What are the names of words that sound similar? School encyclopedia. How do synonyms arise in a language?

Wood panels and products 17.01.2024

Wood panels and products

Words with the same root that are close in sound but do not have the same meaning (recognise - recognize, dress - put on, signature - painting) are called paronyms (from the gr. para - near, onyma - name). Paronyms, as a rule, refer to the same part of speech and perform similar syntactic functions in a sentence.

A2. In which sentence should we use COMICAL instead of the word COMIC? 1) In life, the completely comic and the completely tragic are rare. 2) The audience immediately liked Beaumarchais's comic opera. 3) The actor’s comic gesture caused laughter from the audience. 4) This clown has a COMICAL expression on his face.

1. We differentiate the lexical meanings of paronyms by selecting synonyms, antonyms or phrases. 2. We carry out a semantic analysis of sentences. 3. Determine the correct answer. We carefully read all the sentences, three of them will be somewhat similar: either the highlighted words will be directly related to the noun from which they are derived (democratic related directly to democracy, military to war, etc.), or, conversely, one of the words will be directly related to the noun, but the other three are not. But if you suddenly encounter words like subscriber, subscription, then this algorithm will no longer work. Here you will have to apply the method of elimination and logical reasoning. Note. By delimiting lexical meanings in this task, you can avoid errors associated with certain similarities in sound, morphemic structure and grammatical features of paronymous words.

Anecdotal anecdotal, artistic artistic, archaic archaic, irresponsible irresponsible, grateful grateful, swampy swampy, everyday everyday, age-old eternal, great-majestic, guilty guilty, hostile enemy, water water, military military, educational educational, shake shake, every kind, elective selective, harmonic harmonious, major capital, annual yearling, pride pride, humane humanitarian, double bifurcated, actual effective active, demonstrative demonstrative, diplomatic diplomatic, diplomat diplomat, gullible trusting, life worldly, evil malicious, banner sign, engineering engineering, information informative , information informatization, skillful artificial, stone stony, inert bone, horse horse, conservation conservation, colorful coloring, icy ice, intolerant intolerable, dangerous wary, master acquire, condemnation discussion, fearful frightened frightened, imagine provide, respectful respectable, irritation irritability, hidden secretive, tactful tactical, technical technical, lucky - successful, actual factual, master's economic.

In which sentence should we use DIPLOMANT instead of the word DIPLOMAT? 1) Leonid Ivanovich was considered a real DIPLOMAT in communicating with people around him. 2) The success of a state’s foreign policy largely depends on the experience and talent of DIPLOMATS. 3) You sound like a DIPLOMAT, but things are not going well. 4) DIPLOMATS of the Moscow Ballet Competition took part in the final concert.

Aquatic – 1) Peculiar to water, characteristic of it. 2) Living, growing in water. 3) Intended for navigation, associated with communication by water. Aquatic - 1) Living, growing in water, living on water, near water. 2) Carried out with the help of water, driven by water or the force of falling water. Designed for movement on water.

In which sentence should we use WATER instead of the word WATER? 1) Near the grassy bank, invisible flies and WATER beetles draw complex shapes on the river surface. 2) In rainy weather, the flower stores moisture and can survive on its WATER reserves for a long time. 3) WATER carnivals have become popular, especially among young people. 4) Ill-conceived reclamation has disrupted the WATER balance in our area.

1) Gregory was an unusually talented and interesting person, although he was considered an ETERNAL student. 2) Dry pine forests on the banks of the river mixed with ETERNAL oak groves, with thickets of willow, alder and aspen, 3) Polina Ivanovna hid these letters for ETERNAL storage in an antique closet. 4) The author wanted to write about the joys and difficulties of the writer’s ETERNAL work on the word, on style.

ETERNAL adj. 1) Infinite in time, having neither beginning nor end. // Time-independent, time-invariant. 2) Enduring, not ceasing to exist for many years, centuries. // Persistent for centuries. // Not limited to anything. terms, unlimited. // Lifelong, lifelong. // Immortal. // 3) Operating for a long time. 4) Constantly existing, located somewhere. in nature. 5) Constantly doing the same thing or being in the same state, position. 6) Constant, unchanging. // decomposition Constantly used (about clothing, about household items). // decomposition Constantly repeating; incessant. CENTURY adj. Living, existing, lasting for centuries, for a very long time. // Very old, ancient. // decomposition Long-standing, old.

1) Gregory was an unusually talented and interesting person, although he was considered an ETERNAL student. 2) Dry pine forests on the banks of the river mixed with ETERNAL oak groves, with thickets of willow, alder and aspen. 3) Polina Ivanovna hid these letters for ETERNAL storage in an antique closet. 4) The author wanted to write about the joys and difficulties of the writer’s ETERNAL work on the word, on style.

1) The words of a weak-willed person never turn into actions, into ACTIONS. 2) This young man is capable of noble ACTS. 3) The guys enthusiastically discussed the selfless ACTION of their classmate. 4) In former times, students were punished with soldier service for great actions.

HOSTILE adj. 1) Filled with enmity, hostility. // Expressing hostility. 2) Unkind, hostile, seeking to cause harm. // In a state of hostility; hostile, hostile. ENEMY adj. 1) Correlative in meaning. with noun: an enemy associated with him. 2) Characteristic of the enemy, characteristic of him. 3) Belonging to the enemy.

1) Oksana was ready for anything, but still did not expect such a dry, even HOSTILE reception. 2) In this capricious air there was the elegance of the south, its emphasized beauty HOSTILE to the north. 3) A HOSTILE regiment was stationed around this settlement. 4) In folk tales, animals sometimes act as a HOSTILE force that is dangerous to people.

1. In which sentence should you use VOINSKIY instead of the word MILITARY? 1) Fedorov was a MILITARY man and had a good idea of what trials lay ahead for the soldiers of his regiment. 2) For his bravery he received another MILITARY rank. 3) He experienced a lot in life, but managed to maintain a MILITARY bearing. 4) The MILITARY industry of this country is very developed.

2. In which sentence should you use BUDNEY instead of the word BUDNAL? 1) One day, on a weekday morning, my grandfather and I were shoveling snow in the yard. 2) From one EVERYDAY environment it would be necessary to drag her into another that is the same or even more monotonous and boring. 3) This artist devotes significant space to depicting the EVERYDAY side of war. 4) “So we have arrived home,” the captain said in a different, everyday voice.

3. In which sentence should we use SUBSCRIBER instead of the word SUBSCRIPTION? 1) I found an expired library subscription that was lost six months ago. 2) SUBSCRIPTIONS of the telephone network are required to pay for the services of the station. 3) We purchased SUBSCRIPTIONS to the museum for a series of lectures on Russian painting of the 19th century. 4) Sale of SUBSCRIPTIONS to the swimming pool is open.

4. In which sentence should we use EFFECTIVE instead of the word EFFECTIVE? 1) The circus performers developed an EFFECTIVE trick for the performance. 2) Countess Orlova, an EFFECTIVE woman, always attracted the attention of others. 3) The reader’s performance was memorable and EFFECTIVE. 4) In addition to surgery, doctors suggested other EFFECTIVE methods of treatment.

5. In which sentence should we use LONG instead of the word LONG? 1) LONG sleeves of clothing prevented a person from working. 2) The LONG alley ended in a dead end. 3) The awkward LONG guy immediately attracted the attention of the commission. 4) His vacation turned out to be LONG and interesting.

1. Words that are close in lexical meaning, but different in sound - SYNONYMS 2. The branch of the science of language that studies a word and its meaning - LEXICA 3. Words that are similar in sound, but different in lexical meaning - HOMONYMS 4. The basic unit of language, possessing form and content - WORD 5. Words that are opposite in lexical meaning - ANTONYMS 6. Words denoting objects and phenomena that do not exist in our time - HISTORISM 7. Words that were replaced by synonyms in the process of language development - ARCHAISMS 8. Stable combinations of words having a holistic meaning - PHRASEOLOGISTS

In one meaning it is a synonym for the word flaw, in another it is a synonym for the word deficiency. One of the antonyms of the word light and a homonym of the word denoting a large number. In one meaning it is a synonym for the word unique, in another it is an antonym for the word thick. In one sense the antonym of the word close, in another the synonym of the word sweeping. An antonym of the word severity and a homonym of the word denoting a fur-bearing animal. A synonym for the word language and a homonym for a word denoting one of the parts of speech. A synonym for the word forest and a homonym for the word denoting a drill, auger. A noun that can refer to clothing and to a river in different meanings. A noun that can refer to a weapon, a mine, or a tree in different meanings.

Chichikov's purchases caused more trouble for officials. Igor held a sword in his right hand. Onegin was threatened with ruin. Turning near a huge boulder, we walked along an open rock valley to the mouth of the river. Your grief is not grief..., it’s a matter of life,” said the old man. Dual standards do not apply in politics...

II. The main stage of work

Goal: development of phonemic awareness.

Differentiation of words that sound similar:

Game "The toy is wrong"

Equipment: child’s favorite toy.

Description of the game: the speech therapist explains to the child that his favorite toy heard that he knows a lot of words. She asks him to teach him how to pronounce them. The toy has difficulty hearing, so it asks to pronounce words clearly and loudly. She tries to imitate the child in the pronunciation of words, but sometimes she replaces one sound with another or calls another word. The child listens more carefully to words and corrects mistakes.

This game can be offered as part of an individual lesson on the development of phonemic awareness.

Game "Attentive Ears".