instruments.

The drug should be injected into the bladder at least eight times, or to be more precise, until the urine released becomes crystal clear and clean. After all procedures, the catheter should be carefully removed from the bladder, and the genitals should be treated with an antiseptic again.

In some cases, what happens is that the catheter becomes clogged with mucus. In this case, a person's rinsing liquid does not flow out. To solve this problem, you should use a special liquid to dissolve and eliminate mucus. Thus, this problem can be solved immediately.

After flushing the bladder, the patient is strictly forbidden to get out of bed for thirty minutes, as well as subsequently lift heavy objects and exercise.

If the patient feels pain while flushing the bladder, this first of all indicates that the bladder is stretching. In such a situation, it is required to reduce the amount of injected fluid. But when signs of bleeding appear, the procedure should be stopped immediately and seek help from a highly qualified doctor.

It is impossible for a person to independently carry out the washing procedure, so he will need the understanding and help of loved ones.

The bladder is equipped with a large number of nerve endings. When it fills up, they become irritated and the person feels the urge to urinate. If the functionality of the organ is disturbed, the tone of the muscles of the walls decreases, as a result of which the body is not able to warn about the need to visit the toilet. And vice versa - excessive irritation of the nerve endings, which is characteristic of inflammatory processes, causes very frequent urges, and urination, at the same time, becomes painful and unpleasant.

If the bladder malfunctions, a catheterization procedure may be necessary

Catheterization is designed to eliminate these phenomena. The method consists in inserting a special tube into the urethra with a reservoir connected to it to collect urine. This design temporarily takes over the function of timely evacuation of urine from the bladder, thereby preventing the development of the negative processes described above.

Flushing of this organ with a catheter is prescribed in the following cases:

Problems with the normal secretion of urine provoke many pathologies and diseases. It can be inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis), urolithiasis, inflammatory processes in the intestines, nephritis, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms, even flu or sinusitis. Very often, catheterization is prescribed for patients with cystitis. Moreover, this procedure is equally relevant for both women and men.

The task facing catheterization is the timely disposal of the bladder and urinary tract from urine, as well as pus (if infectious and inflammatory processes are present). Despite the usefulness of the procedure, sometimes it can be contraindicated. This is true for patients:

• syphilis, gonorrhea and other severe urinary infections;
• inflammation of the urinary tract in a severe stage;
• spasmodic manifestations of the sphincter or its pathological narrowing;
• traumatization of the genitals, both external and internal.

In all of the above cases, catheterization will only lead to an aggravation of the patient's condition. Therefore, other methods will be used to evacuate urine.

In a hospital setting, the problem of how to flush the bladder catheter is decided by medical personnel, in particular, nurses. This is their concern, which is of little concern to both the patient's relatives and himself. However, it is not uncommon for a patient to be discharged home with a catheter. Here you already need to think about how to properly care for such a patient. This task falls on the shoulders of relatives - wife, husband, parents, children, etc.

Flushing the catheter is a very important requirement. Regular cleaning will promptly remove salt deposits and other deposits from the tube that could clog the system. Thanks to this, it is possible to minimize the risk of bacterial infection.

Flush the catheter daily

In stagnant urine, pathogenic microorganisms develop very quickly, and just as quickly penetrate the bladder, provoking its inflammation.

The catheter should be flushed daily. In the simplest cases, ordinary saline will be enough, only it needs to be slightly warmed up. A pleasant temperature for the body will relieve the patient of unpleasant sensations during a specific procedure.

It is also important to determine the volume of the bladder. To do this, you need to wait until the organ is completely filled with urine, and then measure the volume of excreted urine. You will need to use a similar amount of cleanser.

It is necessary to measure the volume of the bladder

It is another matter if the patient has had a complex disease, as a result of which, together with the urine, various flakes, salt sediment and other foreign impurities are still released. In this case, you will need to prepare a more complex, but at the same time effective means for flushing the catheter.

Here's what you can use:

• boric acid (2 or 3 percent solution);
• potassium permanganate (diluted in water in a ratio of 1:10 000);
• miramistin;
• chlorhexidine solution (2 percent);
• dioxidine (diluted in water in proportions 1:40);
• furacilin solution (1: 5000).

According to the reviews of patients, their relatives, as well as doctors, the best option for flushing the urine excretion system at home is furacilin. You can prepare the necessary solution yourself, or simply buy it at the pharmacy. The tool is characterized by a significant prevalence, is easy to use, has no contraindications and, moreover, has an acceptable price in all respects.

Prepare a solution of Furacilin

Here's how to make a furacilin solution at home:

• take two or three tablets;
• grind them into powder;
• add about 400-500 ml of water (preferably boiled or, even better, distilled);
• to get rid of undissolved small crystals, the resulting mixture is passed through a gauze cloth several times.

Bladder lavage is prescribed for the treatment of congestion, which are accompanied by inflammation of the walls of the mucous membrane of the hollow organ. The procedure allows you to remove waste products of urine with the help of drugs, which accelerates the healing process of damaged tissues of the bladder.

When the procedure is prescribed

The main indication for flushing the bladder is an acute inflammatory process, in which the outflow of urine is impaired. In urology, this technique is most often used for cystitis, since the disease is characterized by the addition of a secondary infection.

Washing is prescribed for the following purposes:

• The introduction of antiseptic solutions into the bladder cavity for the treatment of inflammation.
• Excretion of urine with general paralysis or in the postoperative period.
• Before diagnosing the organs of the excretory system.
• Urine collection for research.

The reason for the procedure is also the long-term use of drugs that have caused pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the bladder.

Conditions requiring the procedure:

• Side effects from the use of potent drugs.
• Mechanical damage to the walls of the organ.
• Burns of the mucous membrane due to improper procedure.

Flushing of the bladder is carried out in case of congestion, accompanied by an accumulation of pus, which in the future can disrupt the state of all body systems.

Contraindications

Before carrying out the procedure, it is necessary to take into account the state of the patient's body, since there are some contraindications that can give a side effect.

The main contraindications for the method are:

• injuries with damage to the urethra and bladder;
• overlapping the lumen of the urethra with a stone;
• neoplasms of the bladder;
• spasm of the urethra;
• prostatitis in the acute stage;
• complete absence of urine;
• some sexually transmitted diseases.

Features of the manipulation

The procedure for women will not be difficult even at home, since the length of the urethra is up to 10 cm.
It is possible to flush the bladder with a catheter in a man only in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor. The complexity of manipulation in men is associated with a number of anatomical features, since the length of the urethra reaches 25 cm and has two physiological narrowings.

The introduction of a rubber catheter must be carried out with rotational movements. In the area where the man has narrowing, special breathing exercises are used, they help to relax the smooth muscles, which facilitates catheterization. In case of muscle spasm, the introduction of the catheter is immediately stopped, and after relaxation, the advance is continued until the first portion of urine appears.

In men, catheter insertion can be complicated by anatomical narrowing of the urethra.

It is forbidden to use force during manipulation, as this can lead to injury to the urethra.

Equipment for manipulation

Bladder lavage is performed using the following instruments:

• disposable sterile catheter;
• sterile tweezers;
• non-sterile tweezers;
• tray;
• sterile gloves;
• gauze napkins;
• sterile cotton wool;
• sterile glycerin oil;
• warm solution of 0.02% furacilin;
• janet syringe or 20 cc;
• oilcloth or diaper.

Before using disposable catheters, check the expiration dates and the integrity of the packaging

The manipulation is carried out with sterile gloves without the use of tweezers.

Patient preparation

Before the procedure, the patient's urinary system should be examined to determine the capacity of the bladder. The volume of an organ is measured by excreting urine in one act of urination. The use of medicinal solutions is necessary in the case of purulent contents in the urethra and bladder.

Psychological preparation of the patient consists in explaining the course of manipulation and the peculiarities of its implementation.

Rules for the introduction of solutions

Depending on the nature of the pathological process, drugs are used, the action of which is aimed at reducing inflammation.

For therapeutic purposes, a solution of furacilin, penicillin and protargol is injected into the organ cavity.

For the purpose of simple flushing, the organ can be flushed with distilled water, saline or boric acid solution.

Antiseptic preparations when flushing are used to suppress infectious agents

It is necessary to inject solutions into the organ, preheating them to room temperature. The number of procedures should be no more than 1 time in 2 days.

It is forbidden to flush the bladder with cold solutions, as this can cause spasm of the urethra, which will lead to additional organ injury.

Algorithm for manipulation

It is recommended to flush the affected organ in the most physiological position for urine removal and administration of a medicinal solution. Therefore, the patient must take a position lying on his back with the legs brought to the pelvis and bent at the knee joint.

Technique for conducting medicinal solutions:

1. With the help of a catheter, you need to empty the bladder.
2. Connect a syringe to the catheter and inject a certain amount of antiseptic solution into the organ.
3. The introduction of the solution is continued until the patient has a feeling of organ overflow.
4. Separate the syringe from the catheter after lowering it into a container for rinsing water.
5. The washing is repeated until a clear solution appears.
6. After completing the procedure, the catheter is removed with slow movements and soaked in disinfectant solution.
7. The patient should be in a horizontal position for 30 minutes for maximum therapeutic effect.

In case of mechanical blockage, the catheter must be partially removed from the organ or rinsed with a special solution

Home rinsing principles

For therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, manipulation is prescribed exclusively by a doctor, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient. At home, you can perform the procedure for women, taking into account the rules of asepsis and antiseptics. All materials and instruments that come into contact with the body during manipulation must be sterile.

Catheterization is done exclusively with a rubber catheter. Furacilin is used as an antiseptic solution at home.

Possible complications during the procedure

If the catheter is incorrectly inserted or if the rules of asepsis are violated, the patient may experience complications. Aggravation of the inflammatory process, which is accompanied by high fever, can provide non-sterile instrumentation.

There are the following complications after manipulation:

• bleeding;
• infection;
• trauma to the urethra;
• burn of the mucous excretory system.

In order to prevent complications after washing, the procedure is performed in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor.

Unpleasant aching pain in the suprapubic zone, cutting pain during urination are the main symptoms of cystitis, in which a strong inflammatory process occurs in the mucous membrane of the bladder. Often the pain is so unbearable and interferes with life that the only question that revolves in the patient's head is: how to ease the pain of cystitis and feel better?

Why do painful sensations appear?

Before taking a drug that will improve your well-being, you need to determine what exactly hurts with cystitis. With such a disease, patients complain of severe pain when urinating, there is a feeling that something prickly and cutting is being pushed through the urethra. Often, acute cystitis is accompanied by severe dull pains that are localized in the bladder, and with the aggravation of the inflammatory process, discomfort can spread to the perineal region.

With cystitis, bladder pain is caused by smooth muscle spasm, so regular pain relievers won't help relieve cystitis at home. Therefore, you should not even try to calm the pain with Analgin or Ibuprofen. To reduce pain, you need, firstly, to understand what pains with cystitis are felt and in what area, and secondly, to eliminate the root cause - the inflammatory process.

Pain relief with drugs

Modern pharmacology has given people a lot of pain relievers, so it’s silly not to use them. In order to cure cystitis at home and reduce pain, the following drugs are used:

• Monural is a strong antibiotic that comes in powder format and is convenient because it only needs to be taken once;
• Furadonin is a powerful antibacterial drug that acts only on the causative agents of cystitis, without affecting the beneficial bacteria that live in the human intestine;
• Nolitsin is a good antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action, destroys most of the pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation in the bladder;
• Tsiprolet - you must definitely take the course, but relief is felt already on the first day after the start of the intake.

There are other drugs, the use of which will remove the inflammatory process, but you need to remember: all drugs can be taken only after consulting a doctor, since self-medication in such a matter will only make it worse.

The answer to the question of how to relieve pain in cystitis involves the use of special pain relievers, for example:

• to all the acquaintances of No-shpa, Drotaverin and Baralgin;
• rectal suppositories with papaverine;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Nimesulide or Ketanol.

The nuances of using painkillers

It is important to remember that in some cases it is impossible to use a conventional pain reliever for cystitis, therefore, before asking for cystitis how to quickly relieve pain, you need to take into account the individual characteristics of the course of the disease. For example, with hemorrhagic cystitis, it is forbidden to use antispasmodics, as this can increase bleeding. If there is blood in the urine, No-shpa and Drotaverin are categorically contraindicated.

In the chronic form of the disease, on the contrary, if the question of how to alleviate the symptoms of cystitis is acute, it is better to take antispasmodics, pain relievers such as Aspirin cannot be taken, since they will lead to bleeding.

What if there are no painkillers?

Medicines that help relieve pain are not always on hand, so patients at a doctor's appointment ask about cystitis how to relieve pain without medication. Most doctors agree that you need to use heat, and you can do this as follows:

• Drink hot herbal tea, which should contain medicinal plants that help reduce inflammation and thereby relieve acute pain from cystitis at home.
• You can make foot baths, for this, the feet are dipped into hot water and kept for 10-20 minutes. As a result, the blood will drain from the bladder area and after a while the pain will subside. This method can be used not only for cystitis in women, but also for painful menstruation.
• The use of dry heat is very effective in reducing soreness and improving well-being. You need to take a heating pad or heat salt or sand in a frying pan, and then pour it into a bag or regular sock. By holding the heating pad in the lower abdomen for about 20 minutes, most patients begin to feel relief almost immediately. But it must be remembered that the heating pad is canceled if there is a temperature, since this will only contribute to the aggravation of the fever.

Despite the fact that heat is an excellent solution to the problem of how to get rid of pain, in case of cystitis, in no case should you go to a sauna or bath, and also bask in a warm bath, as this can lead to an increase in the inflammatory process. If you really want to take a bath, it is better to wait until the cystitis subsides.

Folk remedies

People who prefer to use pharmacological medications as little as possible ask for cystitis how to relieve pain with folk remedies based on medicinal herbs. There are many recipes that can be used for cystitis, which helps the pain go away quickly and improve well-being.

Baking soda

Oddly enough, soda will help in solving the problem of how to relieve an attack of cystitis. This powder is always at hand and is very easy to use. In order to calm the sharp pain, you need to dissolve a tablespoon of baking soda in a glass of warm clean water and drink. Such a medicine acts on the inflammatory process, the manifestations of which will become less pronounced, and soda will also help the infection not to spread further.

Chamomile

Chamomile tea is another excellent anti-inflammatory agent that can help make cystitis less painful. In order to prepare such a broth, you only need 3 tbsp. l. dried flowers, as well as 1 liter of freshly boiled water. Plants need to be poured with boiling water and left over very low heat. Boil the chamomile for about an hour and then leave to infuse for about the same time. Drink the medicine half a glass every hour for 3-5 days.

When using herbal preparations based on chamomile, the mucous membrane of the bladder is disinfected, which helps to fight the root cause of cystitis.

Calendula

A decoction based on this plant is no less effective than chamomile; after its use, all signs of cystitis become much weaker or disappear completely. To prepare the medicine, you need to take 5 tbsp. l. dry flowers of the plant and pour a liter of boiling water, then hold on very low heat for about half an hour. Like chamomile broth, drink half a glass every hour and be sure to keep it in the refrigerator.

No pain relievers will help make cystitis less unpleasant if you neglect the following rules:

• you should not try to get sick on your legs, cystitis requires bed rest at least in the first days;
• it is imperative to consume as many vegetables and fruits as possible, as well as dairy products;
• it is worth removing too salty or spicy foods from the diet, as well as fried and fast food, as this contributes to irritation of the already damaged mucous membrane;
• it is imperative to increase the amount of fluid consumed, this will help flush the bladder as quickly as possible and thereby speed up recovery;
• if it is possible to prepare fruit drinks from cranberries or other similar berries, you should drink them as often as possible, since the substances contained in such drinks eliminate the manifestations of cystitis and reduce pain;
• during an illness, it is necessary to reduce physical activity, serious sports loads with such an ailment are prohibited;
• you cannot wear tight trousers that put pressure on your stomach, this will only aggravate the disease, it is better to choose loose pants;
• it is imperative to wash and change your underwear on time, since sloppiness in this matter will help bacteria to attack the bladder again and again.

In order to avoid the question of what to do with severe pain, you need to consult with your doctor in advance about this issue, and also take timely measures to treat the disease. Then cystitis will not interfere with normal life and will not remind of itself for a long time.

The danger of purulent prostatitis

One of the most dangerous and difficult forms of prostate inflammation is purulent prostatitis. It can appear as a result of untimely started, incomplete or incorrect treatment of a viral or other form of the disease. A purulent type of prostatitis is a serious danger for a man, therefore, if characteristic symptoms appear, you should urgently consult a doctor.

Why does purulent prostatitis occur?

Purulent prostatitis can appear under the influence of various factors. A large number of them are distinguished. But the most common are:

• decrease in the body's immune defenses and activation of harmful bacteria;
• severe hypothermia;
• penetration of staphylococcal infection into the gland due to caries, periodontitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis;
• trauma to the urethra, as a result of which infections penetrate the prostate faster;
• anaerobic infection that has invaded the gland from the urethra.

Bacteria are the main cause of purulent prostatitis

In any case, purulent prostatitis manifests itself when infections penetrate into the prostate gland.

Symptoms of the disease

Purulent prostatitis in men is characterized by signs that can vary depending on the stage of the disease. There are several forms of the disease observed in men with the development of a purulent process.

Catarrhal

Catarrhal prostatitis is a consequence of a decrease in the body's immune defenses. This situation is observed if a man contracted SARS, sore throat or flu.

The inflammatory process is observed on the walls of the prostate ducts. The gland may be edematous, or it may not change at all. Some men may suspect cystitis, which, like catarrhal prostatitis, is expressed in the form of frequent urination. In this case, pain syndrome is observed.

The symptomatology of this form is not pronounced, therefore, treatment during this period begins in extreme cases. However, it is at this stage that the probability of complete elimination of the disease is high.

Follicular

In the absence of treatment for catarrhal prostatitis, a follicular form is formed. It is characterized by:

• inflammation of the glandular tissue or its lobes;
• enlargement of the prostate gland in size;
• decreased prostate tone.

Pustules can be found on the lobes. Due to the swelling of the mucous membrane of the ducts, purulent discharge cannot leave the follicles. As a result, the latter enlarge, stretch and scar during recovery.

All forms of purulent prostatitis are characterized by an increase in temperature

At this stage of the disease, characteristic symptoms appear in the form of a rise in body temperature to 39 ° C, severe pain in the hips, perineum and sacrum. Urination becomes infrequent and painful. Discharge with prostatitis may appear in the form of pus, spreading through the gland.

Parenchymal

The emergence of acute purulent prostatitis in the parenchymal form leads to serious disorders in the body of a man. The glandular tissue and the connective tissue base of the gland swell, and a large number of leukocytes appear in this area. The inflammation can be seen in part of the gland or the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe prostate.

The organ may increase in volume. Symptoms become more pronounced. During this period, there are:

• rise in body temperature with prostatitis;
• increased painful sensations;
• severe purulent discharge;
• retention of urine.

A man can sense the presence of a foreign body in the anus. This becomes the cause of frequent false urge to defecate.

Pain may appear in the lumbar region. Sometimes it becomes unbearable, so the patient cannot sit still.

If the disease is not treated, then stagnation of feces, mucus discharge from the anus are formed. At the same time, urine has a cloudy hue.

Abscessing

Purulent prostatitis in an advanced form manifests itself as an abscess of the prostate gland. As a result, the tissues become covered with abscesses. A man has:

• rise in body temperature up to 40 ° C;
• sharp pains;
• profuse discharge of a purulent character.

Ways of spreading pus during abscess breakthrough

General intoxication of the body is noted. The danger of this form of prostatitis is manifested in the fact that the abscess can grow and open up on its own. Serious complications can develop if pus enters the urethra, rectum, bladder, or abdomen.

Possible complications

If purulent prostatitis occurs, treatment should be started as soon as possible. Otherwise, the likelihood of complications increases. Among them are:

• infertility;
• erectile dysfunction;
• acute urinary retention;
• scarring and narrowing of the urethra;
• recurrent cystitis;
• renal failure;
• adenoma of the prostate;
• abscess;
• sepsis.

The prostate also produces male sex hormones. Their balance is necessary not only to maintain sexual function, but also to protect against heart attack, gastric and duodenal ulcers, atherosclerosis.

Complications of purulent prostatitis

To avoid the development of serious complications, it is necessary to consult a doctor at the initial stage of the onset of violations. In this case, it will be possible to cure the disease faster.

Conservative treatment of the disease

In most cases, the purulent form of prostatitis does not go away on its own. In the absence of treatment, the patient's condition may worsen, and the disease becomes severe. Therefore, it is best to start therapy early.

The patient will need an appointment:

• antibiotics;
• anti-inflammatory drugs;
• antispasmodics;
• pain medications.

A man must be prescribed antibiotics. After all, the purulent form of prostatitis develops under the influence of pathogenic bacteria. Most often, broad-spectrum drugs are prescribed in high dosage in the form of intramuscular or intravenous injections. It may also require injection directly into the gland.

The doctor will select a treatment regimen depending on the form of the disease

The doctor draws up the treatment depending on the stage of the disease and the patient's condition. It usually involves using:

• OD digit;
• Metronidazole;
• Viferon;
• Polyoxidonium;
• Vitaprost and Bioprost;
• Prostakora;
• Tamsulosin or Terazolin.

If the pain syndrome is pronounced, the use of rectal suppositories with an analgesic effect will be required. These include Pantopon or Promedol.

At all stages, except for the abscess, the use of warm baths and microclysters with warm water is allowed. They eliminate spasms, pains, and also dissolve small foci with purulent contents. Also, drugs begin to more actively flow to the gland.

Surgery

Severe stages of purulent prostatitis are treated only surgically. The operation is assigned when:

• the formation of large purulent foci;
• the threat of opening an abscess into adipose tissue or rectum;
• increased likelihood of blood clots;
• the threat of purulent fusion of the pelvic vessels.

If the abscesses break through spontaneously, then the doctor installs drainage in their cavity and thoroughly rinses it from the remnants of pus. After that, the cavity is sutured.

With massive abscesses and the threat of their breakthrough, a surgical autopsy is performed. This is done through the perineum or rectum. The pus is pumped out through the drain, and then the cavity is flushed with an antiseptic solution. After all the manipulations, the wound is sutured.

Surgical treatment of prostatitis

After the operation, the man is prescribed antibiotics and immunostimulants to avoid the recurrence of the disease.

Bladder catheterization is the installation of a special medical device that allows urine to flow directly into the cavity of the specified organ. The measure is used in cases where the option of self-urination of a person is excluded - it is impossible due to various factors or is inadmissible according to the algorithm of specific manipulations. If in women the procedure can be performed by both a nurse and a doctor, then only a specialist with a higher education and who knows the relevant practice perfectly can use a catheter (especially a metal one, not a flexible one) for a man.

Indications

The catheter used in urological practice is flexible (rubber, silicone) and metal. A silicone product is installed in the urinary organ when it is necessary to ensure a prolonged outflow of urine (during and after surgery, when a man is unable to get out of bed to urinate on his own). A metal device is used only for one-step manipulation - it is not installed for a long time.

In each case, the catheter is used when the patient has:

• acute urinary retention (more often - with prostate adenoma);
• there is a need to donate urine for subsequent bacteriological or other research;
• complications due to the existing infectious process.

Violation of the outflow of urine, which is fraught with the development of dropsy of the kidney, occurs as a result of such reasons:

• the resulting adenoma of the prostate gland;
• stenosis of the urethra (a pathological condition in which there is a narrowing of the lumen of the urethra);
• presence of calculus within the urethra (rare);
• glomerulonephritis (an inflammatory process involving the glomerular system of the kidneys);
• blockage of the urethra due to a tumor process;
• tuberculosis of the renal tissue and organs of the urinary system.

Also, the use of a catheter is necessary for the introduction of drugs directly into the cavity of the bladder: the catheter, overcoming the urethra, reaches the cavity of the bladder. A drug (usually an antibiotic or disinfecting solution) is injected into a flexible tube, previously attached to the catheter, to flush the organ, gradually eliminating the inflammation of its tissue.

A long-term catheter (silicone) is installed for a period not longer than 5 days. If the patient's condition still does not allow him to urinate on his own, the catheter is replaced (to avoid the development of an inflammatory process).

Algorithm for catheterization

When performing the procedure, it is important to observe the sterility regime in the office. Therefore, the staff wear masks and disposable gloves. There is a specific algorithm for bladder catheterization. All actions need to be performed only after the patient's psychological preparation, clarification of the features and order of the stages, as well as the sensations that he will note during the procedure.

1. The patient is invited to the dressing room, where he is placed on a table located here with a pre-laid diaper and oilcloth.
2. Having removed his underwear and remained only in a special operating shirt (or disposable), the man lies on his back, with his legs bent and spread apart. By this time, the nurse has already procured all the necessary tools and supplies.
3. Before the introduction of the catheter, the doctor carefully treats the patient's genital organ with an antiseptic solution, using wipes and tweezers for this. This stage is necessary to eliminate pathogens from the surface of the mucous membrane of the genital organ, so that, together with the catheter, they do not move into the bladder, causing inflammation.
4. The doctor then lubricates the surface of the instrument with glycerin (to ensure glide) and carefully inserts the catheter so as not to damage the internal structures. The urethra of men has a special structure, and the doctor, using the instrument, has to overcome two physiological bends. If you apply force at this stage, injury cannot be avoided. Therefore, the doctor performs the procedure very carefully. The success of the intervention is determined by the appearance of urine in the catheter.
5. If the main goal is to release urine, a prepared tray is substituted and filled until the bladder is completely empty. To make sure that the organ is completely emptied, the doctor presses on the suprapubic area.
6. If the purpose of the procedure is to administer a drug, the staff will use a syringe and rubber catheter. The drug is injected through the tube into the bladder, then the lumen of the adapter is closed with a clamp so that the injected drug does not flow back.

Possible complications

Potential complications that can arise with bladder catheterization in men are associated with non-compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis, as well as inept handling of the catheter.

1. Cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis - the inflammatory process may be preceded by insufficient hygiene of the penis before the moment of catheter insertion.
2. Damage to the internal structures of the penis, urethra, bladder.

Also, complications arise in cases where the preliminary diagnosis was wrong or the rigid catheter was inserted incorrectly.

Contraindications

Bladder catheterization should not be performed if the patient:

• acute urethritis (including gonorrheal type);
• damage to the structures of the urethra or suspicion of such;
• if the sphincter (physiological valve) is contracted.

At the end of the procedure, the patient is transferred to the ward, and a sample of the taken urine is sent to the laboratory.