Useful products list for patients with gastritis. What can you eat with gastritis? What can you eat with gastritis, a list of products

The stomach is the most "delicate" organ of the human digestive system, which is often prone to damage. At the same time, the most complex processes of digestion take place in it: food is mixed and chemically broken down, nutrients are absorbed. The internal mucous membrane of the stomach is damaged especially often, which leads to dysfunction of the organ. To avoid unpleasant symptoms and dangerous diseases of the stomach, we will talk about the most useful products for gastritis. After all, proper nutrition will not only help reduce pain, but is also a good prevention of an unpleasant stomach disease.

What is gastritis

With gastritis, the mucous layer of the stomach becomes inflamed, which leads to poor digestion of food. Lack of strength, loss of energy, heartburn, stomach pain, bad breath, nausea are not the most dangerous consequences of the disease, the chronic form of gastritis, for example, is fraught with atrophy of the mucous membrane, which can lead to ulcers and other dangerous diseases of the stomach. There are several types of gastritis. Erosive, atrophic, hypertrophic, with increased or decreased secretory function - each of them corresponds to certain symptoms. When choosing a diet, you need to find out what kind of gastritis you are prone to.

Properly formulated diet is of great importance for the health of the digestive system. With gastritis, it is necessary to exclude the most harmful foods, and eat the most healthy foods. It is important to note that the term "proper nutrition" is used here in the narrow sense of the necessary nutrition for a patient with gastritis. PP in the broadest sense of the word, the diet that people who lead a healthy lifestyle use, differs from the set of products needed for people prone to gastritis. For example, with this disease, you can not eat many vegetables, some fruits, foods rich in fiber. But we will talk about this in more detail in the corresponding section.

With the manifestation of the first, even minor signs of gastritis, you need to consult a doctor so that he prescribes treatment and diet. Often doctors with gastritis are advised to use which is unusually high for the stomach. The use of water must be agreed with the attending physician, since the same type of liquid can benefit a patient with chronic gastritis, and harm someone who has an acute form of stomach disease.

The most useful animal products for the stomach with gastritis

The most useful products for gastritis can stop the development of the disease, strengthen the body, relieve symptoms and pain that interfere with an active lifestyle. With gastritis, it is very important not to let the disease progress, otherwise, as we have already said, even more dangerous diseases of the stomach may occur.

In the list of useful products for gastritis, fish takes pride of place. It is easily digestible, it contains many useful vitamins, micro and macro elements, acids and other substances. Fish is very useful not only for the digestive system, but also for the whole organism. The product should be eaten boiled or steamed. If there is an allergy to fish, it will have to be abandoned.

Rabbit meat, especially baked and stewed, has a beneficial effect on the digestive system. It is well digested, supplies the body with important substances and brings satiety, while not burdening the stomach. Can be cooked with white sauce.

Eggs are also a useful product for gastritis, but only cooked in a certain way. Steamed or soft-boiled eggs are an important part of the diet. The body is saturated with protein, vitamins and trace elements.

Milk should be drunk by people with gastritis. Easily digestible proteins, calcium, vitamins A, B, E contained in the product will positively affect the condition of the stomach. Milk also contains enzymes that help protect the stomach lining from germs. This product is useful for gastritis and stomach ulcers. Milk will help with heartburn and nausea. Not only milk itself must be consumed by people prone to gastritis, kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt. Milk should be drunk warm, and porridge should be prepared on its basis.

Useful cereals for gastritis

Rice contains many vegetable proteins, it is a source of slow carbohydrates and a storehouse of vitamins. Rice porridge or soup will protect the stomach lining from irritation. But it is important to remember that rice has a fixing function, so if you are prone to constipation, this product should be eaten carefully.

Oatmeal is perhaps the first product that comes to mind at the mention of gastritis. This is really an incredibly healthy food for people with this stomach disease. Many useful vitamins, acids and trace elements do their job. The viscous structure of oatmeal porridge protects the gastric mucosa. Using oatmeal for gastritis, you can relieve pain, nausea. Kissel made from oatmeal will also be very useful. But you should not buy instant cereal, you need a product that requires long processing.

What vegetables and fruits are good for gastritis

Bananas are incredibly helpful. This is not only a storehouse of vitamins, a source of potassium and magnesium, it is a product that helps to cure gastritis, and, no less important, its prevention. They have an enveloping ability, protect the walls of the stomach, have a calming effect on irritation, and relieve nausea.

Apples are also useful for gastritis, but not all varieties and not in any form. This fruit helps the digestion process, cleanses the intestines, and helps eliminate constipation. Baked apples and fruit puree are useful for various types of gastritis. But apples should not be sour varieties.

If you want to eat apples fresh and raw, you should consult a doctor. He will determine what type of gastritis the patient is susceptible to, and in accordance with this he will recommend a variety of apples.

The benefits of zucchini for patients with gastritis are incredibly high. They cleanse the body, are easily digested and saturate the body. You need to use the product in a stew.

Boiled and baked potatoes are also useful for gastritis. The main thing is that the potatoes are not fried, which will only add discomfort. It is extremely important to observe special ones, which you can read about in a special article.

Gastritis is an inflammatory process that forms in the stomach lining. It occurs as a result of the use of low-quality products, frequent stress and weakening of the protective properties of the body.

This is a disease that affects every second inhabitant of the planet. It affects people of all ages. It can be both in childhood and in adulthood.

Most do not follow a diet for gastritis and do not take any medication during remission. But there is a danger that this disease can turn into a stomach ulcer or even oncology.

It is necessary to decide which foods for gastritis and they can be eaten in unlimited quantities. This will help reduce the risk of worsening the disease.

Due to the fact that people rarely pay attention to gastritis of the stomach and take the necessary measures, this disease very quickly flows into the chronic stage.

Main Symptoms

Symptoms that indicate gastritis can be easily identified. But only a doctor can accurately establish the diagnosis after the diagnosis.

It is necessary to pass a series of studies in order to determine and correctly diagnose.

1. "Hungry" pain in gastritis with high acidity. In the morning after a person woke up, he wants to eat something, in parallel there are painful sensations. Such pains also appear between meals.
2. Heartburn. Sometimes it can be so intense that a person cannot even straighten his back.
3. Lack of immunity.
4. Dull pains in the region of the stomach.
5. Feeling of heaviness after eating.

Gastritis with low acidity

What should be consumed? The difference between high and low acidity lies in the number of approaches to eating food. You need to eat four times a day.

What can you eat with gastritis, a list of products:

1. Lemon juice (it is used as an additive in salads).
2. Salt, cinnamon.
3. Pasta.
4. Milk products.
5. Eggs. They are consumed either raw or cooked. Fried foods should be excluded from your diet.
6. A fish.
7. Boiled meat.
8. Vegetable oil. You can use olive or sunflower oil.
9. Butter, but non-greasy.
10. Vegetables boiled or steamed. You can also use them, pre-grate.
11. Jelly.
12. Fruit, only boiled or cooked in the oven.
13. Boiled meat.
14. In order to improve nutrition, it is advisable to drink water with a teaspoon of honey in the morning on an empty stomach.
15. Drinking tea or coffee with milk is good for the body.
16. Juices of their vegetables and fruits. But there is one caveat - these drinks must be consumed before meals.

There is also a list of products that are strictly forbidden for people with low acidity, but allowed for high acidity.

A diet with this pathology of the stomach cannot consist of products that can harm health.

1. Fatty, fried, smoked.
2. Legumes.
3. Vinegar.
4. Various hot spices.
5. Hard-skinned fruits have a negative effect on the stomach.
6. Chocolate.
7. Mustard.
8. Alcoholic drinks.
9. Carbonated drinks.
10. Grilled meat.
11. Cabbage, radish, radish.
12. Potato.
13. Any flour products.

A diet, subject to all the rules, will help restore the stomach within a couple of weeks. But in the presence of a disease, it is necessary that the diet be followed by a person for life.

The unpleasant symptoms of this disease cease. A menu designed to restore the body, with gastritis with low or high acidity, will help you not feel hungry.

Menu

It is necessary to draw up the menu especially carefully. It is desirable that a sick person is helped by his attending physician.

For example, there is such a diet:

• Early breakfast. It is desirable that it be no later than an hour after the person woke up. It could be buckwheat. You can replace oatmeal, which is cooked in the evening. To do this, you need to take 3 tablespoons of oatmeal, 2 tablespoons of milk and 1 - honey.
• Late breakfast. The most important thing with gastritis is that a person should not be hungry during the day. At the second breakfast, you need to eat a couple of baked apples. You can additionally put a couple of teaspoons of cottage cheese in the core of an apple.
• Dinner. It can be a vegetable or meat soup, but it is advisable not to season it. Steamed meat is also suitable. Additionally, you can make juice from freshly squeezed fruits and vegetables.
• After some time, in order not to feel hungry, you need to drink herbal tea with milk and black bread crumbs.
• Dinner. Suitable vegetable stew. Fruit juice.
• Before going to bed for an hour, you need to drink a glass of milk, preferably warm. From sweets, you can use honey or marshmallows.

There is a list of allowed or prohibited products, which for each person individually can be determined only by the attending physician.

Another important method of rehabilitation therapy is the intake of large amounts of water.

For example, an adult should consume about two liters per day. Calculation for 10 kg of weight 300 grams of water.

Products for gastritis with high acidity

During exacerbations, it is necessary to eliminate foods from the diet that can increase the amount of juice secreted by the stomach.

When determining this disease, it is necessary:

1. Eating should be done at least once every three hours.
2. There is only warm food. Cold or hot food can harm the stomach lining.
3. You need to eat only in a calm home environment.
4. It will help to avoid heartburn if you drink 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 1 glass of water in the morning. Additionally, while eating, you must carefully chew each piece.
5. It is necessary to eat boiled or steamed food.
6. Dairy products are allowed.
7. Fruits can only be eaten raw, boiled or steamed in a slow cooker.
8. Diet sausages or sausage.
9. Meat, but poultry must first be cleaned of skin.
10. Pasta, but only hard varieties.
11. Coffee with milk.

What not to eat:

1. Spices and condiments.
2. Flour products, especially fresh.
3. Cakes with rich cream.
4. Hard cheeses.
5. Salo.
6. Fatty fish.

What do children need to eat

Unfortunately, such a disease as gastritis can be familiar not only to adults, but also to children. This is due to the fact that they stop eating in the canteen and start buying forbidden foods for themselves.

To maintain the body and prevent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it is desirable to use dietary supplements. They need to be eaten throughout the day.

It is desirable that the doctor decides which specific drugs to take individually for the child's body.

Children need to be taught from an early age to the "culture" of the table and proper nutrition. They also need to replenish their body with the necessary amount of water.

The child should have a varied diet. These are various cereals, cream soup, vegetable stew, soup puree. Instead of tea and coffee, which are sold in grocery stores, compotes from fresh berries, decoctions are better.

Reduce the amount of sweets and fast-digesting carbohydrates and replace them with fruits or vegetables cooked in a slow cooker.

Allowed foods for stomach ulcers and gastritis with high acidity

Both gastric ulcer and gastritis are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. They have similar symptoms, so the recovery technique is the same.

First of all, it is necessary to abandon the forbidden vegetables and fruits.

What can you eat with gastritis, list:

1. Soups grated.
2. Lean meats.
3. Skimmed milk.
4. It is necessary to give preference to cereals. It can be wheat, rice, semolina or oatmeal.
5. You can eat vegetables.
6. Croutons of their black bread.

Prohibited Products:

1. Eating spicy, smoked, fried and salty foods.
2. You can not use preservation and various marinades.
3. Puff pastry.
4. Drink coffee only as a last resort, it is advisable to dilute it with milk.
5. Flour products, especially if they were just cooked and still warm.
6. Grape. You can additionally give and bloating.
7. Cabbage, and in any manifestation. Fried or sauerkraut can lead to serious consequences of disrupting the digestive system.
8. Legumes.

The menu that must be observed to eliminate acute symptoms of gastritis

There is a menu that can alleviate the suffering of a sick person. It can be slightly modified according to the individual characteristics of the organism.

• Breakfast. Cottage cheese, steamed in a slow cooker. You can add bananas, apples, raisins. It is only necessary to remove the skin from the apple and other selected fruits.
• Dinner. Vegetable soup with chicken. The skin must be removed from the meat. Cabbage should not be used in vegetable soup. Tea with milk or compote from fresh berries.
• Dinner. Mashed potatoes, cutlets of meat or fish. A couple of hours before bedtime, you need to drink oatmeal broth.

Diet for gastritis with erosions on the walls of the stomach

The appearance of erosions on the walls of the stomach is an advanced stage of development in gastritis. Erosions are dead areas of the stomach.

Gradually, it can develop into atrophic gastritis.

The walls of the stomach become thinner, the number of enzymes that are secreted by internal organs decreases.

The diet for these two diseases is absolutely identical. It is necessary to combine the intake of drugs and be sure to eat right for gastritis, with the exception of the following products:

1. Hot strong coffee. Sour vegetables and fruits.
2. Alcoholic drinks.
3. Carbonated drinks.
4. Dark chocolate and ice cream.
5. Condiments and spices.
6. Lots of preservatives.
7. Diet meals.
8. Eggs in any form, but not fried. Kissel from fresh fruits.

1. Food with gastritis is not salty.
2. It is important for gastritis to consume a lot of vitamins.
3. If possible, add greens to most dishes.
4. Food should be thoroughly chewed to reduce the burden on the stomach with gastritis.
5. The first time with gastritis, you need to eat food in the form of slurry, that is, first grind it on a grater or blender.
6. For successful treatment, the first time with acute gastritis, a diet is necessary.
7. In order not to complain about pain in gastritis, it is advisable to follow the rules of nutrition throughout the day.

Useful video

Every year the number of people suffering from gastritis and other inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract increases. These pathologies significantly reduce the quality of life of the patient and are characterized by a constant pain syndrome. Adequate treatment and further lifestyle changes can prevent the recurrence of the disease for many years or even forever. Compliance with a diet consisting of products suitable for the patient's body is an essential component of the treatment and prevention of gastritis.

This term is usually called an acute or chronic inflammatory process in the mucous membrane lining the walls of the stomach. To some extent, more than 70% of people suffer from this pathology.

Usually, gastritis is treated as a mild form of SARS, and rarely seek medical help. It is believed that the disease does not cause any harm and can go away on its own. Unfortunately, this position is a serious misconception, since untreated gastritis and stomach ulcers sooner or later lead to the development of stomach cancer.

Causes of gastritis

According to the World Health Organization, the microorganism Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of gastritis and stomach ulcers. According to statistics, more than half of the world's population is infected with this bacterium. For a long time, the infection goes unnoticed, without causing any symptoms. It is Helicobacter pylori that has a carcinogenic effect on the cells of the stomach.

However, in addition to infectious causes, there are other factors predisposing to the development of the disease. These include:

1. Improper nutrition. People suffering from gastritis often abuse spicy, salty, smoked and fatty foods. Such food irritates the gastric mucosa and creates an ideal environment for the reproduction of Helicobacter.
2. Smoking. Few people know that poisonous tobacco smoke gets not only into the lungs, but also into the stomach. Hundreds of carcinogens settle on the tissues of the stomach, constantly irritating it.
3. Alcohol abuse. Ethanol is also a poison to the human body and causes inflammation of the mucous membranes.
4. Stress and increased load on the body. It has been proven that excessive production of the stress hormone cortisol can lead to gastritis and stomach ulcers.

Symptoms

A patient can suspect a disease by a number of unpleasant symptoms, which become more pronounced as gastritis progresses. These include:

1. Sharp or burning pain in the epigastrium.
2. Attacks of nausea or even vomiting, both before and after eating.
3. Chair disorders.

There is a questionnaire that determines the need to consult a gastroenterologist. If the patient answers “yes” more than 4 times, be sure to visit a specialist.

Symptom Self-Assessment Questionnaire

Important! You should not make a diagnosis yourself, as similar symptoms can develop due to other diseases, some of which require prompt medical intervention up to surgery.

Diet

A diet with a reliably established diagnosis of gastritis should be made only by a qualified gastroenterologist who is familiar with the patient's medical history and knows what concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and other organs and systems he suffers from.

The diet depends on what kind of gastritis the patient has. Experts distinguish two main types of gastritis:

1. With high acidity.
2. With reduced acidity.

1. Meals should be fractional, and breaks between meals should not exceed 3-4 hours. The patient is advised to eat 5-6 times a day in small portions. One serving of food should fit in two palms. Both overeating and a long feeling of hunger are unacceptable.
2. All food you eat must be thoroughly chewed. Each piece of food should be chewed at least 15-20 times.
3. After eating, a short (up to half an hour) rest is required.
4. It is not recommended to eat too hot or too cold food, as this can aggravate the inflammatory process.
5. The amount of water drunk per day should be at least one and a half liters. It is advisable to drink water little by little at regular intervals.
6. The amount of protein entering the body must be increased, since it is protein (especially animal) that is the “building material” with which the affected areas of the mucous membrane are restored.
7. The food should be homogeneous and not contain any sharp elements (seeds, peel).
8. Steam cooking is preferred, but boiled and baked foods are allowed.
9. Alcohol, coffee, energy drinks should be completely excluded.
10. It is useful to take vitamin complexes that will replenish the missing substances in the body and strengthen the nervous system.

Gastritis with high acidity and nutrition

With this type of gastritis, an excess amount of hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach and the pH increases. It is involved in the process of digestion, breaking down the food that enters the stomach. With its excess, the walls of the stomach are irritated, which ultimately leads to inflammation, erosion, and even an ulcer. Most often, such gastritis occurs in people under the age of 25 years. Rare cases of the disease in young children.

A patient with increased secretion of gastric juice is given a diet taking into account the pathogenesis of the disease, that is, one that can reduce the rate of production of hydrochloric acid and neutralize it.

Important! Self uncontrolled treatment with antacids is not allowed.

There are three main principles of nutrition for gastritis with high pH:

1. It is recommended to completely exclude from the diet any products that can cause mechanical damage to the walls of the esophagus or stomach. These include foods containing fiber and other traumatic elements (baked goods with unprocessed cereals, bran, hard vegetables and fruits, river fish, meat with a lot of veins and small bones).
2. Avoid foods and drinks that directly increase pH and produce hydrochloric acid. Such products include alcohol, carbonated drinks, oranges and lemons, pickled canned food, coffee.
3. It is advisable to constantly monitor the temperature of consumed food and drinks. Not only high, but also too low a temperature can aggravate inflammation of the mucous membrane. The optimum temperature is considered to be not lower than 20 and not 70 degrees.

Important! If the patient is faced with an acute form of gastritis, it is necessary to adhere to the strictest sparing diet for at least 14 days. This will allow the tissues to recover and reduce inflammation. Usually, on the 3rd-4th day of the diet, in combination with drug therapy, pain and dyspepsia disappear, the patient begins to experience significant relief.

You are allowed to eat the following foods and dishes:

1. Clear chicken broth with black crackers or ground barley, oatmeal.
2. Soups based on milk with the addition of a small amount of durum wheat pasta.
3. Potato cooked in a double boiler without adding salt (only a young root vegetable is suitable).
4. Low-fat milk in small quantities to prevent intestinal upset due to an excess of lactose.

When the crisis has passed, the menu can be expanded.

Important! Products are added gradually, observing the individual reaction of the body. You should not add several products in one day, as this will not allow you to understand which of them the body has reacted poorly to.

In moderation, doctors allow you to eat:

1. Boiled or baked eggs (proteins are considered more useful, and it is better to remove the yolks, as they contain a large amount of fat).
2. Diet boiled or baked without salt and spices meat of chicken, rabbit, calf, tongue (it is better to remove the skin beforehand).
3. Low-fat fish or seafood, which include a large amount of Omega-3 (carp, mackerel, pollock, shrimp, squid, mussels).
4. Boiled milk of any fat content.
5. Boiled cereals - barley, millet, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice, bulgur (except semolina).
6. Seasonal vegetables (beets, carrots, potatoes, green and bean beans, zucchini, pumpkins).
7. Fruits in crushed form after the main meal (bananas, sweet apples, peaches).
8. Milk sausage and sausages from natural ingredients of the highest quality.
9. Natural refined and unrefined oils (preferably olive and sunflower).
10. Dumplings and manti (preferably homemade).
11. Liver and other offal (heart, stomachs, lungs).
12. Soft cheese (ricotta, mascarpone).
13. High quality natural honey.
14. Weak teas from fresh herbs saturated with vitamins (mint, chamomile, thyme).

The consumption of fast carbohydrates is reduced to a minimum, so confectionery, fresh pastries from white wheat flour, sweets and chocolate are not eaten. Dairy products can also adversely affect the course of the disease. It is very important to stop chewing gum, as constant chewing gives the brain a false signal that food has entered the stomach. The body begins to actively produce gastric juice, which irritates the affected walls of the stomach.

Gastritis with low acidity and nutrition

In this case, the production of hydrochloric acid, on the contrary, decreases. Food is no longer processed properly and enters the intestines undigested. This leads to a malfunction of not only the stomach, but the entire digestive tract. Gastritis with low acidity usually affects mature people over 40. Often, low secretion is accompanied by atrophy of the mucous membrane lining the stomach. This means that the tissues become thinner and lose their ability to perform their natural functions. Atrophic gastritis with low acidity is the most dangerous inflammatory disease of the stomach and is considered precancerous.

The diet for this pathology should be aimed at stimulating the production of gastric juice, which means that the patient needs to consume foods that increase secretion.

Important! Despite the fact that alcohol, fast food, fatty and spicy foods do an excellent job of this task, they are still banned due to their strong irritant effect.

1. Before eating, you should drink 250 ml of slightly carbonated mineral water.
2. Eating should last at least half an hour.
3. After each meal, it is recommended to eat 150-200 grams of baked fruits (apples or pears).

The menu of a patient with hypoacid gastritis should consist of:

1. Lean meat and fish (chicken, beef, rabbit, turkey).
2. Cooked and fresh vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, salads, zucchini, eggplant, corn, peas, beans).
3. Fatty broths.
4. White and cauliflower.
5. Oranges and lemons (no more than 1 fruit per day).
6. Small amount of carbohydrates (pasta, bread, sweets).
7. Freshly squeezed juices from vegetables and fruits.
8. Fermented milk products (kefir, fermented baked milk, yogurt, cottage cheese, sour cream, koumiss, tan).
9. Canned foods (pickled cucumbers, tomatoes, lecho).
10. Strong black and green tea.

5 4.2

A diet for gastritis of the stomach makes it possible to obtain a therapeutic effect without the possibility of drug treatment, which favorably affects other organs and systems.

Nutrition for gastritis or stomach ulcers depends on acidity, the degree of damage to the mucous membrane, and the presence of other diseases. Therefore, before compiling a diet, it is better to conduct a gastroscopy of the upper digestive section.

A diet for gastritis is a balance between the most gentle and complete food. At the same time, food intake should be regular - you need to eat little and often, because. It is easier for a sick stomach to cope with a small amount of food.

What can you eat with acute gastritis?

• In the first day, it is better to abstain from food altogether. You can and should drink, but only cool tea, mineral water without gases.
• Starting from the second day, it is necessary to include kissels, liquid cereals (preferably oatmeal), liquid mashed potatoes in water, soft-boiled eggs in the diet.

Such a strict diet is designed for a period of exacerbation of the disease and in the future the diet should be gradually expanded. People with reduced acid production need to eat more foods that increase the release of hydrochloric acid, and those who have increased acid production - on the contrary.

Foods that weakly stimulate the secretion of gastric juice

• Drinking water, mineral water without gas, weak tea;
• cottage cheese, sugar, fresh white bread;
• well-cooked meat and fresh fish;
• mashed vegetables (potatoes, cauliflower, turnips, carrots);
• not very strong vegetable soups, as well as cereals.

Foods that strongly stimulate the production of gastric juice

• all alcoholic and carbonated drinks;
• coffee, fat-free cocoa;
• well-salted dishes;
• egg yolk;
• strong, rich meat broths;
• black bread;
• canned food;
• various spices;
• everything fried, smoked, marinated.

The speed of food passage

Also, to facilitate the work of the stomach, it is not necessary to take liquid and solid food at the same time. For example, after you have eaten porridge for breakfast, it is better to drink tea no earlier than 1.5 hours later. It is not yet recommended to combine foods rich in protein (meat, cottage cheese, milk) with foods rich in carbohydrates (flour, potatoes). The food eaten itself affects the motor activity of the stomach, that is, the time during which food is transported from the stomach to the intestines.

Liquid and mushy food leaves the stomach faster than solid food. And especially raisins and prunes remain in the stomach for a long time. Therefore, during the first 2 months from the onset of an exacerbation of gastritis, it is better not to eat them.

Carbohydrates are removed from the stomach faster, proteins are removed more slowly, and fats remain the longest. Fats have little effect on the secretion of gastric juice, but they increase the time during which food is in the stomach, since fats are difficult to break down. Therefore, during the period of exacerbation, it is better to refuse fats (a little vegetable oil is allowed, about 2 tsp per day).

The longer food stays in the stomach, the more hydrochloric acid is released.

It should also be borne in mind that it is difficult for a sick stomach to cope with coarse fiber, which is abundant in white cabbage, turnips, radishes, apple peels, berries with coarse skins (gooseberries, currants, grapes, dates), as well as in wholemeal bread.

Features of the diet with low acidity

At the beginning of the exacerbation of the disease, a strict diet is observed. The purpose of the diet is to reduce inflammation. And only then you can gradually begin to stimulate the secretion of gastric juice.

What can you eat and drink with low acidity?

• Weak tea, you can with milk;
• water with lemon and sugar;
• white crackers;
• diluted cream;
• cracker;
• a little butter;
• fresh cottage cheese;
• scrambled eggs;
• steam omelets;
• vegetable, fruit and pea soups;
• cereals, boiled soft meat;
• lean boiled fish;
• steam cutlets;
• boiled chicken;
• pasta;
• greens and vegetables in the form of mashed potatoes (sorrel and spinach are excluded);
• sweet varieties of berries (raspberries and strawberries);
• sweet mashed fruits and jam;
• kissels, compotes;
• berry and fruit non-acidic juices;
• mild cheeses.

This diet is observed for about 3 weeks, depending on how you feel. Under its influence, inflammation decreases, pain disappears. And when the severity of the process subsided, you can begin to gradually stimulate the formation of hydrochloric acid. This must be done gradually. Start cooking stronger meat broths, it’s not bad to cut herrings and pickles for dinner. If possible, make a caviar sandwich. It is good to drink half a glass of diluted lemon juice half an hour before meals.

You can eat fried foods, but you need to fry without breading (do not roll in egg and breadcrumbs). From herbs at this time, start taking bitterness. They enhance appetite and taste sensations. The food should still be well cooked, wiped. It is also recommended to treat gastritis with koumiss. Therefore, if possible, drink koumiss from mare's milk. Well stimulates gastric secretion and kvass. But you should not get carried away with it, because it can enhance the processes of gas formation. You can drink coffee, but not more than 1 cup a day.

What is forbidden to eat and drink with low acidity?

• Spicy dishes;
• fresh bread;
• sweet pies;
• fatty and sinewy meat;
• whole milk;
• products with coarse fiber (cabbage, raisins, prunes).

With further expansion of the diet, stronger tea, cocoa, kefir are allowed. Be sure to listen to your feelings. After a steady improvement in the general condition (usually 2-2.5 months after the onset of the disease), the diet expands so much that you can eat almost everything, with the exception of: smoked meat, fatty meats and fish, lard. Also, do not abuse spices, salt, cabbage, grapes. For breakfast and lunch, there must be hot dishes, and for dinner you can eat 20% of everything eaten during the day.

Sample menu for the period of exacerbation

• Breakfast: oatmeal and weak tea with milk.
• Lunch: baked apple.
• Dinner: broth with meatballs; steam meat cutlet with buckwheat porridge; compote.
• Dinner: vegetable puree; fresh cottage cheese, you can with jam.
• For the night: a glass of kefir with white crackers.

Features of the diet with normal or high acidity

In the first 2 weeks after the exacerbation, the diet is almost the same as for gastritis with low acidity. But in this case, it is better to consume more whole milk and dairy products, since milk can normalize high acidity.

Milk. Some people cannot drink milk. Sometimes it causes bloating, diarrhea, etc. In such cases, at the beginning of treatment, it is better to take diluted milk, that is, add it to tea. Milk should always be warm and should be drunk little by little. If these measures do not help, then milk is replaced with mucous soups.

Method for preparing slimy soups

25 g of flour or cereals, preferably oatmeal, in 600 ml of water are put on fire and boiled until the soup boils down to 250-300 ml. Then rub it through a sieve, put 1 boiled yolk, you can add cream, and add 15 g of butter before serving.

All food should be pureed, chopped, warm. To expand the diet after 1.5-2 weeks, choose those foods that have little effect on the secretion of gastric juice. Broths should be weak. To do this, the meat is placed in a piece in boiling salted water. The principle of frequent and fractional meals is also preserved. From meat it is best to cook meatballs and dumplings.

What can you eat and drink during an acute period?

• Crackers from white bread, soups on a slimy broth with the addition of mashed cereals;
• egg-milk mixtures;
• cutlets, meatballs, dumplings, soufflés from lean meats, poultry and fish, steamed or boiled in water;
• mashed milk porridges from different cereals, except for millet;
• soft-boiled egg, steam omelette, kissels, jelly, juices from sweet fruits and berries;
• sugar; honey;
• milk, cream;
• freshly prepared cottage cheese with milk and sugar;
• cottage cheese casseroles;
• tea with milk and cream;
• rosehip broth with sugar.

The diet should be rich in proteins, since they serve as the material for the restoration of stomach cells.

Egg- this is an excellent and affordable source of animal protein for the body, since the composition of egg protein is close to the proteins of the tissue of our body and is well absorbed. It is better to eat soft-boiled eggs and in a bag, as hard-boiled eggs linger in the stomach for a long time.

In place of fresh black bread is better to eat oven dried breadcrumbs, since when dried in the oven, they turn out tender and crumbly. It is very important to add vegetable oil to food, as it accelerates the healing of various lesions of the gastric mucosa, which are so frequent in this type of gastritis.

What is forbidden to eat and drink with normal or increased acidity?

From the diet should be excluded:

• pickles, marinades, hot spices;
• rich meat and fish soups;
• fried foods;
• dairy products;
• coffee;
• black bread;
• salt;
• alcoholic drinks.

Sample menu for the period of exacerbation:

• Breakfast: steam omelet; oatmeal mashed milk; tea with milk.
• Lunch: milk with cracker.
• Dinner: carrot-potato puree soup; meat cutlets steamed with mashed potatoes; fruit jelly.
• afternoon tea: milk.
• Dinner: boiled fish with carrot-beet puree; tea with milk.
• For the night: milk.

An important role in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic gastritis is played by dietary nutrition. During the period of exacerbation of the disease, manifested by increased pain and dyspeptic disorders, the principle of mechanical, chemical and thermal sparing is of great importance.

Meals should be fractional, 5-6 times a day, food - moderately hot, carefully mechanically processed.

In chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, diet 2 is prescribed. In this case, the food should be physiologically complete, varied in composition and contain foods that stimulate gastric acid secretion and improve appetite, often reduced in such patients.

• soups in fat-free fish or meat broth;
• lean meats and fish;
• dill, parsley;
• soaked herring;
• black caviar.

Patients are also allowed:

• stale rye bread (with good tolerance);
• boiled;
• stewed and baked vegetables;
• crumbly cereals on water or with the addition of milk;
• scrambled eggs;
• mild cheeses;
• lean ham;
• fruit and vegetable juices;
• soft apples.

• fatty meats and fish;
• spicy and salty dishes;
• cold drinks;
• fresh white and black bread;
• fresh sweet dough products;
• a large number of cabbage and grapes.

Milk. Patients suffering from chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency often do not tolerate whole milk. In such cases, acidic dairy products (kefir, yogurt), cottage cheese (fresh or in the form of a casserole, pudding) can be recommended.

When dieting, we take into account the general condition of the gastrointestinal tract

When choosing a particular diet, it is necessary to take into account concomitant diseases of the pancreas, gallbladder, and intestines. So, with a tendency to diarrhea, diet 4 is prescribed, in the presence of symptoms of chronic cholecystitis or pancreatitis - diet 5 with the exclusion of whole milk and the restriction of fresh vegetables and fruits.

The duration of dietary treatment is determined individually.

The basic principles of a particular diet, patients must comply with for many years.

Form and course of the disease

Nutrition for gastritis depends on the form and course of the disease. In acute gastritis and chronic exacerbation, a strict diet is indicated (see diet for hyperacid gastritis), in the remission phase of chronic gastritis, the diet can be expanded. With any type of gastritis, alcohol, smoking, fried, fatty, spicy foods are categorically excluded.

What can you eat with hyperacid gastritis

• Lean meats in boiled form: chicken, pigeon, rabbit. It is recommended to pass the meat through a meat grinder several times or carefully and slowly chew it.
• Low-fat varieties of fish: cod, hake, pink salmon;
• Vegetable puree, grated vegetables: potatoes, carrots, beets, young peas;
• Fruit purees, jelly, compotes: strawberries, raspberries, apples;
• Porridges that boil well in water (semolina, oatmeal, rice)
• Milk, fresh low-fat cottage cheese;
• Freshly prepared cabbage juice;
• It is recommended to take alkaline mineral waters (Borjomi): one glass an hour before meals.
• It is necessary to pay special attention to the intake of protein foods - proteins serve as a scaffold for the formation of new cells.

All food should be minimally seasoned and salted. Eating is carried out in small portions at regular intervals (5-6 times a day).

With hypoacid gastritis (gastritis with low acidity, atrophic gastritis), an important point in the diet is to stimulate gastric secretion.

Meals should be carried out at certain hours (a strict meal schedule normalizes the process of secretion of gastric juice). Food should cause a feeling of appetite, it should be taken in a relaxed atmosphere, without haste. Thorough chewing of food is important: on the one hand, crushed food will not injure the gastric mucosa, on the other hand, while we chew, a large amount of gastric juice and saliva is produced, which contribute to the best absorption of food.

With hypoacid gastritis, it is necessary to exclude:

• Alcohol.
• Products fried in oil, baked dishes.
• Salty, spicy food.
• Mushrooms, coarse sinewy meat.
• Cabbage, grapes and grape juice.

What can you eat with hypoacid gastritis:

• Meat: rabbit meat, chicken meat in the form of boiled meat, low-fat cutlets, meatballs; meat broths, fish soup;
• Fish fillet from low-fat varieties of fish;
• Vegetable purees, grated vegetable salads from potatoes, beets, carrots, zucchini, spinach;
• Sour cream, kefir, cottage cheese, milk, cheese;
• Fruit juices (except grape), compotes, decoctions of wild rose, black currant;
• Mineral water 20-30 minutes before meals.

Meals are taken at least 5 times a day. Medical nutrition is observed for another 2-3 months after the exacerbation. The patient should be in a calm environment, with conditions for good rest and sleep. It is recommended to take vitamin and mineral preparations.

Diet for chronic gastritis

The basis of therapeutic treatment of patients with chronic gastritis is the dietary regime, which depends on the secretory function of the stomach, the general condition of the patient and the phase of the disease. It should be remembered that therapeutic nutrition for chronic gastritis is, first of all, the nutrition of a sick person, providing his physiological need for food ingredients.

At the same time, a specially selected and specially processed complex of products is a treatment method that affects various pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. Therefore, any diet prescribed to the patient must cover his physiological need for a variety of foods and, in addition, satisfy the increased need for a number of nutrients that arise due to the disease (for example, vitamins, minerals, proteins, iron, etc. ).

For a short period, it is permissible to prescribe physiologically inadequate diets, the need for which may be due to a sharp violation of the functions of the digestive tract (for example, exacerbation of chronic gastritis).

The diet is selected according to the qualitative composition (contains a certain set of products), according to the method of culinary processing of food products (type of heat treatment - roasting, boiling, steaming, baking in the oven; degree of grinding).

In dietary nutrition in chronic gastritis, the temperature of food and the degree of its mechanical and chemical effects on the mucous membrane and glandular apparatus of the stomach matter.

It should be remembered that dishes with a temperature below 15 ° and above 57-62 ° C have an irritating effect, and cold dishes taken on an empty stomach increase intestinal motility due to reflex effects from gastric thermoreceptors. The most indifferent in this regard are the dishes, the temperature of which is close to 37-38°C.

The mechanical action of food is determined by its volume, degree of grinding, consistency, method of heat treatment.

When compiling diets for a balanced diet, it must be borne in mind that the entire daily diet should be about 3 kg. At the same time, 25-30% of the total calorie content falls on the 1st breakfast; 10-15% - for the 2nd breakfast; 35-40% for lunch and 15-20% for dinner.

If the patient's condition requires mechanical sparing of the digestive tract, the entire daily ration is divided into 5-6-8 servings.

In some cases, they resort to reducing the weight of the daily diet and prescribing liquid and mushy foods for a certain period, which have a lesser mechanical effect on the stomach.

Patients with chronic gastritis need to know that fried foods have the greatest mechanical effect on the gastric mucosa. To a lesser extent, this effect is exerted by dishes baked in the oven. Dishes boiled in water and steam dishes have the least mechanical impact.

A mechanically sparing diet should not contain connective tissue fibers. Therefore, meat should be cleaned of tendons and fascia, and poultry from skin.

In addition, mechanically sparing diets should not contain foods rich in cell membranes (bran, wholemeal flour, Poltava and Artek cereals, legumes, millet, beets, carrots, green peas), or their number in the diet is reduced. These products are given only in boiled and pureed form.

The chemical effect that food has on the gastrointestinal tract is determined by the content of organic acids, essential oils, extractives, salt, carbon dioxide, and water-soluble sugars in it.