Future perfect continuous negative sentences. Future Perfect Continuous Future perfect for a long time. Scheme of an interrogative sentence in Future Perfect

Future perfect continuous(future perfect long time) in English combines elements future (will), perfect (have been) and long (-ing) actions From the point of view of grammar, the structure of the sentence in Future perfect continuous- these are: an auxiliary verb in the form (will have been) and the form of the present participle (Present Participle) of a semantic verb, for example, doing, working ...

Future Perfect Continuous. Examples:

By Monday 1 September 2014 we’ll have been reading this book for three months. - By Monday September 1, 2014, we will be reading this book for three months now.

? Will he have been working for half an hour by the time we come back? - Before we return, will it work for half an hour?

- We will not have been swimming for two hours by that time. By then we will not be swimming for 2 hours.

Important!

1. Remember that time clauses (starting with when) are used, not.

When I finish (not I will finish) my American English course, I will have been living in Washington for over a year. When I finish my American English course, I will be living in Washington for over a year.

Marker wordsfor Future perfect continuous:

(read more about marker words in the article )

by 5 o'clock tomorrow (until 5 o'clock tomorrow), when he comes back (when he comes back), by the time he calls (until the time when he calls).

THE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The future is perfect for a long time

Affirmative form Future Perfect Continuous
+

Interrogative Future Perfect Continuous
?

Wh-?
Special questions in Future Perfect Continuous

(start with special words)

negative form
Future perfect continuous
—

Interrogative negative form
Future perfect continuous
(Speaking)
?-

Schematic structure of a sentence in Future perfect continuous can be shown like this:

+
S + will have been V + ing.

?
Will + S + have been V + ing?

Wh -?
Wh + will + S + have been V + ing?

–
S + won’t + have been V + ing.

? –
Will + S + not have been V + ing?

Won’t + S + have been V + ing?

Such a scheme for time Future perfect continuous can be printed and pasted together with others in a notebook, for example. You get a ready-made cheat sheet, where everything is short and concise.

Consuming Future Perfect Continuous

1. English time Future perfect continuous used to express a future long-term action, which will begin earlier than another future action and will still be performed at the moment of its occurrence in the future. Future perfect continuous used in Russian very rarely.

Ben will have been writing a letter for an hour when his colleague comes. Ben will be writing the letter for an hour when his colleague arrives.

2. When Future perfect continuous used before another action in the future, it expresses a cause or a result.

One of the most difficult times in English for a Russian-speaking person is Future Perfect Continuous Tense. This is due to the fact that there is simply no analogue of the future perfect long-term in Russian. In Future Perfect Continuous, we are always talking about two actions in the future, one of which will begin earlier, but will continue at the moment of the onset of the other. In Russian, this time corresponds to phrases like: "I will be working on this project for three hours by the time my colleague returns" or "At night I will already be sleeping for two hours when your plane lands." Of course, a Russian person sometimes thinks in this way, but on the whole it is not very common for us to compare two actions in the future. However, native English speakers do not refer to this time too often.

In fact, making friends with Future Perfect Continuous isn't difficult at all. After all, there are very few cases of the use of this tense in English. You just have to remember the scheme for constructing sentences with a perfect long-term future. A, which are quite easily recognizable and often intuitive, will help to accurately determine that this is exactly the tense we are talking about.

When is Future Perfect Continuous used?

As we already said, there are very few situations in which we turn to Future Perfect Continuous, and to be precise, there are only two:

1. When it comes to continuous actions, the duration of which is indicated at a certain point in the future. For example, By the time of his birthday they have been dating for 5 years. - By his birthday, they will be dating for 5 years.
2. If a long-term action that began earlier will cause a subsequent action in the future. For example, She will be tired when she gets home because she will have been traveling for over 24 hours. - She will be tired when she gets home, because by that time she has been on the road for more than 24 hours.

It is also important to learn here that if in the subordinate clause in a statement with Future Perfect Continuous there is a conjunction when (when), then we are referring not to Future Simple, but to Present Simple:

When I finish(not I "ll finish) my work she will have been sleeping for over an hour. - When I finish my work, she will be sleeping for over an hour.

How are sentences constructed in the future perfectly long time?

From the point of view of grammar, Future Perfect Continuous is a fusion of three tenses: future simple (Future Simple), perfect (Perfect) and simple long (Continuous). Therefore, in the formation of this temporary structure, elements of all three above-mentioned English times will participate. From the future Future Perfect Continuous takes the auxiliary verb will, from the perfect - have been, and from the long - the ing-ov form of the semantic verb. We can also say that we get the future perfect continuous tense by adding the auxiliary verb to be in the form of Future Perfect (will have been) to the semantic verb with the ending ing. From here we derive a simple formula for constructing an affirmative sentence in Future Perfect Continuous:

Subject + will have been + semantic verb ending ing.

Johnny will have been studying for 3 hours by the time she arrives. - Johnny will be studying for 3 hours by the time she arrives.

By the end of the year Jane will have been teaching us for 5 years. - By the end of the year, Jane will be teaching us for 5 years.

By the time she gets here, we will have been working for 12 hours. “By the time she gets here, we’ll have been working for 12 hours.

Moreover, in most often they act as circumstances of the time and are placed both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence.

The question is constructed by rearranging the subject and auxiliary verb will:

Question word (if available) + will + subject + have been + Ving?

Will they have been eating cake for 15 minutes by the time you bring them coffee? - Will they be eating cake for 15 minutes by the time you bring them coffee?

Will I have been feeling better by the time the exams start? - Will I feel better by the time the exams start?

Will I have been working for 5 hours when he finds us? - I'll be working for 5 hours already, when will he find us?

In order to express any negative thought, you need to put a negative particle not between will and have been (in the shortened version won "t):

Subject + will + not + have been + Ving.

By the end of the year Kate will not have been studying Spanish for 3 years. - By the end of this year, Keith will not be learning Spanish for three years.

By the time you bring them coffee they will not have been eating cake for 15 minutes. - By the time you bring them coffee, they will not eat the cake for 15 minutes.

We won "t have been living here for 5 years by next June. - We will not have lived here for 5 years by next June.

Future Perfect Continuous: markers

Future Perfect Continuous has markers- these are most often whole phrases, that is, rather cumbersome structures, although there are also individual words. Remembering the pointers of the future perfect long time is not difficult. In fact, the list of markers of this time includes a couple of words and several similar constructions.

Timers Future Perfect Continuous... List

• Till and until (not yet).I will have been watching TV until you come. - I'll watch TV until you come.
• for 2 (3, 4, 5 ...) hours (within / already 2, 3, 4, 5 ... hours).When you arrive, Julia will have been working for 5 hours. - When you arrive, Julia will be working for 5 hours already.
• for 2 (3, 4, 5 ...) weeks (within / already 2, 3, 4, 5 ... weeks).By the end of the summer the workers will have been constructing this swimming pool for 3 weeks. - By the end of the summer, workers will be building the pool for 3 weeks.
• for a year (2, 3, 4 ... years) - during the year (2, 3, 4 years).By the end of the year they will not have been dating for 2 years. By the end of the year, they will not be dating for 2 years.
• by the end of the hour (by the end of the hour).By the end of the hour she will have been waiting for him for 30 minutes. - By the end of the hour, she will be waiting for him for 30 minutes.
• by the end of the morning / evening (by the end of the morning / evening).By the end of the morning I will have been waiting for more than 3 hours. - By the end of the morning I will be waiting for more than 3 hours.
• by the end of the day.By the end of the day my mother will have been cooking for 5 hours. - By the end of the day, my mom will be cooking for 5 hours.
• by the end of the month (by the end of the month).By the end of the month I will have been studying English for 10 days. - By the end of the month I will be learning English for 10 days.
• by the end of the year.By the end of the year John will have been working there for 10 month. - By the end of the year, John will be working there for 10 months.

It turns out that to identify Future Perfect Continuous help guide words till / until and phrases starting with the prepositions for and by. That is, if the statement refers to the fact that by the end of a period and / or during a certain time interval actions will take place, then, most likely, we are talking about the future perfect continuous time.

Examples with Future Perfect Continuous

In order to get used to the peculiarities of this time, it is recommended to read as much as possible and compose sentences on your own. For a start, you can take ready-made examples as a model, adapting them to your life situations. When buildingFuture Perfect Continuous Index Wordsare extremely important. Without them, the proposal for the future of the perfect continued will be incomplete. By this time, we can turn to describe both ordinary situations related to work, study, leisure, and to predict some important events from the world of science and art that will happen in the future. Here are some more example sentences with Future Perfect Continuous:

1. Betsy won "t have been living in London for five years next summer. - By next summer, Betsy will not be living in London for five years.
2. By 10 o "clock Jacky will have been writing the article for 3 hours non-stop. - By 10 o'clock, Jacky will have been writing an article for three hours non-stop.
3. They won "t have been waiting for more than 3 hours when their train finally arrives. - They won't wait more than 3 hours for their train to finally arrive.
4. By the end of the month my aunt will have been living with her husband for 10 years. - By the end of the month, my aunt will be living with her husband for 10 years.
5. Next week this American scientist will have been studying the human brain for 5 years. - Next week will be 5 years since this American scientist studies the human brain.
6. For how many years will James have been taking part in the Film Festival in Moscow by that time? - How many years by that time will James take part in the film festival in Moscow?
7. When my parents come home my brother will have been talking to his friend for 3 hours. - When my parents come home, my brother will talk with his friend for 3 hours.
8. How long will you have been talking to your friend when the film starts? - How long will you talk to your friend when the movie starts?
9. She won "t have been listening to music for 2 hours when you come. - She won’t listen to music for 2 hours when you come.
10. By the end of the year people will not have been living on the moon for a year. - By the end of the year, people will not be living on the moon for a year.
11. By July I will have been studying English for five months. - By July I will be studying English for five months.
12. He will have been working at that company for 5 years when it finally closes. - He will work for this company for 5 years, when it finally closes.

In addition to the aforementioned time markers starting with the words by the end, the preposition for, and the conjunction when (when), in the examples presented, you can also notice the followingtime pointers Future Perfect Continuous, such as the adjective next, generally characteristic of the future.

It is important to understand that some sentences in Future Perfect Continuous, when literally translated into Russian, may sound ridiculous. A Russian-speaking person is unlikely to say that by the end of this month his aunt will be married to an uncle for 10 years already. After all, the same idea can be formulated much easier by informing that at the end of the month the relatives have a wedding anniversary. That is why translating phrases from Future Perfect Continuous can sometimes cause some difficulties. To avoid this, it is important to understand in what cases this time is used.

Hello, hello, my wonderful readers.

Already from the title of the article it becomes clear: Future Perfect Continuous Tense is not used by us or the British themselves especially often. But knowing him still does not hurt, because you can go to study abroad or even on some task you will come across with this time. Therefore, today we will analyze rules and examples, exercises with answers and even a test.

How is it formed

The education of time consists, perhaps, of everything that we have already learned before. Let's take a closer look:

Subject + auxiliary will \ shall + have been + predicate with –ing ending. + additions and circumstances.

We shall have been producing this range of products for 6 months by the start of the year. -Already by the beginning of the year, we will be producing this product line for 6 months.

We shall have been spending a vacation in this country for 10 th time by the middle of the year. - By the middle of the year we will be spending our vacation in this country for the 10th time.

To make this time negative, add not immediately after will or shall.

If we put an auxiliary verb at the very beginning of a sentence, then we get an interrogative sentence.

When used

The use of this time lies in one simple function: to emphasize that the action lasted. With all this, we are talking about an event that will begin in the future and continue in the future. Let's see examples of sentences with translation. Note that any example can be translated into Russian with the words: "It will be already [ 2 years, 3 months, 5 years, etc.] how..."

This time in two years I shall have been publishing books for 20 years. - At this time, in two years, I will be publishing books for 20 years.

By the start of the week we shall have been preparing this financial statement for a month. - By the beginning of the week we will be preparing this financial report for a month (By the beginning of the week it will be a month since we are preparing this financial report).

By the middle of the winter I shall have been taking part in this competition for 2 years. - By the middle of winter it will be two years since I have been taking part in this competition.

This is where the rule actually ends. This is probably why it is so rarely used. But still, this does not negate the need to properly secure it. , where you will find exercises with answers and a test. Test yourself and your knowledge and share your results and questions in the comments.

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And I say goodbye for today.

Future perfect continuous (Future perfect progressive) is formed using an auxiliary verb will(or less often shall) and Perfect Continuous Infinitive without particle to (have been+ verb in the first form with the ending - ing).

Will be used in modern English with all numbers and faces.
Shall be only used with the first person I, We(deprecated).

In modern English with all numbers and faces, only will and this is not an error. But shall can still be found in newspapers, old texts or texts during job interviews, or when entering an educational institution, fiction.

• I will have been driving for 2 hours before the moment we reach New York.“I’ll drive two hours by the time we reach New York.
• By the time of her birthday she will have been teaching French for 15 years... - For her birthday, she will be teaching French for 15 years.

• will = ‘ll (shorthand)
• shall = ‘ll
• By the end of autumn, they’ll have been dating for 2 years.- By the end of autumn, they will meet for two years.

• I’ll have been working on this project for 2 months by the end of this week.- I will be working on this project for two months by the end of this week.
• By the end of this summer she will have been studying Chinese for 4 years.- By the end of this summer, she will be studying Chinese for 4 years.
• By the time they arrive to London they will have been flying for 6 hours.“By the time they arrive in London, they will have been flying for 6 hours.
• Kate and Jack will have already been dancing for 3 hours by the time the party ends.- Kate and Jack have been dancing for 3 hours by the time the party ends.

Time markers

With time Future perfect continuous special time markers are used, which indicate how long and until what point in time in the future the action will last. They answer the question “ At what point?», « Until what point in time?". Several such time markers may be used in a sentence.

• till - before (only in negative sentences)
• until - before (only in negative sentences)

• for 2 hours - within two hours
• for 3 weeks - within three weeks
• for 1 year - within one year

• by the end of the hour - by the end of the hour
• by the end of the morning - by the end of the morning
• by the end of the day - by the end of the day
• by the end of the month - by the end of the month
• by the end of the year - by the end of the year