What's hidden under the heads on Easter Island. What were the stone heads hidden underground on Easter Island: a real story. What the excavations showed

In 1722, a Dutch ship led by Jacob Roggeven arrived on an island three thousand kilometers west of the coast of South America. Easter was celebrated on this day, so it was decided to name the island Easter Island. Now this island is known to the whole world. Its main treasure is moai, statues scattered throughout the island and unique in all human culture.

According to Roggeven's description, local residents made bonfires in the evenings in front of the statues and sat down in a circle, making prayers. At the same time, the lifestyle of the inhabitants corresponded to the primitive. They lived in small reed huts, slept on mats, and used stones instead of pillows. They cooked food on hot stones. Seeing their way of life, the Dutch could not believe that these people could build stone giants. They even made a proposal that moai are made not of stone, but of clay sprinkled with stones. Roggeven spent only a day on the island, so no qualitative research was carried out.

The next time Europeans looked here in 1770. The Spanish expedition of Felipe Gonzalez immediately identified the island in the possession of Spain. The expedition saw that the statues were still made of stone. They even expressed doubts that the moai were made on this island, and not delivered from the mainland.

This was followed by the expeditions of Cook and La Perouse. Cook noted the high level of skill of ancient engineers. Cook was surprised how ancient people, without serious technology, were able to install such giants on stone pedestals. He also noticed that some of the statues were overturned face down, and it was noticeable that this was not caused by natural destruction.

Together with Cook, a Polynesian landed on the island, who understands the language of the inhabitants of Easter Island. They found out that these statues were not erected in honor of the gods, but for representatives of local authorities of distant times. Modern researchers also come to the same opinion.

Research of our era

The European discoveries have left their mark on the inhabitants of the island. The export of Aboriginal objects and valuables to museums around the world began. Much of this legacy has been destroyed. Therefore, researchers of the 20th century faced many questions, and only grains of history were given to resolve them. The task was not easy.

The first serious study of moai on Easter Island was carried out in 1914-1915 by the Englishwoman Katrie Rutledge. She drew up a map of the island with the Rano Raraku volcano, where most of the colossi were carved, the paths from the volcano to the platforms with statues installed, about 400 statues.

Another development of events is associated with the name of Thor Heyerdahl. The breadth of the problem was determined before the scientific community. There were many problems and questions, answers to some of them have not been found to this day.

Secrets and numbers

The Moai of Easter Island were established from the 10th to the 16th century. The creation of huge megalithic statues was spread throughout the world in the early stages of the development of civilizations, so it is not surprising that the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating moai could have originated here.

In total, about 1000 remains of statues were found, made in the crater of the Rano Raraku volcano. Most of them remained here. Here lies the largest of them - a 19-meter giant. Several statues were produced at the same time, therefore, among the left works, you can trace all the stages of making moai.

The work began with the face. Further, the treatment flowed to the sides, ears, hands on the stomach. The figures were made without legs, like a long bust. When the back was freed from the breed, the workers began to deliver the idol to the foot. On this path, many destroyed statues were found that did not survive the road.

At the foot of the statue, the statues were erected in a vertical position, and they were refined and decorated. After this stage, one more transportation awaited them.

383 statues managed to get out of the volcano. Here they were installed on platforms from two to 15 pieces at a time. The height of the statues located here reaches 8 meters. In the old days, idols' heads were covered with pukao imitating red hair. The first visitors from Europe still found them standing in the pukao. The last giant was overturned in 1840.

The question of the delivery method was also resolved. So the towing of megaliths in other peoples was carried out by human force with the help of ropes and sleighs with rotating rollers. Such videos were also found on Easter Island, which once again confirmed this assumption.

At the moment, most of the monuments have been re-installed on platforms and continue to gaze out onto the ocean. Moai are truly a unique structure all over the world, they continue to delight and amaze visitors to the island.

Travels

Many people know about the mysterious stone faces located on the slopes of Easter Island. But for many it may be a discovery that the huge ancient stone heads guarding the famous island have bodies.

Archaeologists Easter Island Statue Project unearthed two of the many statues to unravel the secret of the mysterious stones and the people who created them.

The reason many people think that Easter Island has heads is because about 150 statues are buried up to the shoulders on the slope of the volcano... These are the most famous, most beautiful and most frequently photographed statues. Therefore, many of those who have not seen the excavated statues believe that they represent only heads.

Statues called "moai" up to 10 meters high, with a weight of more than 80 tonswere carved from volcanic rock by the ancient Polynesians. Their meaning is still not clear, but it is assumed that they represent the ancestors of indigenous peoples. Probably, when important tribal figures passed away, the tribesmen carved a new statue each time.

It is believed that the impact of erosion over the centuries caused the bodies of the moai to be buried, leaving only their heads on the surface.

On the bodies of the excavated statues were found many petroglyphs carved on the backs of monoliths... These were symbols of the crescent moon, which represented a canoe.

Whole on Easter Island, which in the local language is called Rapa Nui about 887 moai statues, some of which once stood on massive stone platforms. Contrary to the opinion of many people, the heads of the moai are directed not towards the ocean, but inland, as if they are carefully examining their territory.

About 250 of these platforms are located about 800 meters apart, creating an almost continuous line around the entire perimeter of the island... Another 600 moai in various stages of completion are distributed throughout the island. Nearly all the statues were made from solid stone from the Rano Raraku volcano... Engineers, scientists and many other specialists have tried to understand how people moved these statues. It is believed that in order to transfer them, it took between 50 and 150 people.

• Address: Easter Island, Chile;
• Manufactured: between 1250 and 1500;
• Approximate quantity: 887 statues;
• Average weight: less than 5 tons;
• Average height: 3-5 m.

One of the wonders of the world, the moai statues, are located in the central Pacific Ocean. The island belongs, it got its name because it was discovered by a Dutch navigator on Easter Sunday. In addition to statues, tourists come to see the unique landscape, volcanic craters, beaches with clear blue water.

Moai - description and interesting facts

Everyone has seen the statues on Easter Island at least once in absentia - there are an abundance of photos of the monuments, but they will not be able to create a complete impression, therefore, at the first opportunity, you should visit the island and see them live.

How many statues are there on Easter Island? Through constant archaeological excavations, about 887 statues have already been found. These stone giants with large heads and shapeless bodies are scattered throughout the island.

What are the statues on Easter Island called? Locals call them moai, attributing special powers to them and believing that the spiritual power of the island is contained in the blocks. Only thanks to her, good weather is established, success in love and war, and the collection of a rich harvest is possible. Quite often you can hear that the stone statues of Easter Island choose their own place of installation. Mana, the so-called supernatural power, revives the statues, after which they themselves find their place.

What are the statues made of on Easter Island?Their appearance dates back to the XIII-XVI centuries. Most moai are made from volcanic tuff, which is easy to work with, and only a small part are made from trachyte or basalt. There is also a statue especially revered by the local population - Hoa-Haka-Nan-Ia, which is made of mujierite from the Rano Kao volcano.

Where did the statues on Easter Island come from? It is obvious that their construction took a lot of time and effort. At first, there were legends about the leader of the Hotu Matu'a clan, who was the first to find the island and settled on it. Only in 1955-1956 did the truth become clear, this happened when the famous Norwegian archaeologist Thor Heyerdahl visited - the statues, the origin of which occupied the minds of all scientists, erected an endangered tribe of "long-eared". This strange name came from the long earlobes, which were decorated with heavy earrings. Since the secret of the creation of the moai was carefully hidden from the indigenous population, the inhabitants attributed miraculous properties to them.

As the surviving representatives of the long-eared tribe explained to the traveler, the moai monuments were created by their ancestors. They themselves knew the manufacturing process only in theory. But yielding to the requests of Thur Heyerdahl, the representatives of the tribe carved the statue with stone hammers, moved it to a certain place, and raised it, placing stones under the base, three logs acted as levers. This technology was passed down orally from generation to generation, from an early age children listened to stories by adults and repeated what they remembered. This continued until the children learned the process completely.

Rumors of evil stone idols

Moai statues on Easter Island were blamed for the extinction of the local population. According to one group of scientists, the erection of the monuments led to the destruction of the forest, because they were transported on wooden rollers. Because of this, the sources of food were reduced, and soon there was a famine. This led to the almost complete extinction of the local population. Another group of scientists claims that Polynesian rats were the cause of the disappearance of trees. The modern statues were restored already in the 20th century, as earthquakes and tsunamis severely damaged them. Only a few monuments erected by the ancient Rapanui survived.

Amazing discoveries

At first, stone moai were perceived as mysterious faces installed on the slopes of Easter Island. Since archaeologists did not abandon their attempts to understand the purpose of the idols, excavations began to be carried out. As a result, when the statues were excavated on Easter Island, they found that the heads have bodies, the total length of the bodies reaches about 7 m.At least 150 of the most easily recognizable moai were buried on the shoulders, and this led people astray that only heads. Now that the whole world has discovered what they found under the statues on Easter Island, the flow of tourists has only increased, which the locals are very happy about, because tourism is the main source of income for the island.

EASTER ISLAND DISCOVERS ITS SECRETS.

Moai (statue, idol, idol) - monolithic stone statues on the Pacific Easter Island, which belongs to Chile. Made by the aboriginal Polynesian population between 1250 and 1500. There are now 887 known statues.

Do you have a question, what is there in the ground at the heads of Easter Island? Here we are used to seeing them like this:

And now, after 12 years of excavation, scientists have discovered the bodies of stone idols.

A research team led by Anna Van Tilburg, head of the Easter Island Sculpture Project, found that Easter Island statues have bodies as well as heads. The sizes of the bodies of idols are comparable in size to the heads - the length of the bodies reaches 7 meters.

The researcher notes that the idea that the idols of Easter Island have only heads is due to the fact that only 150 sculptures buried in the ground up to their shoulders are most often captured in photographs. Meanwhile, there are about 800 of them on the island. According to archaeologists, the statues were not originally buried. They sank underground under the influence of climate change.

During excavations, archaeologists found out that the statues were painted with red pigment, writes the Mirror newspaper. In addition, human burials were found not far from the statues.

It is noted that during the excavations, mechanisms were found that made it possible to install the colossi. Scientists found that the idols were dragged to the installation site in a horizontal position, and then installed in a dug hole. Ropes and tree trunks were used as guides.

The backs of the stone idols are covered with inscriptions, archaeologists say. Anna Van Tilburg suggests that the petroglyphs covering the torso of the "handsome" may have been signed by the sculptor or the group of the owners of the statue.

The 887 stone giants of Easter Island are the patrons of the island. Easter Island statues are also called Moai. Contrary to popular belief, they do not look towards the ocean, but inland. Some moai have redstone caps. Moai were made in quarries in the center of the island. And their height sometimes reaches 20 meters.

MY OPINION.

Learned to dig, unearthed ... what's next? Now they will broadcast a LIE to the whole world about how illiterate local aborigines sculpted these 20-meter giants and, with the help of ropes and their puny, frail little handles, installed these stone statues, some weighing up to 300 tons. How hard it was for them, probably, if even now there are no such technologies for the manufacture and movement of such stone giants. All this false farce arranged on Easter Island once again confirms the complete falsehood of the history taught in educational institutions of the planet Earth. So, I advise all reasonable, thinking people to take the noodles off their ears and read E.R. Muldasheva.

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In general, my diary contains complete information about all scientific research expeditions of Dr. E.R. Muldasheva. I advise all readers of my diary to familiarize themselves with this very interesting information. I wish you all a pleasant reading. Yours faithfully,

to all readers of my diary,

For many decades, scientists have tried to uncover the secret of building giant moai idols on one of the most mysterious islands - Easter. Researchers carefully studied not only the statues themselves, but also the area around them, trying to find an answer to the question of how the moai were transported, as well as how they ended up on their heads with multi-ton red pukao stone hats. The application of the laws of physics, methods of archeology and computer 3D modeling allowed, finally, to find a solution to this phenomenon.

The most mysterious island

Easter Island is fraught with many secrets and mysteries. For many years, scientists have been trying, one by one, to discover its secrets. An amazing civilization that existed on the island about two millennia ago left impressive moai figures to descendants. According to researchers, giant idols are deified figures of ancestors and relatives of the ancient Polynesians.

According to studies, the civilization itself practically ceased to exist long before the moment when a man's foot set foot on the island. There were two versions of why this could happen: a murderous war that exterminated the tribes that existed on the island, and the depletion of the island's natural resources.

Tips for copies of the mat "a. / Photo: www.oursociety.ru

However, the study of different types of spearheads of "mata" a made it possible to conclude that they were not a murder weapon, but could only injure the enemy.

Rather, there was a depletion of resources, and then the arrival of Europeans on the island with its actual occupation by slave traders. At that time, the moai culture had almost completely disappeared and was replaced by the more aggressive bird-man culture. Thus, somewhere in the middle of the 19th century, the remains of an ancient civilization were completely destroyed.

The destruction of the culture itself and the speakers of the language became the main difficulty in unraveling the secret of stone idols. Scientists were extremely worried about the appearance of pukao on idols, these amazing hats weighing up to 15 tons each.

The study of the gigantic sculptures showed that the torso and the hat contain different volcanic rocks, which are located at a very large distance from each other, in different parts of the island. American anthropologists have spent many years looking for clues and finally were able to answer the burning question about the mechanism of the construction of moai idols.

The researchers took into account not only the state of the surface and the presence of scratches and damage on the idols and their hats, but also all the artifacts found and the state of the island's soil.

Ancient moai scholars

As a result of scrupulous calculations, it was concluded that the only possible way to put the hat on the head of the idol. At the same time, the issue was solved with small forces: it did not require colossal deforestation and the participation of a large number of people in construction.

The statues themselves were made in such a way that they had the ability to straighten themselves, if there was not too much tilt. This made it possible to move the statues, slightly shifting them alternately in different directions. In this way, people today move large bulky objects in small steps from side to side. The idols were slowly but surely moving over considerable distances.

But the hats did not get to the idols completely ready. From the quarry where the pucao blanks were made, they were simply rolled, as evidenced by scratches on the surface. Already near the idol for which the hat was intended, the blank was finalized and, using a very simple method, put on the stone owner.

The natives of Easter Island built a rather gentle slide from sand and rubble, then wrapped a rope around the pukao and tied it to the idol. Pulling out the free end, they lifted the hat up a hill, where it was simply turned on its side and placed on the head of the monument.

This version has found a lot of evidence: the remnants of slides near some of the lying idols, a recess in the pukao, with which the hat is held on the head. An additional confirmation was the fact that all the idols initially stood at a slight slope to the ground. It was this slope that made it possible to put on the hat on the monument, and then straighten it, simply by removing some stones from the back of the pedestal.

This method made it possible to do without the participation of a large number of people. To set up the giants, the ancient Polynesians used their sharp mind, the laws of physics, a handful of people and a small amount of natural resources. And they left a memory of themselves for centuries.

Another unique seated moai Tukuturi.